- |||||||||| Botox (onabotulinumtoxin A) / GSK, AbbVie, Healis Therap
Journal: Improved optimizer with deep learning model for emotion detection and classification. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 23, 2024
In this paper, an innovative facial emotion recognition framework, termed extended walrus-based deep learning with Botox feature selection network (EWDL-BFSN), was designed to accurately detect facial emotions...The Python platform was applied for implementation, and various performance metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score were analyzed with state-of-the-art methods. The proposed EWDL-BFSN model acquired an overall accuracy of 99.37 and 99.25% for both CK+ and FER-2013 datasets and proved its superiority in predicting facial emotions over state-of-the-art methods.
- |||||||||| Nitredon (nitrazepam) / Remedica
Journal: Transient Arginine Vasopressin Deficiency Induced by Valproic Acid Intoxication: A Case Report. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 23, 2024
The proposed EWDL-BFSN model acquired an overall accuracy of 99.37 and 99.25% for both CK+ and FER-2013 datasets and proved its superiority in predicting facial emotions over state-of-the-art methods. The maximum daily doses for nitrazepam, olanzapine, and valproic acid are 15, 20, and 1200 mg, respectively.
- |||||||||| escitalopram / Generic mfg.
Journal: Investigation of the immunological effects of escitalopram oxalate in the breast cancer co-culture model. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 23, 2024
In the co-culture model, the immunological effects of escitalopram oxalate on MCF-7 cells were 2.8%, 11.1%, 15.6%, 10.6%, and 12.1% for interleukin (IL)-1?, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-?, respectively, while MDA effects on MB-231 cells, respectively, were 2.1%, 15.9%, 16.2%, 8.8%, and 11.8%. According to the results obtained, it was concluded that the immunological effects of escitalopram oxalate are more effective than tamoxifen and that it can be used as an adjunctive agent in breast cancer treatment.
- |||||||||| clozapine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Long-term clinical recovery and treatment resistance in first-episode psychosis: a 10-year follow-up study. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 23, 2024
7% of all participants had tried Clozapine at the 10-year follow-up...We also identified the potential importance of assessing baseline disorganized symptoms and monitoring patients with insidious onset more closely. Further, the findings suggest that clinicians should pay close attention to early-course parameters and provide adequate treatment to improve long-term outcomes of FEP.
- |||||||||| eletriptan / Generic mfg.
Advancing migraine therapy with novel mucoadhesive eletriptan formulations (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_12965;
Additionally, analytical methods for eletriptan estimation using UV-visible spectroscopy and HPLC with UV detection were developed and validated. Results demonstrated the potential of mucoadhesive formulations to enhance drug absorption and efficacy, offering a promising avenue for improving migraine therapy outcomes.
- |||||||||| clozapine / Generic mfg.
Ventral hippocampus neurons encode meal-related memory (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_12894;
In rats expressing inhibitory chemogenetic receptors (hM4Di) in HPCv?LHA neurons, infusion of clozapine-N-oxide (n=7), but not its vehicle (n=6), impaired meal location memory and decreased inter-meal intervals...HPCv meal-responsive neurons are enriched in the serotonin receptor type 2a (Htr2a), and HPCv infusion of the Htr2a antagonist M100907 (n=7) impaired meal location memory and decreased inter-meal intervals. Collective results identify a population of HPCv neurons that dynamically respond during eating to encode meal-related memories.
- |||||||||| lorazepam / Generic mfg., memantine / Generic mfg.
Large-scale Dynamical Fingerprints of Distributed Synaptic Alterations in Early-Stage Psychosis (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_12834;
Individual similarity to GABA-A effects was related to positive symptoms (e.g. delusions).We conclude that early-stage psychosis is associated with large-scale patterns of changes in cortical dynamics which result from alterations in GABA-A or NMDA receptor functions and differentially related to symptoms severity. Our approach opens new perspectives for a neurophysiological-biomarker assay of psychotic disorders.
- |||||||||| clozapine / Generic mfg.
