NLRP3 inhib 
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  • ||||||||||  paclitaxel / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Chemotherapeutic Agent Paclitaxel Mediates Priming of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 10, 2020   
    This suggestion was supported by the observations that paclitaxel treatment caused robust IL-1β production in macrophages in the presence of cell-free medium derived from growth of injured cells and also in the spleen of mice. Collectively, our data strongly indicate that paclitaxel is able to facilitate the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in a certain physiological environment.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  NFAT5 mediates hypertonic stress-induced atherosclerosis via activating NLRP3 inflammasome in endothelium. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 10, 2020   
    Given that surgery inevitably causes oxidative stress and inflammation, the protective effect of Dex on chondrocytes during oxidative stress is noteworthy and warrants further study. Our study identifies NFAT5 as a new and essential transcription factor that is required for the early activation of NLRP3-inflammasome-mediated endothelium innate immunity, contributing to the formation of atherosclerosis under hypertonic stress induction.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Nonlinear dose-time-response functions and health-protective exposure limits for inflammation-mediated diseases. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 10, 2020   
    Key conclusions are that (i) For RCS, but not asbestos, limiting average (TWA) exposure concentrations also tightly constrains internal doses and ability to trigger chronic inflammation and resulting increases in disease risks (ii) For asbestos, excursions (i.e., spikes in concentrations); and especially the times between them are crucial drivers of internal doses and time until chronic inflammation; and hence (iii) These dynamic aspects of exposure, which are not addressed by current occupational safety regulations, should be constrained to better protect worker health. Adjusting permissible average exposure concentration limits (PELs) and daily excursion limits (ELs) is predicted to have little impact on reducing mesothelioma risks, but increasing the number of days between successive excursions is predicted to be relatively effective in reducing worker risks, even if it has little or no impact on TWA average concentrations.
  • ||||||||||  Ocuvia (elamipretide) / Stealth BioTherapeutics
    Preclinical, Journal:  Elamipretide Attenuates Pyroptosis and Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders in Aged Mice. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 10, 2020   
    Remarkably, treatment with the mitochondrial-targeted peptide elamipretide not only had protective effects against mitochondrial dysfunction but also attenuated surgery-induced pyroptosis and cognitive deficits. Our results provide a promising strategy for the treatment of PND involving mitochondrial dysfunction and pyroptosis.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  NLRP3 Blockade Suppresses Pro-Inflammatory and Pro-Angiogenic Cytokine Secretion in Diabetic Retinopathy. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 10, 2020   
    Our results suggest NLRP3 inflammasome as the potential cross-point between inflammation and pro-angiogenesis in DR and support the effectiveness of NLRP3-targeted shRNA administrated by intravitreal injection in animal models of DR. The protective effect of NLRP3-targeted shRNA may stem from the inhibition of both pro-inflammatory cytokines and HIF-1α/VEGF axis.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Autophagy and Inflammatory Diseases. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 8, 2020   
    It is found that the aberrant autophagy is closely related to inflammatory diseases, including infections, adaptive immune-associated inflammation and inflammatory bowel disease. Autophagy plays critical roles in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, the clearance of bacterial and viral infections and what is more, the function of adaptive immune cells.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Autophagy and Immune-Related Diseases. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 8, 2020   
    It also plays a key role in the development of viral hepatitis. Therefore, autophagy might be a promising regulatory target for the treatment of immune-related diseases.
  • ||||||||||  Preclinical, Journal:  Txnip mediates glucocorticoid-activated NLRP3 inflammatory signaling in mouse microglia. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 5, 2020   
    Our results suggest that chronic corticosterone treatment upregulates Txnip and increases Txnip-NLRP3 binding, which activates NLRP3 inflammasome, resulting in activation of caspase-1 and in further releasing of interleukin-1β. It is therefore likely that Txnip-activated NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to corticosterone-caused neuroinflammation.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  The zebrafish NLRP3 inflammasome has functional roles in ASC-dependent interleukin-1β maturation and gasdermin E-mediated pyroptosis. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 5, 2020   
    By knocking down DrNLRP3 in zebrafish embryos and generating a DrASC-knockout (DrASC fish clone, we characterized the function of the DrNLRP3 inflammasome in anti-bacterial immunity in vivo The results of our study disclosed the origin of the NLRP3 inflammasome in teleost fish, providing a cross-species understanding of the evolutionary history of inflammasomes. Our findings also indicate that the NLRP3 inflammasome may coordinate inflammatory cytokine processing and secretion through a GSDME-mediated pyroptotic pathway, uncovering a previously unrecognized regulatory function of NLRP3 in both inflammation and cell pyroptosis.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Modulatory Mechanisms of the NLRP3 Inflammasomes in Diabetes. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 4, 2020   
    The diversity of an individual's gut microbiome and the resultant microbial metabolites determines the extent of their involvement in the physiological and pathological mechanisms within the gut. As such, further study of the interaction between the NLRP3 inflammasome and the complex intestinal environment in disease development is warranted to discover novel therapies for the treatment of diabetes.
  • ||||||||||  Ilaris (canakinumab) / Novartis
    [VIRTUAL] Clonal hematopoiesis, cardiovascular risk and autoimmune diseases - new connections (Osaka) -  Sep 3, 2020 - Abstract #DGHO2020DGHO_429;    
    The Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study (CANTOS) study underlines the clinical relevance of this finding...Novel insights on the role of the innate immunity in patients with CHIP closes the gap between the biology of myeloid neoplasms, SIAMs and other inflammatory conditions, including CVD. Novel treatment options may emerge that abrogate the common, inflammatory, seeding ground for disease evolution.
  • ||||||||||  Nourianz (istradefylline) / Kyowa Hakko Kirin
    Preclinical, Journal:  Inactivation of endothelial adenosine receptor 2A protects mice from cerebral ischemia-induced brain injury. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 2, 2020   
    Our data demonstrate for the first time that endothelial Adora2a inactivation mitigates ischemic brain injury and improves post-stroke outcomes, at least partially, through its anti-inflammatory effects via blockage of Nlrp3 inflammasome activity. Our findings may open a new avenue for vascular protection following an ischemic stroke.
  • ||||||||||  Journal, IO Biomarker:  Cellular senescence induced by S100A9 in mesenchymal stromal cells through NLRP3 inflammasome activation. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 1, 2020   
    Our study demonstrated that S100A9 promotes cellular senescence of bone marrow stromal cells via TLR4, NLRP3 inflammasome formation, and IL-1β secretion for its effects. Our findings deepen the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in MDS reprogramming of MSCs and indicated the essential role of S100A9 in tumor-environment interactions in bone marrow.
  • ||||||||||  hydroxychloroquine / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Hydroxychloroquine inhibits IL-1β production from amyloid-stimulated human neutrophils. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 1, 2020   
    Treatment with HCQ was associated with impaired production of IL-1β in SAA-stimulated human neutrophils without affecting the priming process of the NLRP3 inflammasome such as pro-IL-1β or NLRP3 induction. These findings suggest that HCQ affects the NLRP3 activation process, resulting in the impaired IL-1β production in human neutrophils, as representative innate immune cells.
  • ||||||||||  metformin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  The anti-periodontitis action of metformin via targeting NLRP3 inflammasome. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 1, 2020   
    These data clearly indicate that MR and NLRP3 activation contribute to diabetes-associated vascular dysfunction and pro-inflammatory phenotype. Our study provided novel insights into the anti-inflammatory effects of metformin against NLRP3 inflammasome activity, which could potentially be used for the prevention and treatment of P. gingivalis-related periodontal diseases.