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- | chloroquine phosphate / Generic mfg.
Journal, Immunogenic cell death: 5-ALA mediated photodynamic therapy with combined treatment improves anti-tumor efficacy of immunotherapy through boosting immunogenic cell death. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 10, 2022
Combining with Chloroquine (CQ), 5-ALA-PDT further augmented tumor-specific immunity effects indicating protective role of autophagy. Together, the combination therapy of 5-ALA-PDT and autophagy inhibitor synergistically led to a novel clinical approach and potential ICD-based tumor vaccine for CRC patients.
- | Journal: Lactate protects against oxidative stress-induced retinal degeneration by activating autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 10, 2022
In contrast, application of 3-methyladenine, an inhibitor of autophagy, effectively weakened the protective effect of lactate against oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, all data in this study indicate that lactate protects against oxidative stress-induced retinal degeneration and preserves mitochondrial function by activating autophagy.
- | gabapentin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Chronic pain inhibits autophagy in hippocampus while the analgetic drug, Gabapentin reverts this SNI-driven action. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 10, 2022
Taken together, all data in this study indicate that lactate protects against oxidative stress-induced retinal degeneration and preserves mitochondrial function by activating autophagy. No abstract available
- | sirolimus / Generic mfg.
Biomarker, Journal: Clinical application of RUBCN/SESN2 mediated inhibition of autophagy as biomarkers of diabetic kidney disease. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 9, 2022
The study proves the overexpression of RUBCN and mTOR in DN and the down-expression of SESN2. The three markers can be clinically used to predict DN and to monitor disease progression.
- | Journal: USP32-regulated LAMTOR1 ubiquitination impacts mTORC1 activation and autophagy induction. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 9, 2022
Furthermore, we demonstrate that depletion of USP32 homolog CYK-3 in Caenorhabditis elegans results in mTOR inhibition and autophagy induction. In summary, we identify a control mechanism of the mTORC1 activation cascade at lysosomes via USP32-regulated LAMTOR1 ubiquitination.
- | chloroquine phosphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Urolithin A suppresses tumor progression and induces autophagy in gastric cancer via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 9, 2022
Meanwhile, the in vivo experiments showed that UA effectively suppressed tumor growth, enhanced the therapeutic effects, and alleviated chemotherapy toxicity in xenograft models. Overall, these findings offer novel insights into the role of UA in tumor therapy and suggest that UA may possess potential therapeutic applications for GC.
- | Journal: Targeting CRL4 suppresses chemoresistant ovarian cancer growth by inducing mitophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 9, 2022
Our findings provide novel insight into the multifaceted function of the CRL4 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex in regulating mitochondrial fission, mitophagy, and OC chemoresistance. Disruption of CRL4 and mitophagy may be a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome chemoresistance in OC.
- | ketamine / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Prophylactic Effects of Sub-anesthesia Ketamine on Cognitive Decline, Neuroinflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Elderly Mice. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 8, 2022
The study suggested that ketamine inhibited the neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, reduced the autophagy of hippocampal neurons via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. It may provide novel methods for the protection of cognitive function in elderly during perioperative period.
- | Journal: Lycium barbarum polysaccharides regulate AMPK/Sirt autophagy pathway to delay D-gal-induced premature ovarian failure (Pubmed Central) - Dec 7, 2022
AMPK inhibitor can partially attenuate the role of LBP in promoting autophagy activation and alleviating aging and ovarian tissue damage(P<0.05). LBP can alleviate the symptoms of POF induced by D-gal by promoting the activation of AMPK/Sirt1 pathway.
- | Journal: SIRT3 Enhances the Protective Role of Propofol in Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction via Activating Autophagy Mediated by AMPK/mTOR Pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 7, 2022
LBP can alleviate the symptoms of POF induced by D-gal by promoting the activation of AMPK/Sirt1 pathway. SIRT3 enhances the protective effect of propofol on POCD by triggering autophagy that eliminates oxidative stress and inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
- | Journal: Autophagy Inhibition Signals through Senescence to Promote Tumor Suppression. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 7, 2022
The altered SASP had increased potent activity to induce paracrine senescence of neighboring GBM cells, to skew macrophage polarization toward the anti-tumor M1 state, and to block the recruitment of pro-tumor neutrophils to GBM tumor tissues. Taken together, this study reveals novel functional communication between autophagy and senescence and suggests cancer therapeutic approaches harnessing autophagy blockage in inducing senescence-mediated antitumor immunity.