Role of auditory cortex and its long-range GABAergic projections to lateral amygdala in recent and remote recall (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_12720;
Experimental mice received clozapine oxide (CNO), the ligand that activates DREADDs, on either day 2 or day 15, while control mice received either saline or CNO.?Our findings reveal that chemogenetic?inhibition of AC principal cells during early retrieval significantly affects early and remote discrimination of the CS-...Our data also suggest that inhibiting the long-range GABAergic projections from AC to LA on day 2 also impairs the ability of mice to discriminate between fearful and safe sounds.?We are currently investigating if inhibition of this projection has similar effects at later time points during retrieval.?This study provides insights into the functional role of SST long-range projections on emotional processing and clarifies the intricate involvement of both LA and AC in remote memory. These findings hold significant implications for the development of targeted therapies for anxiety-related disorders by modulating specific neural pathways involved in emotional regulation, highlighting the potential for innovative therapeutic approaches.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
Sex differences in respiratory response to two forms of oxytocin delivery following fentanyl administration in rats (MCP Hall A; Virtually Only) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_12636;
Conversely, males had a greater respiratory response to CNO compared to IP Oxytocin throughout the recovery period.Our findings suggest sex-specific differences in respiratory depression and recovery patterns after Fentanyl administration, highlighting distinct roles of exogenous versus endogenous Oxytocin pathways in modulating respiratory function. Given that endogenous Oxytocin facilitates a more gradual recovery and exogenous Oxytocin induces a more rapid effect, future research should explore their combined use to optimize respiratory recovery.
- |||||||||| memantine / Generic mfg.
Memantine enhances motoneuron survival and reduces gliosis after spinal root crush in mice (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_12412;
Additionally, memantine enhanced motoneuron input coverage (p<0.001), although VGLUT-1 expression showed no significant differences among groups (p=0.08). In conclusion, memantine significantly improved motoneuron survival, reduced gliosis, and inhibited synaptic pruning, suggesting its potential clinical application.
- |||||||||| clozapine / Generic mfg.
DREADDs modulation of TDP-43 pathology formation after hippocampal FTLD-TDP extract injection in CamKIIa-NLS4 mice (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_12342;
All mice received Clozapine N-oxide (CNO) eyedrops (1mg/kg) thrice weekly for 3 months post-injection (mpi)...While we did not observe an increase in TDP-43 pathology with DREADDs modulation of neuronal activity, it is possible that the DREADDs co-injection and their repeated activation may have exacerbated cell loss. Future studies will employ orthogonal approaches, such as optogenetics, to address these limitations.
- |||||||||| clozapine / Generic mfg.
Astrocyte Syncytial Isopotentiality Sustains the Basal Excitability of Neurons and Synaptic Transmission in the Mouse Hippocampal CA1 Region (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_12304;
To experimentally test this hypothesis, we decoupled the astrocyte syncytium pharmacologically with a gap junction inhibitor, Meclofenamic Acid (MFA), as well as high intracellular Ca2+ through activation of Gq-DREADDs in astrocytes by 10 nM Clozapine...At the level of synaptic transmission, we show that both MFA and Gq-DREADD activation-mediated decoupling resulted in a reversible suppression of the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) in the hippocampus CA1 region. Thus, the state of astrocyte syncytial isopotentiality is crucial for the basal excitability of both glutamatergic pyramidal neurons and interneurons, and consequently the strength of synaptic transmission in the mouse hippocampus CA1 region.
- |||||||||| Trintellix (vortioxetine) / Lundbeck, Takeda
Recurrent spontaneous seizures caused by glial-Dube3a overexpression can be suppressed through modulation of 5-HT signaling (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_12282;
Previous work has identified, Vortioxetine (a 5-HT1A agonist) and Ketanserin (5-HT2A receptor antagonist) as potential treatment options for Dup15q-associated epilepsy...We found both pharmacological agents were successful in eliminating spontaneous spike discharges in repo > Dube3a flies. Our findings highlight the potential for glial pathophysiology in underpinning seizures associated Dup15q syndrome.
- |||||||||| amitriptyline / Generic mfg., fluoxetine / Generic mfg.
Identification of venom fractions as TREK-1 modulators using Qube 384 automated patch clamp system (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_12242;
Here, we have developed a robust hTREK-1 screening assay on the Qube 384 platform. The optimized screening assay was successfully employed in the screening of a venom library, detecting peptides with both inhibitory and potentiating modalities.Djillani et al., 2019, Front Pharmacol 2019; 10: 379
- |||||||||| Subtype selectivity of clinically-used sodium channel inhibitors (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_12238;
The likely explanation is likely two-fold: first, cardiac atrial and ventricular muscle has much more negative resting potential (near -88 mV) than most neurons (typically -85 to -60 mV), so that a larger fraction of channels are in the resting state with weak drug binding, and second, cardiac muscle cells have a high density of sodium channels, so that inhibition of a substantial fraction of sodium channels can be tolerated with minimal functional consequences. The strong state-dependence of drug action also likely accounts for functional selectivity of drug on neurons to inhibit pathophysiological conditions like pain and epilepsy without major disruption of normal functions.
- |||||||||| fluoxetine / Generic mfg.
Serotonin Signaling During Development: Impact on Response to Threat Across Species (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_12181;
In rodent postnatal day 2 to 11 (P2-11) fluoxetine causes enduring changes in 5-HT function and increased anxiety...Increased 5HT levels, i.e. SSRI, in early life enhances innate fear responses and fear brain circuit activation that are conserved across species. Understanding the modulation of PAG by 5-HT will provide insight into pathophysiology and etiology of anxiety disorders.
