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- Low Thrombopoietin and Elevated Fas-L Are Independent Predictors of Immune Thrombocytopenia (Halls G-H (San Diego Convention Center)) - Nov 6, 2024 - Abstract #ASH2024ASH_6467;
In conclusion, our study has shown that the combination of two biomarkers in serum may detect more than 90% of cases with active ITP in patients with low platelet counts. Of course, this finding needs to be verified in a larger group, but it could represent an unexpectedly significant step forward in the diagnosis of ITP.
- | dexamethasone / Generic mfg.
Journal: Amplifying protection against acute lung injury: Targeting both inflammasome and cGAS-STING pathway by Lonicerae Japonicae Flos-Forsythiae Fructus drug pair. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 29, 2024
A total of 36 mice were divided into six groups (control, model, LJF, FF, LF, dexamethasone) based on the treatments they received after undergoing sham-operation/LPS tracheal instillation...The combination of LJF and FF increases the therapeutic effect on LPS-induced ALI, which may be mechanistically related to the combined effect inhibition of cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and NOD-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes pathways by LJF and FF. Our study provides new medicine candidates for the clinical treatment of ALI.
- | ciprofloxacin oral / Generic mfg., ampicillin / Generic mfg., erlotinib / Generic mfg.
Journal: Design, spectroscopic characterizations, and biological investigation of oxospiro[chromine-4,3-indolene]-based compounds as promising antiproliferative EGFR inhibitors and antimicrobial agents. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 9, 2024
The in silico molecular docking outcomes of compounds 3b, 4b, 5b, and 6b in the EGFR active site depicted their ability to adopt essential binding interactions compared to the reference Erlotinib. Moreover, the investigation of the physicochemical properties of the most promising dual acting antiproliferative and antimicrobial compounds 4b and 6b through the egg-boiled method illustrated acceptable lipophilicity, GIT absorption, and blood-brain barrier penetration characteristics.
- | Journal: New insights into Gasdermin D pore formation. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 24, 2024
These include availability of activated GSDMD at the PM, control of the number of GSDMD pores by PM repair mechanisms, modulation of the lipid environment and post-translational modifications. Here, we review the latest findings on the mechanisms that induce GSDMD to form membrane pores and how they can be tightly regulated for cell content release and cell fate modulation.
- | Journal, IO biomarker: Non-oxidized and oxidized flaxseed orbitides differently induce HepG2 cell apoptosis: involvement of cellular uptake and membrane death receptor DR4. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 4, 2024
Here, we review the latest findings on the mechanisms that induce GSDMD to form membrane pores and how they can be tightly regulated for cell content release and cell fate modulation. Non-oxidized flaxseed orbitides are more effective against cancer than oxidized flaxseed orbitides due to higher cellular uptake and activation of the DR4-mediated death receptor signaling pathway.
- | Journal, PD(L)-1 Biomarker, IO biomarker: TNF and IFN?-induced cell death requires IRF1 and ELAVL1 to promote CASP8 expression. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 6, 2024
Consequently, ELAVL1 determines death receptors-initiated caspase-8-dependent cell death triggered from stimuli including TNF and TRAIL by regulating basal/stimulated caspase-8 levels. As caspase-8 is a master regulator in cell death and inflammation, these results provide valuable clues for tumor immunotherapy and inflammatory diseases.
- | Journal: Manganese-induced neurological pyroptosis: Unveiling the mechanism through the ROS activaed Caspase-3/GSDME signaling pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 29, 2024
These findings suggested that neuronal pyroptosis induced by Mn exposure may occur through the ROS-stimulated Caspase3-GSDME pathway. Moreover, utilizing inhibitors targeting Caspase3 or ROS may provide protection against Mn-induced toxicity.
- || Review, Journal: Capsaicin: A chili pepper bioactive phytocompound with a potential role in suppressing cancer development and progression. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 4, 2024
Furthermore, capsaicin alone or in combination can promote apoptosis in carcinoma cells by enhancing the p53 and c-Myc gene expressions. In conclusion, capsaicin alone or in combination can have enormous potential for cancer prevention and intervention, but further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of this phytocompound.
