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- azathioprine orodispersible / Generic mfg.
Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies Several Variants Associated with Immune Deficiency, Inflammasomopathy and Non-Ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy in a Complex Case of Acquired Generalized Lipodystrophy (ENDOExpo, Booth 1225) - Apr 1, 2020 - Abstract #ENDO2020ENDO_3797;
As we are yet beginning to understand the molecular mechanisms behind the so-called "acquired fat loss" and its relation to inflammatory and complex immune system diseases, further efforts are critical to better recognize different AGL phenotypes and phenotype-genotype correlations. Additional efforts should be placed on WES for AGL patients and functional validation of identified VUSs.
- Broad Spectrum Effects of a Ketogenic Diet Delivered by Remote Continuous Care on Inflammation and Immune Modulators in Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes (ENDOExpo) - Apr 1, 2020 - Abstract #ENDO2020ENDO_3789;
CRP reductions were nonetheless significant in T2D/CCI statin users, suggesting added benefit of the WFKD. We conclude that improvements in IMs induced by a combination of nutritional ketosis and weight loss contribute to the beneficial effects of the CCI in the management of T2D.
- | Review, Journal: Exogenous nanoparticles and endogenous crystalline molecules as danger signals for the NLRP3 inflammasomes. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
Moreover, many regulatory mechanisms have been identified to attenuate NLRP3 inflammasomes. Therefore, we also summarize endogenous negative regulators of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, particularly induced by NAMPs or crystalline DAMPs.
- | Journal: Repression of TXNIP-NLRP3 axis restores intestinal barrier function via inhibition of myeloperoxidase activity and oxidative stress in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
Taken together, our findings demonstrated that inhibited the activation of the TXNIP-NLRP3 axis reduced MPO activity and oxidative stress and thus restoring the intestinal barrier function in NASH. TXNIP-NLRP3 axis may be a promising therapeutic strategy for the NASH treatment.
- | Journal: Laurus nobilis leaf extract controls inflammation by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
Furthermore, L. nobilis leaf extract attenuated the in vivo expression of proinflammatory cytokines in an acute lung injury mouse model. Our results provide the first evidence that L. nobilis leaf extract modulates inflammatory signaling by suppressing inflammasome activation.
- | Journal: Purple sweet potato color attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome by inducing autophagy to delay endothelial senescence. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
Altogether, PSPC amplified cellular autophagy, subsequently attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome activity and finally delayed endothelial senescence to ameliorate cardiovascular complication. These results suggest a potential therapeutic target in senescence-related cardiovascular diseases.
- | Bay11-7082 / InvivoGen
Preclinical, Journal: Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome attenuates spinal cord injury-induced lung injury in mice. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
In brief, our results showed that, NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor BAY 11-7082 or A438079 inhibited activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction, the number of macrophage and neutrophil, thereby attenuating alveolar type II cell apoptosis, lung edema, and histological injury. Taken together, our data reveal that NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor BAY 11-7082 or A438079 attenuates the inflammatory response, reverses mitochondrial dysfunction, and subsequently alleviates secondary lung injury following SCI.
- || Clinical, Journal: Increased neutrophil extracellular traps activate NLRP3 and inflammatory macrophages in adult-onset Still's disease. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
Taken together, our data reveal that NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor BAY 11-7082 or A438079 attenuates the inflammatory response, reverses mitochondrial dysfunction, and subsequently alleviates secondary lung injury following SCI. These findings implicate accelerated NET formation in AOSD pathogenesis through activation of NLRP3 and proinflammatory macrophages, and identify a novel link between neutrophils and macrophages by NET formation in AOSD.
- | Journal: AT-533, a Hsp90 inhibitor, attenuates HSV-1-induced inflammation. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
Furthermore, AT-533 inhibited the cleavage of pro-IL-1β to mature IL-1β in NLRP3 independent manner. In sum, AT-533 may be a promising therapeutic strategy in HSV-1-infected inflammation management.
- | clomipramine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Involvement of the microglial NLRP3 inflammasome in the anti-inflammatory effect of the antidepressant clomipramine. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
In sum, AT-533 may be a promising therapeutic strategy in HSV-1-infected inflammation management. These results imply that clomipramine could attenuate depressive behaviors and neuroinflammation induced by LPS via partial regulation of NLRP3.