- | sirolimus / Generic mfg., disulfiram / Generic mfg.
Journal: ATG5-Mediated Autophagy May Inhibit Pyroptosis to Ameliorate Oleic Acid-Induced Hepatocyte Steatosis. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 7, 2022
Inversely, treatment with pyroptotic agonist Nigericin aggravated OA-induced hepatic steatosis, while pyroptosis antagonist disulfiram ameliorated this effect...Significantly, overexpression of ATG5 obviously downregulated cleaved caspase-1 expressions without altering the total caspase1 expressions in hepatic cell steatosis. Taken together, our studies strongly demonstrated that the activation of ATG5 inhibits pyroptosis to improve hepatic steatosis and suggest autophagy activation as a potential therapeutic strategy for pyroptosis-mediated MAFLD.
- | Journal: TAT-Beclin 1 represses the carcinogenesis of DUSP4-positive PTC by enhancing autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 7, 2022
Taken together, our studies strongly demonstrated that the activation of ATG5 inhibits pyroptosis to improve hepatic steatosis and suggest autophagy activation as a potential therapeutic strategy for pyroptosis-mediated MAFLD. TAT-Beclin 1, as an autophagic promoter, could repress the carcinogenesis of DUSP4-positive PTC, which implies that the use of TAT-Beclin 1 for the PTC patients' treatment might be determined according to the DUSP4 level in their tumors.
- | sirolimus / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Catalase-deficient mice induce aging faster through lysosomal dysfunction. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 7, 2022
This study unveils the new role of catalase and its role in lysosomal function during aging. Video abstract.
- | Journal: β-(4-fluorobenzyl) Arteannuin B induced interaction of ATF-4 and C/EBPβ mediates the transition of breast cancer cells from autophagy to senescence. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 6, 2022
Interestingly, inhibition of autophagy signaling switches the fate of Arteannuin 09 treated cells from senescence to apoptosis. Lastly, our data accomplished that Arteannuin 09 is a potent inhibitor of tumor growth and inducer of premature senescence in vivo.
- | hydroxychloroquine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Reductive damage induced autophagy inhibition for tumor therapy. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 6, 2022
Among them, hydroxychloroquine is the most commonly used autophagy inhibitor in clinics, but it is severely limited by its high therapeutic dose, significant toxicity, poor reversal efficacy, and nonspecific action...Overall, this study presents a reductive-damage strategy as a promising anti-tumor approach that catalytically inhibits autophagy and activates the intrinsic antioxidant pathways of tumor cells and also shows its potential for the therapy of other autophagy-related diseases. Supplementary material (cellular uptake of PN-CeO, effects of PN-CeO on several common malignant tumor models, viability of HaCaT cells treated with PN-CeO at different concentrations, time-dependent body-weight curves of SCL-1 tumor-bearing nude mice, the biodistribution of Ce element in main tissues and tumors after injection of PN-CeO, measurement of Ce element concentration in urine and feces samples, H&E-stained images of main organs, and measurement of liver and kidney function in mice after different treatment) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-5139-z.
- | Vanflyta (quizartinib) / Daiichi Sankyo
Journal: Selective Inhibitors of Autophagy Reveal New Link between the Cell Cycle and Autophagy and Lead to Discovery of Novel Synergistic Drug Combinations. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 6, 2022
An unbiased screen looking for known drugs that might synergize with autophagy inhibition revealed new combination treatments that might provide a blueprint for therapeutic approaches to pancreatic cancer. The drugs quizartinib and THZ1 showed a strong synergistic effect in pancreatic cells with autophagy inhibition.