- | chloroquine phosphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Sarmentosin Induces Autophagy-dependent Apoptosis via Activation of Nrf2 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 6, 2023
Sarmentosin-induced autophagy was abolished by the autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine, chloroquine, and bafilomycin A1...This study showed sarmentosin stimulated autophagic and caspase-dependent apoptosis in HCC, which required activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of mTOR. Our research supports Nrf2 as a therapeutic target for HCC and sarmentosin as a promising candidate for HCC chemotherapy.
- Biological evaluations of antioxidative, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory effects of pomegranate extract in keratinocytes () - Jul 3, 2023 - Abstract #WCD2023WCD_4310;
Our research supports Nrf2 as a therapeutic target for HCC and sarmentosin as a promising candidate for HCC chemotherapy. Findings from this study provide insights into the skin protective effects including anti-oxidation, anti-glycation and anti-inflammation of PE and its polyphenols supporting their applications as potential bioactive ingredients for cosmeceuticals.
- | Journal: Antileishmanial, cellular mechanisms, and cytotoxic effects of green synthesized zinc nanoparticles alone and in combined with glucantime against Leishmania major infection. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 16, 2023
Triggering of NO production, and inhibition of infectivity rate are revealed as mechanisms of action ZnNPs on L. major. But, supplementary investigations are necessary to clear the efficacy and safety of these agents.
- || Review, Journal: Targeting multifunctional magnetic nanowires for drug delivery in cancer cell death: an emerging paradigm. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 4, 2023
This review does an excellent task of outlining the function of nanowires in both apoptosis induction and targeted drug delivery for cancer cells. A comprehensive summary of the relevance of nanowires synthesised for the purpose of inducing apoptosis in cancer cells has been compiled collectively.
- | Nutlin-3 / EMD Serono
Journal: P-TEFb promotes cell survival upon p53 activation by suppressing intrinsic apoptosis pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 4, 2023
Finally, combination treatments trigger apoptosis of cancer cell spheroids. Together, co-targeting of P-TEFb and suppressors of intrinsic apoptosis could become a viable strategy to eliminate cancer cells.
- RNase L acts as a regeneration suppressor (ePoster Stage 5; Poster Hall space (NS Building)) - Mar 4, 2023 - Abstract #ISID2023ISID_434;
Additionally, these responses are not limited to skin but extend to other organs, such as the colon (n=4, p<0.05), suggesting that suppression of regeneration is a fundamental characteristic of epithelial wound healing. Taken together, this work suggests that RNase L functions as a regeneration repressor gene in a functional tradeoff that limits immune hyper-activation during viral infection at the cost of also inhibiting regeneration.
- || cisplatin / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Icariin: A Promising Natural Product in Biomedicine and Tissue Engineering. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 21, 2023
Moreover, cancer cells no longer grow by halting the cell cycle at two checkpoints, G0/G1 and G2/M, through the inhibition of NF-κB by ICRN. Besides, improving nephrotoxicity occurring due to cisplatin and inhibiting multidrug resistance are the other applications of this biomaterial.
- | Preclinical, Journal: 3-MCPD exposure enhances ovarian fibrosis and reduces oocyte quality in mice. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 18, 2022
Consistent with disrupted ovarian homeostasis, 3-MCPD exposure interfered with mitochondrial function, generated more reactive oxygen species, increased ferrous ion and lipid peroxidation levels, and resulted in decreased oocyte development potential. Collectively, these findings indicated that 3-MCPD exposure induced ovarian inflammation and fibrosis, and caused disorders of mitochondrial function and ferrous ion homeostasis in oocytes, which consequently disturbed follicle maturation and reduced oocyte quality.