- |||||||||| Nuplazid (pimavanserin) / Acadia Pharma
Serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonists reduce tic-like responses in two mouse models of Tourette syndrome (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_11573;
To better understand the impact of these receptors in TS, we tested the effects of two highly selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonists, pimavanserin and volinanserin, in two mouse models capturing complementary aspects of TS pathophysiology: the D1CT-7 mice, in which the neuropotentiation of the somatosensory cortex results in tic-like motoric jerks; and mice subjected to early-life depletion of striatal cholinergic interneurons (CINs), which simulate the loss of these cells documented in postmortem striatal tissues of TS-affected subjects...These effects were mimicked by local infusions into the PFC, but not striatum, suggesting that the ameliorative effects of 5-HT2A antagonists may be mediated by cortical modulation of tics. These results confirm and expand previous evidence showing that 5-HT2A receptors are involved in the pathophysiology of tics, and underscore that antagonists of these targets may be a valuable therapeutic tool for TS.
- |||||||||| fluoxetine / Generic mfg.
Changes in circadian rhythm and 24h activity patterns after fluoxetine exposure in adolescent rats (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_11466;
Overall, these results suggesting that while adolescent fluoxetine exposure can potentially reduce overall activity, the quality of inactive (rest) episodes improved which may be contributing to its therapeutic efficacy. However, these effects on activity are transient and do not persist after prolonged discontinuation.
- |||||||||| fluoxetine / Generic mfg.
The role of neurotrophin-3 in the regulation of hippocampal dentate gyrus function (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_11276;
On the other hand, our previous studies have shown that the expression of NT-3 is reduced in the hippocampal DG of fluoxetine-treated mice...In the future, we would like to further reveal the role of NT-3 by investigating the effects of NT-3 reduction on neurogenesis. Since neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus is associated with depression, we would like to clarify whether NT-3 can be involved in depression.
- |||||||||| clozapine / Generic mfg.
Transient inhibition of developing Purkinje cells causes male-specific social and fine motor deficits "vulnerable male cerebellum hypothesis" (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_11207;
However, most studies used genetic mouse models with irreversible cerebellar impairment, and the tested subjects were primarily male.To examine the critical period of each ASD-like phenotype, we used model mice expressing inhibitory DREADD specifically in cerebellar Purkinje cells, and their activity was transiently suppressed by oral administration of clozapine N-oxide (CNO) from postnatal day 11-15 (short inhibition) or postnatal day 11-20 (long inhibition)...Interestingly, ASD patients often exhibit awkwardness, a trait more commonly observed in males. We propose that the vulnerability of the developing male cerebellum is a shared underlying cause of the two conditions which could potentially explain their male-biased prevalence.
- |||||||||| clozapine / Generic mfg.
Non-invasive and programmable molecular manipulation for deep brain modulation using focused ultrasound (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_10741;
This work demonstrates the capability of ultrasound to precisely control molecular interaction and develops ultrasound programmable HOFs to minimally invasive and spatiotemporally control cellular events, thereby facilitating the establishment of precise molecular therapeutic possibilities. We anticipate that this research could serve as a source of inspiration for precise and non-invasive molecular manipulation techniques, potentially applicable in programming molecular robots to achieve sophisticated control over cellular events in deep tissues.
- |||||||||| risperidone / Generic mfg.
Evaluation of drug effects on central nervous system at the whole-brain scale using CUBIC (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_10627;
Based on the patterns of significant increase or decrease in the brain regions, we classified the effects of drugs into several categories such as cortical patterns or subcortical patterns etc. and discussed whether these patterns can be pharmacologically explained by the mechanism of action of drugs. Our methods and results reveal the effects of drugs on the central nervous system at the whole-brain scale and provide a database that can be integrated with previous data about cell types, transcriptome or connectivity.
- |||||||||| citalopram / Generic mfg.
Serotonergic modulation of neuroplasticity in humans: dose dependency and mechanisms (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_10582;
For cathodal tDCS, citalopram converted the increase of SICI and decrease of ICF into antagonistic effects, and this effect was dosage-dependent since it lasted longer under 40mg when compared to 20mg. We speculate that the main effects of acute serotonergic enhancement on tDCS-induced plasticity is the increase and prolongation of LTP-like plasticity effects, which involves mainly the glutamatergic system.
- |||||||||| haloperidol / Generic mfg., clozapine / Generic mfg.