- | Journal: β-catenin facilitates fowl adenovirus serotype 4 replication through enhancing virus-induced autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 6, 2022
In conclusion, the nuclear translocation of β-catenin benefits FAdV-4 replication, and suppression of β-catenin limits FAdV-4 production by inhibiting FAdV-4-induced autophagy. These findings indicated that β-catenin is an important regulator of FAdV-4 replication which can serve as a potential target for anti-FAdV-4 agents.
- | chloroquine phosphate / Generic mfg.
Journal, BRCA Biomarker: Chloroquine is a safe autophagy inhibitor for sustaining the expression of antioxidant enzymes in trophoblasts. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 6, 2022
CHQ did not inhibit HO-1 expression by sustaining NBR1 expression in human villous tissues compared to BAF treatment. In conclusion, CHQ is a safer medicine than BAF for sustaining NBR1, which resist against OS in trophoblasts by connecting selective autophagy and the anti-OS response.
- | metformin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Metformin regulates autophagy via LGMN to inhibit choriocarcinoma. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 5, 2022
Autophagy inhibitor could depress metformin-induced autophagy and improve cell proliferation and invasion ability dropped by metformin, while autophagy inducer could partially reverse the change of cell proliferation and invasion modulated by combination of metformin and LGMN overexpression. These results indicated that metformin inhibited cell proliferation and invasion ability by inducing autophagy in a LGMN-dependent manner so as to play a role in the treatment of choriocarcinoma.
- | Journal: 5'-tRF-GlyGCC promotes breast cancer metastasis by increasing fat mass and obesity-associated protein demethylase activity. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 5, 2022
5'-tRF-GlyGCC was found for the first time to bind directly to fat mass and obesity-associated proteins, and increase the activity of FTO demethylase, reducing eIF4G1 methylation, inhibiting autophagy, and promoting BC proliferation and metastasis. These findings suggest that 5'-tRF-GlyGCC might be a therapeutic target for treating BC.
- | Journal: Methyl gallate prevents oxidative stress induced apoptosis and ECM degradation in chondrocytes via restoring Sirt3 mediated autophagy and ameliorates osteoarthritis progression. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 4, 2022
The protective effect of MG on OA has also been observed in mice OA model. In brief, our study suggests that MG could be a potential candidate for the treatment of OA.
- | Psoralen / EMD Serono
Preclinical, Journal, IO biomarker: Mitochondrial toxicants in Xian-Ling-Gu-Bao induce liver injury by regulating the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway: an in vitro study. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 3, 2022
Five compounds in Psoraleae Fructus showed mitochondrial damage, they are psoralidin, isobavachalcone, bavachinin, bavachin and psoralen, especially psoralidin showed significant reduction in reserve capacity and respiratory control ratios. The molecular mechanism is related to the activation of PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway to inhibit autophagy and induce mitochondrial apoptosis.
- | celecoxib oral / Generic mfg.
Journal: Celecoxib activates autophagy by inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway and prevents apoptosis in nucleus pulposus cells. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 3, 2022
The molecular mechanism is related to the activation of PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway to inhibit autophagy and induce mitochondrial apoptosis. In summary, we have demonstrated a new use for the old drug Celecoxib that treats intervertebral disc degeneration by enhancing autophagy in nucleus pulposus cells and opening a door for treating other degenerative diseases.
- | Journal: A Time and Place for Inhibiting Autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 3, 2022
In this issue of Cancer Research, Khayati and colleagues use state-of-the-art genetically engineered mouse models to demonstrate that transient systemic inhibition of autophagy can irreversibly impair the growth of established lung tumors with a good tolerability in normal tissues, suggesting a therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. See related article by Khayati et al., p. 4429.
- | Journal: Developmental endothelial locus-1 attenuates palmitate-induced apoptosis in tenocytes through the AMPK/autophagy-mediated suppression of inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 3, 2022
These results revealed that DEL-1 suppresses inflammation and ER stress, thereby attenuating tenocyte apoptosis through AMPK/autophagy-mediated signalling. Thus, regular exercise or administration of DEL-1 may directly contribute to improving tendinitis exacerbated by obesity and insulin resistance.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(12):854-861.
- | cisplatin / Generic mfg.