- | Journal, IO biomarker: Silver Nanoparticles Exert Apoptotic Activity in Bladder Cancer 5637 Cells Through Alteration of Bax/Bcl-2 Genes Expression. (Pubmed Central) - Oct 18, 2022
Furthermore, AgNPs remarkably stimulated caspase 3,7 activation. In summary, AgNPs can mediate apoptosis in 5637 cells via excessive ROS formation, up-regulating Bax/Bcl-2 expression, and caspase 3,7 activation.
- | Zyclara (imiquimod) / Mochida, Viatris, Bausch Health
Journal: Imiquimod-induced ROS production causes lysosomal membrane permeabilization and activates caspase-8-mediated apoptosis in skin cancer cells. (Pubmed Central) - Oct 12, 2022
IMQ-induced ROS accumulation promotes LMP, releases CTSs into the cytosol, stimulates caspase-8 activation and finally causes lysosomal cell death. Lysosomal cell death and the CTSD/caspase-8 axis may play a crucial role in IMQ-induced cell death.
- | Journal: Kinetic Regulation of the Mammalian Sterile 20-like Kinase 2 (MST2). (Pubmed Central) - Aug 22, 2022
We also show that the phosphorylated, caspase-cleaved MST2 is as active as the full-length one, suggesting that caspase-stimulated activity arises through noncatalytic mechanisms. The kinetic analysis presented here establishes a framework for interpreting how signaling events and post-translational modifications contribute to the signaling of MST2 in vivo.
- | Journal: Role of hypoxia inducible factor 1α in cobalt nanoparticle induced cytotoxicity of human THP-1 macrophages. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 17, 2022
Reducing HIF1αactivity increased the pro-inflammatory activity of tumour necrosis factorαand interleukin 1β,but had no significant impact on cellular cytotoxicity. This suggests that whilst CoNP promotes cytotoxicity and cellular inflammation, the apoptotic mechanism is not dependent on HIF1α.
- TA0953/HM06, a Novel RET-specific Inhibitor Effective in Extracranial and CNS Disease Models of NSCLC with RETfusions (Hall C7) - Jun 24, 2022 - Abstract #IASLCWCLC2022IASLC_WCLC_745;
P1/2
TAS0953/HM06 was more effective than selpercatinib at decreasing CNS disease and extending survival, at a dose that produced comparable suppression of tumor growth in extracranial disease models. TAS0953/HM06 represents a promising new therapeutic option for patients with RET fusions including those with brain metastasis and those resistant to first-generation selective RET inhibitors.
- | cisplatin / Generic mfg., doxorubicin hydrochloride / Generic mfg.
Journal, BRCA Biomarker: Targeting Mechanisms of the DNA Damage Response (DDR) and DNA Repair by Natural Compounds to Improve cAT-Triggered Tumor Cell Death. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 19, 2022
Summarizing, we conclude that SA promotes cAT-driven caspase-dependent cell death by interfering with DSB repair and DDR-related checkpoint control mechanisms. Hence, SA is considered as the most promising lead compound to evaluate its therapeutic window in forthcoming pre-clinical in vivo studies.
- | Preclinical, Journal: Gasdermin E mediates photoreceptor damage by all-trans-retinal in the mouse retina. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 30, 2022
Of note, degeneration and caspase-3 activation in photoreceptors were significantly alleviated in Abca4Rdh8Gsdme mice after exposure to light. The results of this study indicate that GSDME is a common causative factor of both photoreceptor pyroptosis and apoptosis arising from atRAL overload, suggesting that repression of GSDME activation may represent a potential treatment of photoreceptor atrophy in dry AMD and STGD1.
- || Review, Journal: Anti-Eryptotic Activity of Food-Derived Phytochemicals and Natural Compounds. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 9, 2022
The possible diseases associated with eryptosis are various, including anemia, chronic kidney disease, liver failure, diabetes, hypertension, heart failure, thrombosis, obesity, metabolic syndrome, arthritis, and lupus. This review addresses and collates the existing ex vivo and animal studies on the inhibition of eryptosis by food-derived phytochemicals and natural compounds including phenolic compounds (PC), alkaloids, and other substances that could be a therapeutic and/or co-adjuvant option in eryptotic-driven disorders, especially if they are introduced through the diet.