- | Journal: Complement Membrane Attack Complexes Assemble NLRP3 Inflammasomes Triggering IL-1 Activation of IFN-γ-Primed Human Endothelium. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
In response to antibody-mediated complement activation, IFN-γ-primed human ECs internalize MAC, triggering both endosomal-associated NIK-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and IL-1 synthesis, resulting in autocrine/paracrine IL-1β-mediated increases in EC immunogenicity. Similar responses may underlie other complement-mediated pathologies.
- | Journal: Up-regulation of FOXO1 and reduced inflammation by β-hydroxybutyric acid are essential diet restriction benefits against liver injury. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
Exogenous BHB administration or histone deacetylase inhibitor administration into the control fed mice ameliorated liver IRI, while FOXO1 inhibitor administration to the 12-h fasting group exacerbated liver IRI. The 12-h fasting exerted beneficial effects on the prevention of liver IRI by increasing BHB, thus up-regulating FOXO1 and HO-1, and by reducing the inflammatory responses and apoptotic cell death via the down-regulation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome.
- | Journal: Schnitzler's syndrome - a novel hypothesis of a shared pathophysiologic mechanism with Waldenström's disease. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
While this presumed link between interleukin-1 and the monoclonal gammopathy is not yet elucidated, a mutual factor in pathophysiology however seems likely. Here we present a novel hypothesis of a shared pathophysiologic mechanism between Schitzler's syndrome and monoclonal gammopathy.
- | Kineret (anakinra) / SOBI, Affibody, digoxin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Inflammasome inhibition blocks cardiac glycoside cell toxicity. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
Our results inform on the molecular mechanism by which the inflammasome integrates the diverse signals that activate it through secondary signals like cation flux. Furthermore, this mechanism suggests a contribution of the inflammasome to the toxicity and adverse events associated with cardiac glycosides use in humans, and that targeted anti-inflammatories could provide an additional adjunct therapeutic countermeasure.
- | Tamoxis (tamoxifen) / Bioprofarma
Journal: Tamoxifen-induced, intestinal-specific deletion of Slc5a6 in adult mice leads to spontaneous inflammation: Involvement of NF-kB, NLRP3, and gut microbiota. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
Notably, administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics reduced lethality and led to normalization of intestinal inflammation, pro-inflammatory cytokines, altered mucosal integrity, and reduced expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Overall, these findings support our conclusion that the biotin transport pathway plays an important role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, and that NF-κB, the NLRP3 inflammasome, as well as gut microbiota drive the development of intestinal inflammation when SMVT is absent.
- | allopurinol / Generic mfg.
Journal: Pathogenic role of innate immunity in a model of chronic NO inhibition associated with salt overload. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
Adult male Munich-Wistar rats that received l-NAME in drinking water with salt overload (HS + N group) were treated with allopurinol (ALLO) as an NLRP3 inhibitor (HS + N + ALLO group) or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) as an NF-κB inhibitor (HS + N + PDTC group)...Overall, PDTC promoted a more efficient anti-inflammatory and nephroprotective effect than ALLO. The NLRP3/IL-1β and TLR4/NF-κB pathways act in parallel to promote renal injury/inflammation and must be simultaneously inhibited for best nephroprotection.
- | digoxin / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Digoxin improves steatohepatitis with differential involvement of liver cell subsets in mice through inhibition of PKM2 transactivation. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
Thus, oral digoxin showed potential to therapeutically inhibit liver injury in NASH through the regulation of PKM2-HIF1a pathway activation with involvement of multiple cell types. Due to the large clinical experience with oral digoxin this may have significant clinical applicability in human NASH.
- | Journal: NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediates White Adipose Tissue Browning After Burn. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
These results suggest that NLRP3 has anti-browning effects and that blocking NLRP3 increases thermogenesis and augments browning via increased levels of IL-6. Our findings provide insights into targeting innate inflammatory systems for regulation of adaptive thermogenesis, a critical response after burns and other hypermetabolic conditions.
- | Journal: Curcumin relieves paraquat‑induced lung injury through inhibiting the thioredoxin interacting protein/NLR pyrin domain containing 3‑mediated inflammatory pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
Curcumin significantly attenuated the upregulation of Notch1 without affecting ERK1/2 phosphorylation. The present findings suggested that the inhibitory effects of curcumin on TXINP1 may inhibit activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, subsequently suppressing the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and ultimately improving PQ‑induced ALI.