Journal: The COPS3-FOXO3 positive feedback loop regulates autophagy to promote cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 2, 2022
In both COPS3-expressing OS cells and a murine xenograft model, inhibition of autophagy could also overcome resistance to cisplatin. Collectively, our results offer insights into the mechanisms of cisplatin resistance and suggest that targeting COPS3-mediated autophagy is a promising therapeutic strategy for overcoming the cisplatin resistance of OS.Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; BECN1: beclin 1; ChIP: chromatin immunoprecipitation; CHX: cycloheximide; COPS3/CSN3: COP9 signalosome subunit 3; CQ: chloroquine; DEGs: differentially expressed genes; FOXO3: forkhead box O3; GFP: green fluorescent protein; IC50: 50% inhibitory concentration; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; mRFP: monomeric red fluorescent protein; OS: osteosarcoma; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; qRT-PCR: quantitative real-time PCR; RAB7: RAB7, member RAS oncogene family; RPS6KB1/p70S6K1: ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1; SEM: standard error of the mean; shRNA: short hairpin RNA; siRNA: small interfering RNA; SKP2: S-phase kinase associated protein 2; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; UPS: ubiquitin-proteasome system.
- | dexamethasone / Generic mfg.
Journal: Low-dose dexamethasone promotes osteoblast viability by activating autophagy via the SGK1/FOXO3a signaling pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 2, 2022
Knocking down SGK1 before Dex exposure significantly reduced the phosphorylated forkhead box O3a (p-FOXO3a)/FOXO3 ratio, suppressed LC3II and Beclin-1 levels, and increased SQSTM/p62 levels in MC3T3-E1 cells, and these effects were amplified by 3-MA. In conclusion, the results revealed that low-dose GC treatment increased osteoblast viability by activating autophagy via the SGK1/FOXO3a pathway.
- || Cotellic (cobimetinib) / Exelixis, Roche, Tecentriq (atezolizumab) / Roche
Enrollment closed, Trial primary completion date, Combination therapy, Checkpoint inhibition, Checkpoint block, Metastases: MEKiAUTO: Study of Combination Therapy With the MEK Inhibitor, Cobimetinib, Immune Checkpoint Blockade, Atezolizumab, and the AUTOphagy Inhibitor, Hydroxychloroquine in KRAS-mutated Advanced Malignancies (clinicaltrials.gov) - Dec 1, 2022
P1/2, N=175, Active, not recruiting, Sponsor: Columbia University
In conclusion, the results revealed that low-dose GC treatment increased osteoblast viability by activating autophagy via the SGK1/FOXO3a pathway. Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2023 --> Jun 2024
- | sorafenib / Generic mfg.
Journal: PNO1 inhibits autophagy-mediated ferroptosis by GSH metabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 30, 2022
The combination of PNO1 inhibition with drugs causing ferroptosis induction, particularly sorafenib, the first-line drug associated with ferroptosis in liver cancer shows therapeutic promise in vitro and in vivo. Together, our findings indicated that PNO1 protects HCC cells from ferroptotic death through autophagy-mediated GSH metabolic remodeling, and we identified a candidate therapeutic target that may potentiate the effect of ferroptosis-based antitumor therapy.
- carfilzomib / Generic mfg., vinblastine / Generic mfg.
Liposome Formulation of Carfilzomib with Improved Activity As a Monotherapy and in Combination with Vinblastine () - Nov 29, 2022 - Abstract #ASH2022ASH_7174;
The described liposome technology enables significant improvement in anti-tumor efficacy for CFZ as a monotherapy or in combination against a C26 mouse model. The improved activity in solid tumors warrants investigation of LS-CFZ for MM treatment.
- | Journal, IO biomarker: 3,3'-diindolylmethane inhibits LPS-induced human chondrocytes apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation by activating PI3K-Akt-mTOR-mediated autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 29, 2022
Furthermore, DIM relieved joint cartilage degeneration. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate for the first time that DIM inhibits LPS-induced chondrocyte apoptosis and ECM degradation by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR-autophagy axis and delays OA progression in vivo.
- | methotrexate / Generic mfg.