- | temozolomide / Generic mfg.
Journal: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 2-imino-4-thiazolidinones as Potential Antitumor Agents for Glioblastoma. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 1, 2022
Furthermore, 5a, 5l and 5p modulated redox status. These findings suggest that these compounds can be considered as promising lead molecules for further development of potential antitumor agents.
- | Journal: Inhibition of Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 Mediated Apoptosis: A Multimodal Therapeutic Target in Traumatic Brain Injury. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2022
Continued investigation of these processes is anticipated to disclose new Caspase regulatory mechanisms with consequences far beyond apoptotic cell death control. The present review discusses various Caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways and the treatment strategies to inhibit the Caspases potentially.
- | Journal: Sphingosine 1-Phosphate-Upregulated COX-2/PGE System Contributes to Human Cardiac Fibroblast Apoptosis: Involvement of MMP-9-Dependent Transactivation of EGFR Cascade. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 25, 2022
Moreover, S1P-enhanced c-Jun bound to COX-2 promoters on its corresponding binding sites, which was attenuated by these inhibitors of protein kinases, determined by a ChIP assay. These results concluded that transactivation of MMP9/EGFR-mediated PI3K/Akt/MAPKs-dependent AP-1 activity was involved in the upregulation of the COX-2/PGE system induced by S1P, in turn leading to apoptosis in HCFs.
- | Journal: Naringenin inhibits human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) by inducing programmed cell death, caspase stimulation, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and suppresses cancer metastasis. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 8, 2022
Flow cytometric analysis predicted cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase of cell cycle. Further cell migration as well as cell invasion tendency of MDA-MB-231 cells was reduced to minimum upon application of naringenin drug.
- | cisplatin / Generic mfg., fenofibrate / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Fenofibrate reduces cisplatin-induced apoptosis by inhibiting the p53/Puma/Caspase-9 pathway and the MAPK/Caspase-8 pathway rather than by promoting autophagy in murine renal proximal tubular cells. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 8, 2022
Autophagy inhibition using 3-MA further increased basal and cisplatin-induced caspase-3 and -8 activation, but had no influence on the inhibitory effects of fenofibrate on caspase activation. In conclusion, our study suggests fenofibrate to be a candidate agent to mitigate cisplatin nephrotoxicity by inhibiting the mitochondrial and death apoptotic pathways rather than by promoting autophagy.
- | Preclinical, Journal: In Vitro Assays to Study Inflammasome Activation in Primary Macrophages. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 4, 2022
The protocol describes the methods to study the inflammasome pathway using an in vitro assay in primary macrophages. It can be applied to studies investigating the pathway mechanisms and potential therapeutics in the form of inhibitors or activators.
- | aspirin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Pro-apoptotic properties and mitochondrial functionality in platelet-like-particles generated from low Aspirin-incubated Meg-01 cells. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 19, 2022
As conclusions exposure of megakaryocyte to ASA promotes that the newly generated PLPs have, under stimulating condition, higher sensitivity to go into apoptosis than those PLPs generated from Meg-01 cells without ASA. It could be associated with differences in mitochondrial functionality and NO formation.
- | Journal: Acetoacetate is a trigger of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 12, 2022
These findings demonstrate that AcAc can potentially trigger NLRP3 inflammasome activation, resulting in IL-1β secretion, and that these inflammatory responses are suppressed by BHB in bovine PBMCs. In addition, the imbalance between AcAc and BHB with higher levels of IL-1β may be associated with repeat breeding in cattle.