Preclinical neurobehavioral profiling of antipsychotics through miniscope calcium imaging (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_10578;
All three drugs tested had distinct neurobehavioral profiles. These multidimensional neurobehavioral profiles offer higher sensitivity for differentiating mechanism of action than behavior alone and should ultimately facilitate the development of more effective and better-tolerated treatments for schizophrenia.
- |||||||||| paroxetine / Generic mfg.
The impact of anxiolytics on prefrontal cortex electroencephalographypatterns in cynomolgus monkeys (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_10403;
The etizolam treatment also increased delta-theta bands (3 and 4Hz) compared to the vehicle, indicating that etizolam also induced a tranquil state. The present study demonstrates that paroxetine and etizolam affect the EEG patterns in cynomolgus monkeys by inducing a tranquil state and/or reducing concentration and nervousness, and indicates that the PFC EEG patterns may be a useful biomarker for evaluation of the efficacy of anxiolytics.
- |||||||||| clozapine / Generic mfg.
Whole brain, cell type specific transcriptomic profiling of in vivo neurochemical perturbation (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_10351;
To drive in vivo noradrenergic activity, we express excitatory designer receptors bilaterally in the LC of mice and administer clozapine-N-oxide for 10 days...We additionally confirm several cell-specific marker genes (including Slc17a7, Gad1, Aldh1l1, Mbp, and Pdgfrb) that are preserved in our data as compared to the reference atlas. This approach can be used to describe broad transcriptomic changes that occur in response to prolonged noradrenergic modulation, resulting in the affordable, flexible, and scalable ability to understand the complex role of neuromodulators across the brain.
- |||||||||| aripiprazole / Generic mfg., risperidone / Generic mfg.
Utilization of antipsychotic interventions for ASD among medically underserved patients in southern california after COVID-19 (MCP Hall A; Virtually Only) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_10015;
While there was a temporary increase in the percentage of individuals being prescribed Risperidone and Aripiprazole after the lockdown started in Los Angeles; overall, the percentage of individuals with PDD with prescriptions went down after the pandemic. Our findings suggest socioeconomic factors play an important role in the rate of antipsychotic prescriptions.
- |||||||||| clozapine / Generic mfg.
Dorsal versus ventral silencing of adult-born granule cells in the hippocampus of rats (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_9843;
Adult male rats bilaterally injected with virus in the dorsal or ventral DG were treated with clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) or saline 4 weeks later and exposed to a novel environment to increase DG activity...The densities of Fos+ cells in both the DG and directly downstream in the CA3 of the region targeted were significantly lower in the CNO treated animals compared to control animals. Future directions involve using this technique with established behavioral tasks to determine how spatially silencing or ablating adult-born neurons affects normal behavior.
- |||||||||| clozapine / Generic mfg.
Chemogenetic Stimulation of BNST Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Neurons Perturbs Effort-Related Choice (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_9768;
Acute chemogenetic excitation of CRF- BNST neurons with clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) reduced preference for the HR option in both males and females...These findings show that hyperactivity of BNST CRF neurons is sufficient to recapitulate the reduced willingness to expend effort for high value rewards seen after stress. This adds to a growing body of literature that implicates elevated central CRF signalling in stress-induced alterations in reward processing.
- |||||||||| dizocilpine (MK801) / Merck (MSD)
The Effects of Repeated Exposure to Atypical Antipsychotics on Risky Decision-Making (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_9764;
These data suggest that higher dose atypical antipsychotics cause sex-specific effects on punishment-driven risky decision-making. Follow-up experiments are in progress measuring the influence of two mechanistically distinct psychotomimetic drugs (DOI and MK-801) on RDT, followed by co-administered risperidone and psychotomimetics.
- |||||||||| risperidone / Generic mfg.
Long-term effects of adolescent risperidone on behavior and prefrontal cortex activity in mice (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_9517;
These results underscore the potential for long-lasting negative consequences of adolescent antipsychotic exposure on social behavior and anxiety, highlighting the need for further research to validate and elucidate these findings. This improved understanding can inform decisions regarding the use of antipsychotics during adolescence.
- |||||||||| haloperidol / Generic mfg.
Effects of chronic haloperidol treatment in Disc1 heterozygous mutant mice (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_9516;
Our results demonstrated chronic haloperidol-induced dopamine supersensitivity in WT but not in Disc1 Het mice. Since haloperidol effectively occupies the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R), the role of D2R and related signaling molecules will be determined in the chronic haloperidol paradigm.
- |||||||||| haloperidol / Generic mfg., clozapine / Generic mfg.
Probing the Impact of Antipsychotics on Dynamic Microtubules In Neuronal Cultures (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_9515;
Since haloperidol effectively occupies the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R), the role of D2R and related signaling molecules will be determined in the chronic haloperidol paradigm. Infected neuronal cultures were imaged at baseline and after treatment with haloperidol (0.1
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