Journal, IO biomarker: Wenhua Juanbi Recipe Attenuates Rheumatoid Arthritis via Inhibiting miRNA-146a-Mediated Autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 29, 2022
The model rats were administered WJR or methotrexate (MTX) to assess the therapeutic effect of the drugs...WJR could, therefore, regulate autophagy by influencing the miRNA-146a-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, which induces apoptosis and proliferation of FLS. WJR can inhibit autophagy, apoptosis, and proliferation in a CIA rat model by inhibiting the miRNA-146a-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
- | Journal: Cellular Prion Protein Attenuates OGD/R-Induced Damage by Skewing Microglia toward an Anti-inflammatory State via Enhanced and Prolonged Activation of Autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 29, 2022
Bafilomycin A1 reversed the effect of PrP on microglial inflammatory state transformation. Moreover, microglia with PRNP overexpression exhibited higher levels of LAMP1 expression in the control and OGD/R groups and delayed the OGD/R-induced decrease of LAMP1 to reperfusion after 48 h. PrP attenuates OGD/R-induced damage by skewing microglia toward an anti-inflammatory state via enhanced and prolonged activation of autophagy.
- | docetaxel / Generic mfg.
Journal: Saikosaponin a enhances Docetaxel efficacy by selectively inducing death of dormant prostate cancer cells through excessive autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 29, 2022
In conclusion, SSA is posed as a novel QCCs-eradicating agent by aggravating autophagy in QCCs. In combination with the current therapy, SSA has potential to improve treatment effectiveness and to prevent cancer recurrence.
- | chloroquine phosphate / Generic mfg., sirolimus / Generic mfg.
Journal: Blue light attenuates TGF-β2-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human lens epithelial cells via autophagy impairment. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 29, 2022
In combination with the current therapy, SSA has potential to improve treatment effectiveness and to prevent cancer recurrence. Blue light exposure had inhibited effects on TGF-β2-induced EMT in LECs through autophagy impairment, which provides a new insight on prevention and treatment of PCO.
- | hydroxychloroquine / Generic mfg., ibrutinib / Generic mfg.
Journal: Co-delivery of ibrutinib and hydroxychloroquine by albumin nanoparticles for enhanced chemotherapy of glioma. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 28, 2022
In vivo studies indicated that the survival time was significantly prolonged in IBR&HCQ HSA NPs treated mice compared to those treated with IBR HSA NPs. Taken together, the HSA-based drug delivery system of IBR and HCQ opens a new avenue for efficient treatment of glioma.
- | sirolimus / Generic mfg.
Journal: High Uric Acid Promotes Atherosclerotic Plaque Instability by Apoptosis Targeted Autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 28, 2022
Taken together, the HSA-based drug delivery system of IBR and HCQ opens a new avenue for efficient treatment of glioma. HUA promoted atherosclerosis and exacerbated plaque vulnerability, and HUA facilitates foam cell apoptosis by inhibiting autophagy.
- | Journal: Modulating Nanozyme-Based Nanomachines via Microenvironmental Feedback for Differential Photothermal Therapy of Orthotopic Gliomas. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 28, 2022
Autophagy inhibition of Gd O enables excellent photothermal therapeutic effects on orthotopic gliomas and protection against inflammation in normal cells. The results of this study may prove useful in developing highly efficient nanomedicines for glioma treatment.
- | sirolimus / Generic mfg.
Journal: Exosomes Derived from Yak Follicular Fluid Increase 2-Hydroxyestradiol Secretion by Activating Autophagy in Cumulus Cells. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 27, 2022
Treatment of YCCs with rapamycin showed similar results with yak follicular fluid exosomes as there was an increase in 2-OHE2 secretion due to the activation of autophagy in the treated cumulus cells. Our results demonstrate that autophagy is enhanced by yak follicular fluid exosomes, and this is associated with an increase in 2-OHE secretion in YCCs.