- | Journal: Shigella evades pyroptosis by arginine ADP-riboxanation of caspase-11. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 1, 2022
ADP-riboxanation of caspase-11 paralysed pyroptosis-mediated defence in Shigella-infected mice and mutation of ospC3 stimulated caspase-11- and GSDMD-dependent anti-Shigella humoral immunity, generating a vaccine-like protective effect. Our study establishes ADP-riboxanation of arginine as a bacterial virulence mechanism that prevents LPS-induced pyroptosis.
- | Journal: Regulation of NLRP3 by non-coding RNAs in different cancers: interplay between non-coding RNAs and NLRP3 in carcinogenesis and metastasis. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
Xenografted mice-based studies have also enabled us to develop a better comprehension of interplay between miRNAs, lncRNAs and NLRP3. Hopefully, detailed analysis of contextual regulation of NLRP3 by oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs will be helpful in getting a step closer to the personalized medicine.
- | imatinib / Generic mfg.
Journal, IO biomarker: Fabrication of Imatinib Mesylate-Loaded Lactoferrin-Modified PEGylated Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles for Mitochondrial-Dependent Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 4, 2021
H nuclear magnetic resonance (serum) metabolomics revealed that IMS-LF-LCNPs are capable of regulating the disturbed levels of metabolites linked to HCC triggered through N-nitrosodiethylamine. Therefore, IMS-LF-LCNPs are a potentially effective formulation against HCC.
- || Review, Journal: Pyroptotic and non-pyroptotic effector functions of caspase-11. (Pubmed Central) - Oct 27, 2021
Consequently, the existence of sophisticated mechanisms that tightly regulate the specificity and sensitivity of inflammasome pathways provides a fine-tuning balance between adequate immune response and minimal tissue damage. In this review, we summarize effector functions of caspase-11.
- | Journal: Unexpected PD-L1 immune evasion mechanism in TNBC, ovarian, and other solid tumors by DR5 agonist antibodies. (Pubmed Central) - Oct 27, 2021
Targeting DR5-ROCK1-PD-L1 axis markedly increases immune effector T-cell function, promotes tumor regression, and improves overall survival in animal models. These insights have identified a potential clinically viable combinatorial strategy to revive solid cancer immunotherapy using death receptor agonism.
- | Journal, IO biomarker: The NLRP3 inflammasome mediates liver failure by activating procaspase-1 and pro-IL-1 β and regulating downstream CD40-CD40L signaling. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 24, 2021
This prospective case-control study demonstrated that significant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome occurs in patients with HBV-ACLF. The activated NLRP3 inflammasome mediated liver failure by stimulating procaspase-1 and pro-IL-1 β and regulating downstream CD40-CD40L signaling.
- | Journal, PARP Biomarker: MicroRNA-122 promotes apoptosis of keratinocytes in oral lichen planus through suppressing VDR expression. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 23, 2021
Moreover, VDR overexpression is able to reverse lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or activated CD4+ T cell-induced miR-122 up-regulation and ameliorate miR-122-stimulated caspase 3 activity. Collectively, our results suggest that miR-122 promotes oral keratinocytes apoptosis in OLP through decreasing VDR expression.
- | Journal: Vincamine, a safe natural alkaloid, represents a novel anticancer agent. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 10, 2021
Therefore, we propose that vincamine represents a safe anticancer agent in lung cancer cells. Its role in other cancers has yet to be explored.
- || Review, Journal: Emerging impact of quercetin in the treatment of prostate cancer. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 5, 2021
These kinds of strategies might overcome resistance to apoptosis in cancer cells. In the current paper, we summarize the recent data about the preventive and therapeutic influences of quercetin in prostate cancer.
- ||| Journal, Adverse events: Hydrogen Peroxide Has Adverse Effects on Human Sperm Quality Parameters, Induces Apoptosis, and Reduces Survival. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 29, 2021
HO exposure stimulated activation of caspase 3 and significantly reduced phosphorylated AKT at all concentrations used. HO comprehensively inhibits sperm qualities related to the capacity to fertilize oocyte, stimulates caspase activity, and inhibits cell survival.
