ALDH2 activator 
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  • ||||||||||  Endogenous Acrolein Scavenging as a Novel Neuroprotective Strategy After Spinal Cord Injury (MCP Hall A) -  Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_1964;    
    This study has further demonstrated acrolein as a critical player in the pathogenesis of SCI, as well as an effective therapeutic target to enhance recovery in SCI. Furthermore, our data also supports the role of ALDH2 as a potential target for potentiating endogenous anti-acrolein capability through pharmaceutical intervention in SCI and other neurotrauma and degenerative diseases where acrolein is known to play a role.
  • ||||||||||  doxorubicin hydrochloride / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Mitochondrial ALDH2 improves  (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 1, 2024   
    Mitochondrial ALDH2 activation could inhibit the progression of doxorubicin induced pancreatic ?-cell dysfunction by inhibiting the acid sphingomyelinase induction of ceramide, by regulating the activation of CK2 signaling. Our research lays the foundation of ALDH2 activation as a therapeutic target for the precise treatment of chemotherapy drug induced ?-cell dysfunction.
  • ||||||||||  ketoconazole / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Role of covalent modification by hepatic aldehydes in dictamnine-induced liver injury. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 21, 2023   
    Inhibition of the bioactivation by CYP3A inhibitor ketoconazole prevented the protein adduction...Application of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 activator ALDA-1 or nucleophilic trapping reagent N-acetyl-L-lysine significantly reduced the protein adduction and attenuated dictamnine-induced liver injury without affecting the bioactivation. In conclusion, the metabolic activation of the furan ring of dictamnine resulted in the protein adduction by multiple hepatic aldehydes and the protein modification played a crucial role in dictamnine-induced liver injury.
  • ||||||||||  erastin - Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Dana / Farber Cancer Institute, Columbia University, Prolexys
    Journal:  ALDH2 ameliorates ethanol-induced gastric ulcer through suppressing NLPR3 inflammasome activation and ferroptosis. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 7, 2023   
    Also, the suppressive role of ALDH2 in inflammatory response and oxidative stress was reversed by ferroptosis activator erastin or NLRP3 activator nigericin in HCl/ethanol-challenged GES-1?cells. To be summarized, ALDH2 might play the protective role in the process of GU.
  • ||||||||||  Endogenous Acrolein Scavenging as a Novel Neuroprotective StrategyAfter Spinal Cord Injury (SDCC Halls B-H) -  Oct 10, 2022 - Abstract #Neuroscience2022NEUROSCIENCE_11306;    
    This study has further demonstrated the critical role of acrolein in the pathogenesis of SCI, but also the therapeutic value of suppressing acrolein in SCI. Furthermore, our data also supports a role of ALDH2 as a potential target for anti-acrolein pharmaceutical intervention in neurotrauma diseases.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 and arrhythmogenesis. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 10, 2022   
    In this review, we summarize recent researches on the potential roles of ALDH2 activation and antiarrhythmic protection, as well as the role played by the ALDH2*2 polymorphism (rs671) in promoting arrhythmic risk. Additionally, we discuss important new findings illustrating the use of ALDH2 activators, which may prove to be promising antiarrhythmic therapy agents.
  • ||||||||||  disulfiram / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 augments adiponectin signaling in coronary angiogenesis in HFpEF associated with diabetes. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 12, 2022   
    Treatment with disulfiram, an ALDH2 inhibitor, exacerbated 4HNE-mediated decreases in APN-induced increased coronary angiogenesis and APN-signaling cascades, whereas pretreatment with alda1, an ALDH2 activator, rescued the effect of 4HNE...Alda1 treatment improved APN-mediated angiogenesis in AF and db/db mice. In summary, 4HNE-induces APN resistance and a subsequent decrease in coronary angiogenesis in diabetic mouse heart which was rescued by ALDH2.
  • ||||||||||  disulfiram / Generic mfg.
    Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Augments Adiponectin Signaling In Coronary Angiogenesis In Hfpef Associated With Diabetes (Salon B, Lower Level) -  Jun 18, 2022 - Abstract #BCVS2022BCVS_366;    
    Treatment with disulfiram (DSF), an ALDH2 inhibitor, exacerbated 4HNE-mediated decreases in APN-induced increased coronary angiogenesis and APN-signaling cascades, whereas pretreatment with alda1, an ALDH2 activator, rescued the effect of 4HNE...Alda-1 treatment improved APN-mediated angiogenesis significantly in db/db and AF mice. In conclusion, 4HNE-induces APN resistance and subsequently decreases coronary angiogenesis in diabetic HFpEF which was rescued by ALDH2 activation.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Alda-1, an Activator of ALDH2, Improves Postresuscitation Cardiac and Neurological Outcomes by Inhibiting Pyroptosis in Swine. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 1, 2022   
    Moreover, the severity of oxidative stress indicated by the changes of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and malondialdehyde was significantly decreased in the heart and brain in all animals treated with Alda-1 compared to the CPR group. Thus, Alda-1 mitigated postresuscitation cardiac and neurological dysfunction and injuries possibly by inhibiting oxidative stress-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in a swine model of CA and resuscitation.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Activation of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Ameliorates Glucolipotoxicity of Pancreatic Beta Cells. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 13, 2022   
    However, the above effects of Alda-1 were abolished in Aldh2 knockdown MIN6 cells. In conclusion, we reported that the activator of ALDH2 not only enhanced GSIS, but also ameliorated the glucolipotoxicity of beta cells by reducing both the mitochondrial and intracellular ROS levels, thereby improving mitochondrial function, restoring beta cell function, and protecting beta cells from apoptosis and death.
  • ||||||||||  S-nitrosothiol (N6022) / Alpine Immune Sci
    Journal:  GSNOR and ALDH2 alleviate traumatic spinal cord injury. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 4, 2022   
    Combining the specific inhibitor of GSNOR (N6022) with the selective activator of ALDH2 (Alda-1) provides greater protection to the neurovascular unit and confers greater functional recovery. The study is novel, and the combination therapy (N6022+Alda-1) possesses translational potential.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Magnolol, a natural aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 agonist, inhibits the proliferation and collagen synthesis of cardiac fibroblasts. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 4, 2021   
    Mag could enhance the activity of recombinant human ALDH2 proteins with a half-maximal effective concentration of 5.79 × 10 M. In addition, ALDH2 activation via Alda-1 inhibited cardiac fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis, while ALDH2 inhibition via daidzin partially blocked the suppressive effects of Mag. In summary, Mag may act as a natural ALDH2 agonist and inhibit cardiac fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis.
  • ||||||||||  Preclinical, Journal, IO biomarker:  Impact of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 on cognitive impairment in the AD model mouse. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 7, 2021   
    Taken together, ALDH2 overexpression significantly improves the cognitive function of the AD mice. Furthermore, our results suggested that ALDH2 protects against Aβ hippocampal neuronal toxicity possibly through alleviating toxic aldehydes and ROS, as well as increasing ATP production to preserve mitochondrial integrity and reduce neuronal apoptosis.
  • ||||||||||  doxorubicin hydrochloride / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Effect of doxorubicin on cardiac lipid metabolism-related transcriptome and the protective activity of Alda-1. (Pubmed Central) -  May 20, 2021   
    Alda-1 administration promoted reduction in the severity of the histopathological injuries (after single dose of DOX) and Slc27a2 overexpression was restored. In conclusion, the study revealed novel insights regarding the development of DOX-mediated cardiomyopathy, indicating a relationship between DOX exposure and FABP4 and Slc27a2 overexpression, and confirmed the cardioprotective effect of Alda-1.
  • ||||||||||  disulfiram / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  A critical assessment of the potential of pharmacological modulation of aldehyde dehydrogenases to treat the diseases of bone loss. (Pubmed Central) -  May 15, 2021   
    ALDH2 inhibition by disulfiram (DSF) and activation by alda-1 cause reduction and induction of bone formation, respectively...The scope of structure-activity based studies with ALDH2 and the alda-1-like molecule could lead to the discovery of novel osteoanabolic molecules. This review will critically discuss the molecular mechanism of the ethanol and its principal metabolite, acetaldehyde in the context of ALDH2 in bone cells, and skeletal homeostasis.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 protects against sympathetic excitation-induced cardiac fibrosis. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 26, 2021   
    In addition, wild-type mice treated with Alda-1 manifested with reduced fibrosis and better cardiac function after ISO pump. In summary, Alda-1 alleviates sympathetic excitation-induced cardiac fibrosis via decreasing mitochondrial ROS accumulation, highlighting ALDH2 activity as a promising drug target of cardiac fibrosis.