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  • ||||||||||  flurbiprofen / Generic mfg.
    Retrospective data, Journal:  Preoperative flurbiprofen diminishes the rate of reoperation after free flap reconstruction: A retrospective study. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 11, 2026   
    In the future, diagnostics of NOA networks and transcription factors involved in tumor tissue addiction may be as valuable for therapy selection as histological/molecular genetic tumor typing for the establishment of personalized hematology/oncology. PSM was achieved, and preoperative flurbiprofen was found to diminish the reoperation rate (P
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Tobacco heating product aerosol triggers PKC-dependent eryptosis: biochemical insights. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 9, 2026   
    These findings demonstrate that HTPE, but not e-CigE, triggers eryptosis through a calcium- and PKC-dependent mechanism involving PGE2-mediated calcium entry, cytoskeletal destabilisation and calpain activity, independently of oxidative stress or caspase activation. Overall, our results provide mechanistic evidence that HTPE exposure compromises erythrocyte integrity and caution against considering tobacco heating products as inherently safe alternatives to conventional cigarettes.
  • ||||||||||  aspirin / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Therapeutic effect and mechanism of different doses of aspirin on preterm delivery in pregnant mice. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 6, 2026   
    These findings highlight the multifunctional nature of the synthesized chemosensors, suggesting their potential applicability not only in metal ion sensing but also in anticancer research. Aspirin may ameliorate preterm birth by up-regulating TLR4/NF-?B pathway, laying theoretical basis for aspirin clinical application in preterm birth.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Pyrazole Derivatives as Selective COX-2 Inhibitors: An Updated Review. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 26, 2026   
    This article provides a comprehensive overview of new pyrazole derivatives synthesis and inhibitory activity against COX-2 for the past 5 years. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) and docking insights from this article could be helpful for the medicinal chemist in the development of next-generation COX-2 inhibitors.
  • ||||||||||  celecoxib oral / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Iguratimod suppresses volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying anion channels via arachidonic acid accumulation. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 26, 2026   
    Notably, celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, also significantly suppressed these currents...These findings suggest that iguratimod increases free arachidonic acid levels by inhibiting COX-2 during osmotic cell swelling, thereby suppressing VSOR Cl- channel activity. This suppression of VSOR Cl- channel activity may present one of the mechanisms through which iguratimod exerts its anti-inflammatory effects in rheumatic diseases.
  • ||||||||||  aspirin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Circulating S100A8/A9 drives faster platelet COX-1 recovery via MRP4, impairing the duration of aspirin response. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 24, 2026   
    During immune inflammation, reflected by high circulating S100A8/A9, once-daily aspirin may incompletely inhibit COX-1 due to miR-21-5p downregulation, higher megakaryocyte/platelet MRP4 expression, COX-1 upregulation driving platelet activation, and c-miR-21-5p release. Circulating S100A8/A9 and miR-21-5p can serve as biomarkers for patients with shorter duration of aspirin effect over 24 hours and potential targets to optimize antiplatelet therapy for high-risk patients.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, P3 data, Retrospective data, Journal, Circulating tumor DNA:  Predictive Role of Circulating Tumor DNA in Stage III Colon Cancer Treated With Celecoxib: A Post Hoc Analysis of the CALGB (Alliance)/SWOG 80702 Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 19, 2026   
    P3
    Observational studies have associated use of aspirin and selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors with decreased recurrence and improved survival in patients with colon cancer...This was a post hoc analysis of the phase 3 Cancer and Leukemia Group B (now Alliance)/Southwest Oncology Group 80702 randomized clinical trial (2010-2015) assessing adjuvant celecoxib vs placebo and 3 vs 6 months of adjuvant 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin for stage III colon cancer...The findings of this post hoc analysis suggest that ctDNA status has the potential to inform clinical decision-making among patients with stage III colon cancer who should consider adjuvant celecoxib in addition to conventional chemotherapy. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01150045.