- | Journal: DDX3X acts as a live-or-die checkpoint in stressed cells by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
Our findings suggest that macrophages use the availability of DDX3X to interpret stress signals and choose between pro-survival stress granules and pyroptotic ASC specks. Together, our data demonstrate the role of DDX3X in driving NLRP3 inflammasome and stress granule assembly, and suggest a rheostat-like mechanistic paradigm for regulating live-or-die cell-fate decisions under stress conditions.
- | Journal: Nickel-refining fumes induce NLRP3 activation dependent on mitochondrial damage and ROS production in Beas-2B cells. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
Ni-refining fumes caused significant cytotoxicity, inflammation and mitochondrial damage in Beas-2B cells. The present study thus provides experimental support for the hypothesis that Ni-refining fumes cause inflammation by inducing ROS production in Beas-2B cells.
- | Journal: Downregulation of FSTL‑1 attenuates the inflammation injury during Streptococcus pneumoniae infection by inhibiting the NLRP3 and TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
In addition, it was found that the Toll‑like receptor 4/nuclear factor‑κB signaling pathway was involved in the inflammatory response regulated by FSTL‑1. The findings of the present study suggested that FSTL‑1 plays an important role in the inflammatory response during S. pneumoniae infection, providing a potential therapeutic target for reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with pneumonia.
- | Journal: Resveratrol inhibits high-glucose-induced inflammatory "metabolic memory" in human retinal vascular endothelial cells through SIRT1-dependent signaling. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
In addition, high glucose reduced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and retained during the 4 days of the reversal period of culture. The effects of resveratrol were abrogated after co-treatment with the SIRT1 inhibitor nicotinamide and the AMPK inhibitor compound C. In conclusion, resveratrol was able to reverse high-glucose-induced inflammation "metabolic memory" of HRVECs by activation of the SIRT1/AMPK/NF-κB pathway.
- |||| inzomelid (IZD174) / Inflazome
Inzomelid, a selective, orall small molecule inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome, has been tested in a phase I trial of CAPS (Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndrome) https://t.co/8gO63xO9bC (Twitter) - Mar 31, 2020
- | Preclinical, Journal: Drp1, a potential therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease, is involved in olfactory bulb pathological alteration in the Rotenone-induced rat model. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
Furthermore, Mdivi-1(a selective Drp1 inhibitor) markedly ameliorated the morphologic disruptions of mitochondria and Drp1 translocation, inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB, eventually blocked the downstream pathway of the NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β axis and expression of iNOS. Overall, these findings suggest that Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission induces NF-κB nuclear translocation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation that may further contribute to olfactory bulb disturbances.
- | Preclinical, Journal: Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides protected against ethanol-induced acute liver injury in vivo and in vitro via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2020
In vitro experiments indicated that DOP increased the LO cell viability; prevented LDH release prominently; reduced the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α; and reversed the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, caspase 1, NLRP3, p-NF-κB, and TLR4. Overall, DOP can alleviate ethanol-induced acute liver injury via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
- | Journal: Does glycaemic control modulate the impairment of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in type 2 diabetes? (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2020
Our data also suggest negative correlations between HbA1c levels and NLRP3 protein expression, IL-12, caspase 1 and IL-1β mRNA expression. Our findings lead us to raise the hypothesis of an association between poor glycaemic control in T2D and an impairment of the NLRP3 inflammasome, suggesting that glycaemic control plays an important role in the immune response of diabetic subjects.
- | Journal: Inflammasome and cytokine expression profiling in experimental periodontitis in the integrin β6 null mouse. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2020
Another significant difference between the Itgb6 and WT mice was that mRNA expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased in ligatured WT mice but reduced in the Itgb6 mice. In conclusion, αvβ6 integrin in junctional epithelium of the gingiva appears to positively regulate the expression of the AIM2 inflammasome and anti-inflammatory IL-10, thus providing protection against periodontal inflammation.
- | Journal, IO Biomarker: Loss of RIP3 initiates annihilation of high-fat diet initialized nonalcoholic hepatosteatosis: A mechanism involving Toll-like receptor 4 and oxidative stress. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2020
In contrast, blocking Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling abrogated RIP3 knockdown-reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammatory response and lipid deposition in PAL-stimulated cells. Taken together, the present study helped to elucidate how HFD-induced hepatic steatosis was regulated by RIP3, via the TLR-4/NF-κB and Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathways.
