- |||||||||| Journal: Neuritogenesis and protective effects activated by Angiotensin 1-7 in astrocytes-neuron interaction. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 16, 2024
In turn, Ang II does not exhibit the same effects on astrocyte modulation, exacerbating deleterious effects on brain RAS. Neuron-astrocyte interactions have been shown to be an integral part of the central effects mediated by RAS, and this study has significantly contributed to the understanding of the biochemical mechanisms involved in the functioning of this system.
- |||||||||| Journal: Ethanol modulates astrocyte activation and neuroinflammation via miR-339/NLRP6 inflammasome signaling. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 16, 2024
Through bioinformatics analyses, Argonaute immunoprecipitation assays, and miR-339 overexpression experiments, we identify NLRP6 as a novel 3'-UTR target of miR-339. Overall, our findings confirmed the involvement of miR-339 in NLRP6 inflammasome signaling and its association with cellular activation and neuroinflammation in human primary astrocytes exposed to ethanol and provide novel insights highlighting a previously unrecognized mechanism in alcohol-induced neuroinflammation.
- |||||||||| Journal: Astrocyte TrkB.T1 deficiency disrupts glutamatergic synaptogenesis and astrocyte-synapse interactions. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 1, 2024
These findings suggest that BDNF/TrkB.T1 signaling in astrocytes is critical for normal excitatory synapse formation in the cortex and that astrocyte TrkB.T1 serves a requisite role in astrocyte synapse interactions. Overall, this work provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of astrocyte-mediated synaptogenesis and may have implications for understanding neurodevelopmental disorders and developing potential therapeutic targets.
- |||||||||| Preclinical, Journal: Hydrogen Sulfide Modulates Astrocytic Toxicity in Mouse Spinal Cord Cultures: Implications for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. (Pubmed Central) - Oct 26, 2024
We found that H2S modulates astrocytes' morphological changes and their phenotypic transformation, exerts toxic properties by decreasing ATP production and the mitochondrial respiration rate, disturbs mitochondrial depolarization, and alters the energetic metabolism. These results further support the hypothesis that H2S is a toxic mediator, mainly released by astrocytes, possibly acting as an autocrine factor toward astrocytes, and probably involved in the non-cell autonomous mechanisms leading to motor neuron death.
- |||||||||| Preclinical, Journal: Glutamatergic and purinergic transmitters and astrocyte modulation in the synaptic transmission in the NTS of rats exposed to short-term sustained hypoxia. (Pubmed Central) - Oct 4, 2024
FCt produced a large increase in the PN frequency discharge in control rats, which was reduced after SH, indicating reduction in the astrocyte modulation after SH. The data shows that a) the bradycardic component of the peripheral chemoreflex is reduced in SH rats after astrocytes inhibition; b) the inhibition of astrocytes in the presence of double antagonists in the NTS affects modulation of baseline duration of expiration in control but not in SH rats, and c) the autonomic and respiratory responses to chemoreflex activation are mediated by glutamatergic and purinergic receptors in the rostral aspect of the caudal commissural NTS.
- |||||||||| Experimental approaches to prevent and to treat symptomatic brain metastases (M1) - Sep 24, 2024 - Abstract #EANO2024EANO_465;
We further reveal that the presence of TIMP1 in liquid biopsies provides a biomarker to select patients for this combined immunotherapy. Overall, our findings demonstrate an unexpected immunomodulatory role for astrocytes in brain metastases with clinical implications.
- |||||||||| Journal: Astrocyte Regulation of Neuronal Function and Survival in Stroke Pathophysiology. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 27, 2024
Furthermore, several astrocyte-secreted molecules regulate synaptic plasticity in response to stroke, allowing for the rewiring of neural circuits to compensate for damaged areas. In this chapter, we highlight the current understanding of the interactions between astrocytes and neurons in response to stroke, explaining the varied mechanisms contributing to injury progression and the potential implications for future therapeutic interventions.
- |||||||||| Task- and Cell-Specific Modulation of Prefrontal Astrocytes on Anxiety-Like Behavior (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_12311;
Moreover, this effect is differentially pronounced across behaviorally tuned neuronal subpopulations on single-cell and network levels. Collectively, our findings suggest a novel homeostatic plasticity mechanism by which prefrontal astrocytes regulate discrete neuronal populations related to anxiety, offering insights into the pathophysiology and potential therapeutic interventions for emotional disorders.KEYWORDSAstrocytes, neurons, medial prefrontal cortex, anxiety-like behavior, excitatory, inhibitory, Ca2+ imaging
- |||||||||| Critical role of normal astrocyte activity in spatial coding of hippocampal place cells (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_8417;
Furthermore, we also found that astrocyte Gq activation impairs object place recognition in mice. Taken together, our study sheds light on the intricate interplay between astrocyte activity and hippocampal place cell properties, emphasizing the importance of astrocytes in spatial cognition.
- |||||||||| Astrocyte Gq Activity Influences Neural Activity During Intracortical Microstimulation (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_4921;
Together these data support the hypothesis that Gq-mediated astrocyte activity during ICMS may contribute to the stabilization or attenuation of neural activity. Overall this study enhances our understanding of the complex cellular dynamics during ICMS and underscores the pivotal role of astrocytes as modulators of stimulation-induced neural activity.