- | Journal: A plausible involvement of plasmalemmal voltage-dependent anion channel 1 in the neurotoxicity of 15-deoxy-Δ -prostaglandin J. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 26, 2021
HO comprehensively inhibits sperm qualities related to the capacity to fertilize oocyte, stimulates caspase activity, and inhibits cell survival. These findings suggested that the plasmalemmal VDAC might be involved in the neurotoxicity of 15d-PGJ .
- || Nexavar (sorafenib) / Bayer, Amgen
Clinical, Journal: Pristimerin synergistically sensitizes conditionally reprogrammed patient derived-primary hepatocellular carcinoma cells to sorafenib through endoplasmic reticulum stress and ROS generation by modulating Akt/FoxO1/p27 signaling pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 3, 2021
These findings suggested that the plasmalemmal VDAC might be involved in the neurotoxicity of 15d-PGJ . Our results suggest the use of PRIS as sensitizers of chemotherapy paving the way for innovative and promising targeted chemotherapy-based therapeutic strategies in human HCC.
- [VIRTUAL] NLRP3 inflammasomes contribute to dysregulated sleep and electroencephalogram delta power after mild and moderate TBI in mice () - May 17, 2021 - Abstract #SLEEP2021SLEEP_237;
These effects were evident by significant increased frequencies of waking episodes induced by the TBIs. Conclusion Our findings suggest that NLRP3 inflammasomes contribute to dysregulated sleep occurring acutely or more persistently after TBI.
- || Clinical, Journal: Pristimerin Exacerbates Cellular Injury in Conditionally Reprogrammed Patient-Derived Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells by Aggravating Mitochondrial Impairment and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress through EphB4/CDC42/N-WASP Signaling. (Pubmed Central) - May 15, 2021
The present study also provides mechanistic evidence that PRIS suppressed the EphB4/CDC42/N-WASP signaling pathway, which is required for mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic apoptosis, activation of ER stress, and stimulation of caspase-4 induced by PRIS, and consequently resulting in suppressed cell viability, migration, and angiogenesis in CRLCs. Taken together, by providing a mechanistic insight into the modulation of ER stress-induced cell death in CRLCs by PRIS, we suggest that PRIS has a strong potential of being a new antitumor therapeutic agent with applications in the fields of human lung adenocarcinoma.
- | metformin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Metformin induces caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis in human bladder cancer T24 cells. (Pubmed Central) - May 7, 2021
In conclusion, these results indicate that metformin-induced apoptosis was mediated through AIF-promoted caspase-independent pathways as well as caspase-dependent pathways in T24 cells. As such, metformin could be used as a possible apoptotic agent for the treatment of BC.
- || Review, Journal: Increasing complexity of NLRP3 inflammasome regulation. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 25, 2021
In this review, we summarize the different modes of NLRP3 activation. We describe recent insights into post-translational and cellular regulation that confer further complexity to NLRP3 inflammasomes.
- | 5-fluorouracil / Generic mfg., cisplatin / Generic mfg.
Journal, Cancer stem cells: Broccoli extract increases drug-mediated cytotoxicity towards cancer stem cells of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 25, 2021
We describe recent insights into post-translational and cellular regulation that confer further complexity to NLRP3 inflammasomes. Combining SF allowed lower doses of CIS or 5-FU while enhancing these drug cytotoxicities against HNSCC-CSCs, with minimal effects on healthy cells.
- | doxorubicin hydrochloride / Generic mfg.
Journal: Afrostyrax lepidophyllus Mildbr. and Monodora myristica (Gaertn.) Dunal Extracts Decrease Doxorubicin Cytotoxicity on H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 11, 2021
Measurements of selenium and vitamin C in the extracts revealed higher concentration of both when compared with other Cameroonian spices. Both extracts of A. lepidophyllus and M. myristica were effective against Dox-induced cytotoxicity, most likely due to their content in antioxidants.