- | A-967079 / AbbVie
Journal: Roles of TRPA1 and TRPV1 in Cigarette Smoke -induced Airway Epithelial Cell Injury Model. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2020
Alveolar epithelial (A549) cells and bronchial epithelial (Beas-2B) cells were treated with CSE in the presence and absence of a TRPA1 inhibitor (100 μM, A967079), a TRPV1 inhibitor (100 μM, AMG9810) or both...They also prevented the changes in mitochondrial fission and fusion proteins and in MRC complexes activities induced by CSE. Both TRPA1 and TRPV1 mediate CSE-induced damage of airway and alveolar epithelial cells via modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation and mitochondrial damage and their inhibition should be considered as potential therapy for COPD.
- | Preclinical, Journal: Macrophage β2-Integrins Regulate IL-22 by ILC3s and Protect from Lethal Citrobacter rodentium-Induced Colitis. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2020
β2-integrin expression on macrophages is mechanistically linked to Rac1/ROS-mediated induction of noncanonical-NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3) inflammasome-dependent IL-1β production, which promotes ILC3-derived IL-22. Therefore, β2-integrins are required for protective IL-1β-dependent IL-22 responses in colitis, and the identified mechanism may underlie the association of human LAD1 with colitis.
- | Preclinical, Journal: Conjugated Linoleic Acid Ameliorates High fructose-induced Hyperuricemia and Renal Inflammation in Rats via NLRP3 Inflammasome and TLR4 Signaling Pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2020
Its molecular mechanism may be related to the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome and TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway. Therefore, CLA may be a promising candidate for preventing fructose-induced hyperuricemia and renal inflammation.
- | Journal: Double-stranded RNA is a novel molecular target in osteomyelitis pathogenesis: a translational avian model for human bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2020
NLRP3 inflammasome and its components are also activated in bone from BCO chickens and humans with osteomyelitis, compared to their healthy counterparts. These findings provide a rationale for the use of chicken BCO as a human-relevant spontaneous animal model for osteomyelitis, and identify dsRNA as a new treatment target for this debilitating bone pathogenesis.
- | Review, Journal: Methanogenic Archaea: Emerging Partners in the Field of Allergic Diseases. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2020
At the subcellular level, methanogenic Archaea are activators of the TLR8-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome, modulate the release of antimicrobial peptides and drive the production of proinflammatory, Th-1, Th-2, and Th-17 cytokines. Our objective was to introduce the most recent and major pieces of evidence supporting the involvement of Archaea in the balance between health and dysimmune diseases, with a particular focus on atopic and allergic conditions.
- | Preclinical, Journal: Dexmedetomidine inhibits the NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome to attenuate papain-induced osteoarthritis in rats. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2020
p65 in the nucleus of Dex groups was significantly down-regulated than that of OA group (p < 0.05). Discussion and Dex can improve pain symptoms and cartilage tissue damage of OA rats, which may be related to its inhibition of the activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome.
- || Review, Journal: ER Stress Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome: A Novel Mechanism of Atherosclerosis. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2020
Both ER stress and the NLRP3 inflammasome have emerged as critical individual contributors of AS, and owing to the multiple associations between these two events, we speculate that they contribute to the mechanisms of pathogenesis in AS. In this review, we aim to summarize the molecular mechanisms of ER stress, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and the cross talk between these two pathways in AS in the hopes of providing new pharmacological targets for AS treatment.
- || Review, Journal: Heme oxygenase-1/carbon monoxide as modulators of autophagy and inflammation. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2020
The interplay between mitochondrial autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the regulation and resolution of inflammation may make important contributions to the protection afforded by HO-1/CO in cellular and organ injury models. Recent studies have continued to explore the potential of CO for clinical applications.
- | Bay11-7082 / InvivoGen, CH-223191 / BMS
Journal: ROS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome priming and activation mediate PCB 118- induced pyroptosis in endothelial cells. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2020
These data suggest that PCB 118 exposure induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequently leads to pyroptosis in endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. AhR-mediated ROS production play a central role in PCB 118-induced pyroptosis by priming NFκB-dependent NLRP3 expression and promoting inflammasome activation.
- | Journal: Phloretin ameliorates hyperuricemia-induced chronic renal dysfunction through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and uric acid reabsorption. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2020
AhR-mediated ROS production play a central role in PCB 118-induced pyroptosis by priming NFκB-dependent NLRP3 expression and promoting inflammasome activation. Phloretin could effectively attenuate UA-induced renal injury via co-inhibiting NLRP3 and UA reabsorption, and thus it might be a potential therapy to hyperuricemia-related renal diseases.