- |||||||||| Activation of astrocytes by pathogenic alpha-synuclein (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_3454;
These data support the hypothesis that ?-syn triggers a significant inflammatory response in astrocytes, and that EVs derived from resveratrol-treated microglia attenuate this activation pathway in astrocytes. We propose to next investigate the microglia EV content and to pursue the use of EVs as a therapeutic approach in aging and neurodegeneration models.
- |||||||||| A phenotypic screening platform for identifying chemical modulators of astrocyte reactivity (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_3139;
Administration of RGFP966, a small molecule HDAC3 inhibitor, blocks reactive astrocyte formation and promotes neuroprotection in vivo in mice. Collectively, these results establish a platform for discovering modulators of reactive astrocyte states, inform the mechanisms that control astrocyte reactivity and demonstrate the therapeutic benefits of modulating astrocyte reactivity for neurodegenerative diseases.
- |||||||||| Fabp7 expression modulates astrocyte response in lps-induced endotoxemia (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_2246;
Moreover, whole transcriptome RNA sequencing analysis from the cortex of LPS-treated mice showed a differential inflammatory transcriptional profile following Fabp7 silencing, with an attenuated NF-kB-mediated response. Together, our results highlight the potential of FABP7 as a target to modulate neuroinflammatory responses in the central nervous system.
- |||||||||| Effect of fatty acid treatment on the inflammatory profile of spinal cord astrocytes (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_1468;
In addition, we explored the effect of lactate dehydrogenase A inhibition in the biology of LD-containing astrocytes and its effcts on astrocyte-motor neuron interaction. Taken together, our results highlight the potential role of LD biology in modulating astrocyte-mediated neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation.
- |||||||||| clozapine / Generic mfg.
Novel insights into astrocyte-neuron interactions in nociceptive processing at the spinal level (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_715; Gq-DREADDs or a control construct were delivered to the lumbar spinal cord of male rats using a viral approach, and selectively activated using clozapine-N-oxide (CNO)...Our discoveries imply that astrocytes might exert diverse effects on synaptic transmission contingent upon the activating stimulus, thus underscoring their pivotal role in maintaining the equilibrium between inhibition and excitation within nociceptive circuits. Through further experiments, including an examination of the astrocytic secretome, we seek to enhance our comprehension of the dynamic interplay between astrocytes and neurons in the processing of pain.
- |||||||||| Visualizing Astrocytic Modulation of Neurotransmitter Signaling Using Synaptic Glutamate Indicator (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_492;
In awake animals performing a reward memory task, we utilize two-photon microscopy to record glutamate transient in the hippocampus CA1 region, receiving input from contralateral CA3 pyramidal neurons. The development and application of this sensor allows us to visualize and record glutamate activity alongside two-photon microscopy, providing insight into the effects of protein compositions, environmental conditions, and neurological disorders on neurotransmitter and neuromodulator dynamic in astrocytes.
- |||||||||| Diversified astrocyte developmental programs are modulated by primary ciliary signaling (MCP Room N426) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_397;
Ultimately, mice with primary ciliary deficient astrocytes show behavioral deficits in sensorimotor function, sociability, learning and memory. Our results uncover a critical role for primary cilia in transmitting local cues that drive the region-specific diversification of astrocytes within the developing brain.
- |||||||||| Modulation of Neurotoxic Reactive Astrogliosis by LRP1 (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_251;
Our results uncover a critical role for primary cilia in transmitting local cues that drive the region-specific diversification of astrocytes within the developing brain. Our findings thus far suggest that astrocyte-LRP1 plays a protective role against age-related brain functional decline by decreasing astrocyte sensitivity to neuroinflammatory stimulation.
- |||||||||| methamphetamine / Generic mfg.
Journal: IL-10 and Cdc42 modulate astrocyte-mediated microglia activation in methamphetamine-induced neuroinflammation. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 28, 2024 By employing a transgenic mouse model that overexpresses IL-10 (pMT-10), we also demonstrate in vivo that IL-10 prevents Meth-induced neuroinflammation. These findings not only enhance our understanding of Meth-related neuroinflammatory mechanisms, but also suggest IL-10 and Cdc42 as putative therapeutic targets for treating Meth-induced neuroinflammation.
- |||||||||| Journal: Astrocyte modulation of synaptic plasticity mediated by activity-dependent Sonic hedgehog signaling. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 25, 2024
Experience-dependent Hevin and SPARC require intact Shh signaling and selective loss of pathway activity in astrocytes occludes experience-dependent structural plasticity. Taken together, these data identify Shh signaling as an activity-dependent, neuronal derived cue that stimulates astrocyte interactions with synapses and promotes synaptic plasticity.
- |||||||||| Irisin attenuates astrocyte activation and rescues memory in Alzheimer model mice (Virtual) - Jun 19, 2024 - Abstract #AAIC2024AAIC_1620;
GDNF overexpression prevented cognitive impairment in treated animals, as they showed no significant differences compared to the SHAM group in the analysed parameters. Our findings support the idea that physiological protection by irisin against synaptotoxic A?Os can be mediated by modulation of astrocyte-derived factors.
- |||||||||| Review, Journal: Astrocyte modulation in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: A promising therapeutic strategy. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 15, 2024
Notably, active components from traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) such as Salvia miltiorrhiza, Ginkgo, and Ginseng exhibit these important pharmacological properties and show promise in the treatment of CIRI. This review highlights the potential of astrocyte-targeted drugs to ameliorate CIRI and categorizes them based on their mechanisms of action, underscoring their therapeutic potential in targeting astrocytes.
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