  • ||||||||||  aspirin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Circulating MRP8/14 drives faster platelet COX-1 recovery via MRP4 impairing the duration of aspirin response. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 13, 2026   
    During immune-inflammation, reflected by high circulating MRP8/14, once-daily aspirin may incompletely inhibit COX-1 due to miR-21-5p downregulation, higher megakaryocyte/platelet MRP4 expression, COX-1 upregulation driving platelet activation and circulating miR-21-5p release. Circulating MRP8/14 and miR-21-5p can serve as biomarkers for patients with shorter duration of aspirin effect over 24 hours and potential targets to optimize antiplatelet therapy for high-risk patients.
  • ||||||||||  indomethacin / Generic mfg., ibuprofen / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Contemporary Management Strategies for Patent Ductus Arteriosus. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 13, 2026   
    In the past, surgical ligations or cyclooxygenase inhibitor medications were used to close the PDA. Transcatheter PDA closure is one alternative treatment for this population because comorbidities linked to the PDA have increased with improved survival of extremely preterm newborns.
  • ||||||||||  indomethacin / Generic mfg., ibuprofen / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Enteral feeding during cyclooxygenase inhibitor treatment for patent ductus arteriosus: A systematic review. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 10, 2026   
    This review contributes to the understanding of current strategies to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of naproxen and highlights potential areas for future research. Neither discontinuation nor continuation of enteral feeding significantly affected the composite gastrointestinal outcome and its components (NEC and gastrointestinal perforation).
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Liposomes from red betel (Piper crocatum) extract: A new approach in the delivery of anti-inflammatory drugs. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 3, 2026   
    Their ability to modulate inflammation at the molecular level and deliver agents to specific sites demonstrates strong potential for therapeutic and preservative applications. Piper crocatum liposomal formulations offer a stable and effective delivery system for inflammation-related therapies, supporting further investigation into their clinical and pharmaceutical applications.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Population developmental hazard of over-the-counter NSAIDs. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 29, 2026   
    After gestational week 20, NSAIDs could be ingested with caution and withdrawn at gestational week 32, since they may induce constriction of the ductus arteriosus and affect renal function. The only exception is low-dose of aspirin, ingestion of which should be stopped one week before delivery with epidural anesthesia or could be prolonged until the end of pregnancy in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome.
  • ||||||||||  naproxen / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Concomitant COX-1 and COX-2 suppression is not sufficient to induce enteropathy associated with chronic NSAID use. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 27, 2026   
    Yet surprisingly, we found that concomitant postnatal deletion of Cox-1 and -2 over 10 months failed to cause intestinal injury in mice unless they were treated with naproxen or its structural analog, phenylpropionic acid, which is not a COX inhibitor...These results show that prostaglandin suppression plays a trivial role in NSAID-induced enteropathy. However, Cox deletion causes dysbiosis of the gut microbiome that amplifies the enteropathic response to NSAIDs.
  • ||||||||||  meloxicam / Generic mfg., celecoxib oral / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  The dual role of the COX-2/PGE2 Axis in multiple sclerosis: From pathogenesis to pharmacological inhibition. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 24, 2026   
    This review discusses the potential of selectively targeting the detrimental effects of the COX-2/PGE2 axis (such as EP1/EP3 signaling) while preserving protective pathways as a sophisticated therapeutic strategy for MS. However, cardiovascular risks limit the clinical translation of COX-2 inhibitors, necessitating the development of safer, more precise modulation of this pathway.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives as dual COX-2/ACE2 inhibitors: design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory evaluation. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 22, 2026   
    These findings highlight the potential of selective COX-2 inhibitors with concurrent ACE2 blockade as a promising therapeutic approach for controlling inflammation and modulating pathways relevant to viral entry and other inflammation-associated disorders. While ACE2 inhibition has received particular attention in the context of recent viral infections, the broader anti-inflammatory efficacy of these derivatives supports their potential as multi-target drug candidates.
  • ||||||||||  naproxen / Generic mfg., celecoxib oral / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Degree of Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition Modulates Blood Pressure Response. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 21, 2026   
    P1
    The difference in systolic BP relative to placebo was associated with the degree of COX-2 inhibition (P<0.05). Future studies should consider pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, as well as patient-specific factors that may modulate the cardiovascular risk of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use.