- | Preclinical, Journal: Electroacupuncture preconditioning attenuates acute myocardial ischemia injury through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in mice. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 28, 2020
Phloretin could effectively attenuate UA-induced renal injury via co-inhibiting NLRP3 and UA reabsorption, and thus it might be a potential therapy to hyperuricemia-related renal diseases. EAP inhibits the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, promotes M2 polarization of macrophages and reduces the recruitment of neutrophils in damaged myocardium, thereby decreases the infarct size and improves the cardiac function.
- || Review, Journal: Involvement of Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain-Like Receptor Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 Inflammasome in the Pathogenesis of Liver Diseases. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 28, 2020
In this review, we provide a straightforward overview of NLRP3 inflammasome as well as several frequent liver diseases. We then discuss the contribution and regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome during the pathogenesis of liver diseases, which may provide an important indication for the prevention and treatment of various liver diseases.
- | Inflammasomes, NLRP3 - this is familiar territory to those who follow autoinflammatory diseases cc @canna_lab @AAlliance_SAID @GrantSchulert (Twitter) - Mar 27, 2020
- | Journal: Liraglutide ameliorates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis activation via mitophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 26, 2020
Mitophagy inhibition with 3-methyladenine/PINK1-directed siRNA weakened the liraglutide-mediated suppression of inflammatory injury. We propose that liraglutide suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis via mitophagy to slow the progression of NASH.
- The Nod-Like Receptor Family, Pyrin-Containing 3 (NLRP3) a Biological Target for Mood Disorders () - Mar 25, 2020 - Abstract #ISBD2020ISBD_176;
It is critically important to understand whether the involvement of inflammasome activation happens in early years of development. Thus, providing novel biologically-based knowledge for disease classification in youth with a diagnosis of mood disorders (either BD or MDD), ultimately promoting better care for patients and use of different therapeutic strategies ultimately leading to a more efficient treatment and prevention of disease progression.
- escitalopram / Generic mfg., celecoxib oral / Generic mfg.
Neuroinflammatory Markers in Bipolar Disorders: Biomarkers and Treatment Approaches () - Mar 25, 2020 - Abstract #ISBD2020ISBD_175;
Abnormalities in these biomarkers distinguish TRBDD subjects. The proceedings of this symposium may lead to some potential neuroinflammatory biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BD.
- | Journal: Sirtuin regulation of NLRP3. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 25, 2020
The proceedings of this symposium may lead to some potential neuroinflammatory biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BD. No abstract available
- | Journal: Manganese activates NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and propagates exosomal release of ASC in microglial cells. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 24, 2020
We also observed that welders exposed to manganese-containing fumes had plasma exosomes that contained more ASC than did those from a matched control group. Together, these results suggest that the divalent metal manganese acts as a key amplifier of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and exosomal ASC release.
- || Clinical, Journal: Polymorphisms in the NFkB, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-18 pathways are associated with response to anti-TNF therapy in Danish patients with inflammatory bowel disease. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 24, 2020
Our multi-SNP model predicted response rate of more than 82% (in 9% of the CD patients) and 75% (in 15% of the UC patients), compared to 71% and 64% in all CD and UC patients, respectively. More studies are warranted to predict response for use in the clinic.
- | doxorubicin hydrochloride / Generic mfg.
Journal, IO Biomarker: Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Inhibit Doxorubicin Induced TLR4-NLRP3 Mediated Cell Death - Pyroptosis. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 24, 2020
Furthermore, our cytokine array data suggests increased anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-9 and IL-13) and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines (Fas ligand, IL-12 and TNF-α) in ES-Exos, suggesting that anti-inflammatory cytokines might be mediating the protective effects of ES-Exos. In conclusion, our data shows that Dox induces pyroptotic cell death in the H9c2 cell culture model, and is attenuated via treatment with ES-Exos.
- | Journal: The protective effects of orexin a against high glucose-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in human vascular endothelial cells. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 24, 2020
We confirmed via real-time PCR and Western blot analysis that orexin A suppressed the production of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Additionally, through SIRT1 knockdown siRNA experimentation, we confirmed that SIRT1 knockdown abolishes the effects of orexin A described above, thereby indicating a critical role of SIRT in the capacity of orexin A to ameliorate high glucose-induced oxidative stress and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.