- | Journal: A Novel TP53 Gene Mutation Sustains Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer through Mitophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 27, 2022
The pharmaceutical inhibition of autophagy/mitophagy selectively suppresses the cell proliferation of TP53-null or TP53-p.Glu358Val-expressing lung cancer cells. Together, our study characterizes a new TP53 mutation identified from Chinese lung cancer patients and uncovers its roles in regulating mitophagy, providing a new insight into NSCLC treatment.
- | Preclinical, Journal: Inactivation of Autophagy in Keratinocytes Reduces Tumor Growth in Mouse Models of Epithelial Skin Cancer. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 27, 2022
In summary, the deletion of Atg7 reduced the growth of epithelial tumors in these two mouse models of skin cancer. Thus, our data show that the inhibition of autophagy limits the growth of epithelial skin tumors.
- | chloroquine phosphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Arsenic Induces M2 Macrophage Polarization and Shifts M1/M2 Cytokine Production via Mitophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 27, 2022
Next, we verified that arsenic increased M2 cell markers in mouse blood and lungs. This study suggests that mitophagy is involved in the arsenic-induced M1 macrophage switch to an M2-like phenotype.
- | Journal: Dieckol Inhibits Autophagic Flux and Induces Apoptotic Cell Death in A375 Human Melanoma Cells via Lysosomal Dysfunction and Mitochondrial Membrane Impairment. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 27, 2022
Collectively, our findings indicate that dieckol is a novel autophagy inhibitor that induces apoptosis-mediated cell death via lysosomal dysfunction and mitochondrial membrane impairment in A375 human melanoma cells. This suggests the novel potential value of dieckol as a chemotherapeutic drug candidate for melanoma treatment.
- | Journal: Autophagy Mediates Escherichia Coli-Induced Cellular Inflammatory Injury by Regulating Calcium Mobilization, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 27, 2022
Finally, activation of autophagy inhibited the release of IL-1β and IL-18, cytochrome c, ATP, ERS-related proteins, and cytoplasmic calcium. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that autophagy mediated E. coli-induced cellular inflammatory injury by regulating cytoplasmic calcium, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ERS.
- | chloroquine phosphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Brucella BtpB Manipulates Apoptosis and Autophagic Flux in RAW264.7 Cells. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 27, 2022
Moreover, our results revealed that the autophagy inhibitor, chloroquine, reduces Brucella's intracellular survival. Overall, our data unveil new mechanisms of virulence implicating the effector BtpB in regulating host intracellular infection.
- | chloroquine phosphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Intracellular cholesterol transport inhibition Impairs autophagy flux by decreasing autophagosome-lysosome fusion. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 27, 2022
Our data provide a new insight that the impaired autophagy flux does not necessarily result in lysosomal cholesterol accumulation even though it prevents autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Video abstract.
- | Journal: Unique guanidine-conjugated catechins from the leaves of Alchornea rugosa and their autophagy modulating activity. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 27, 2022
All isolated compounds were tested for autophagosome formation in HEK293 cells stably expressing GFP-LC3. The results revealed that compounds rugonines D-G showed potential autophagy inhibitory activity.
- | Preclinical, Journal: Neuroprotective Mechanism of Icariin on Hypoxic Ischemic Brain Damage in Neonatal Mice. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 26, 2022
Both MPP and PHTPP administration significantly inhibited the expression levels of the ERα and ERβ proteins activated by ICA pretreatment, reversed the neuroprotective effects of ICA pretreatment, inhibited the increase in autophagy induced by ICA pretreatment, and promoted apoptosis. ICA pretreatment may promote autophagy by activating the ERα and ERβ pathways, thus reducing the apoptosis induced by HIBD and exerting a neuroprotective effect on neonatal mice with HIBD.
- | Journal: Knockdown of miR-150-5p reduces hypoxia-induced autophagy and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of endometriotic cells via regulating the PDCD4/NF-κB signaling pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 26, 2022
ICA pretreatment may promote autophagy by activating the ERα and ERβ pathways, thus reducing the apoptosis induced by HIBD and exerting a neuroprotective effect on neonatal mice with HIBD. MiR-150-5p silencing inhibited hypoxia-induced autophagy and EMT of endometriotic cells by regulating the PDCD4/NF-κB signaling pathway.