  • ||||||||||  cyclophosphamide / Generic mfg., indomethacin / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Indomethacin exerts both cyclooxygenase inhibition-dependent and independent mechanisms to enhance chemo-immunotherapy in mice. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 16, 2026   
    Importantly, Indo retained therapeutic benefit following CTX even in tumors incapable of producing PGE?, demonstrating a critical contribution of COX-independent mechanisms, particularly inhibition of tumor-intrinsic oncogenic RAS signaling, to the enhanced efficacy of the CTX+Indo combination. Collectively, our results provide strong preclinical rationale for leveraging the COX/PGE 2 and RAS dual inhibitory capacities of NSAIDs to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
  • ||||||||||  indomethacin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Mammalian mesenchymal stromal cells enhance zebrafish fin regeneration. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 16, 2026   
    Collectively, our results provide strong preclinical rationale for leveraging the COX/PGE 2 and RAS dual inhibitory capacities of NSAIDs to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Given the established role of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in MSC-mediated immunoregulation, we examined its contribution using indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor that suppresses PGE2 production
  • ||||||||||  minoxidil / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Deciphering the Skin Anti-Aging and Hair Growth Promoting Mechanisms of Opophytum forskahlii Seed Oil via Network Pharmacology. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 10, 2026   
    The hair growth promoting efficacy was assessed using adult male Wistar rats, randomly divided into control, OFSO-treated, and 2% minoxidil-treated groups (5 rats/group)...Functional enrichment revealed modulation of PPAR, estrogen, prolactin, and arachidonic acid metabolism pathways, suggesting that OFSO may regulate lipid metabolism, inflammation, hormonal signaling, and tissue regeneration. OFSO demonstrated promising anti-aging and hair growth activities, supporting further development and testing of cosmetic formulations.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Dual COX/5-LOX Inhibition by Isorhamnetin-3-O-Glucoside from Anthyllis cytisoides: An Integrated Chemical-Enzymatic-Computational Study. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 26, 2025   
    I3OG emerges as a promising dual COX/5-LOX candidate from A. cytisoides, providing a coherent link between detailed phytochemical analysis, enzymatic inhibition, and atomistic binding mechanisms. Although selectivity and safety considerations fall outside the scope of this enzyme-focused study, the findings highlight A. cytisoides as a valuable source of multitarget anti-inflammatory scaffolds and support SAR-driven optimization and formulation strategies aimed at enhancing bioactivity.
  • ||||||||||  Retrospective data, Journal:  Drug Development. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 26, 2025   
    Key factors influencing this relationship included patient age, treatment duration, and the drug class used. These nuanced findings can guide future interventions targeting neuroinflammation in AD prevention.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  From pain relief to mucosal grief: A comprehensive review of NSAID enteropathy. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 25, 2025   
    Modern diagnostic technologies, particularly capsule endoscopy, have revealed that small-bowel injury affects up to 70% of chronic NSAID users, although many patients remain asymptomatic. This comprehensive review explores the epidemiology, underlying mechanisms, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies for NSAID enteropathy, while emphasizing the growing importance of increased clinical awareness and continued research into preventive and therapeutic interventions, especially as long-term NSAID use becomes more prevalent in our aging global population.
  • ||||||||||  PK/PD data, Journal:  Pharmacokinetics of a Single Oral Dose of Robenacoxib in Hispaniolan Parrots (Amazona ventralis). (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 20, 2025   
    Robenacoxib was not detected in any bird 6 hours postadministration. Further pharmacodynamic studies of this drug, including defining the potency of robenacoxib against avian COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, would provide stronger support for dose determination and the effectiveness of robenacoxib in psittacine birds.
  • ||||||||||  aspirin / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Prophylaxis of Preeclampsia With Low-Dose Aspirin: A Comprehensive Review. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 15, 2025   
    Ongoing research emphasizes the need for biomarker-guided screening, personalized dosing, and early risk stratification to enhance prophylactic outcomes. Overall, LDA represents a cost-effective, evidence-based, and globally accessible intervention that substantially reduces the burden of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and improves maternal-fetal outcomes when administered in an appropriate