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  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Microglia in Alzheimer's Disease: Exploring how Genetics and Phenotype Influence Risk. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 22, 2020   
    Microglia are quite sensitive to their local environment, suggesting the need to more fully recapitulate an in vivo environment to study this highly plastic cell type. Likely only by combining the above approaches, will the field fully elucidate the molecular pathways that regulate microglia and influence neurodegeneration, in turn uncovering potential new targets for future therapeutic development.
  • ||||||||||  Biomarker, Clinical, Journal, Myeloid-derived suppressor cells:  Circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells: An independent prognostic factor in patients with breast cancer. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 18, 2020   
    Moreover, increased circulating MDSC levels robustly associate with advanced BC stage and positive lymph node status. By being more abundant and more effective T cell suppressors, BC patient-derived circulating MDSCs exert a dual immunosuppressive effect. Our findings pave the way to develop novel diagnostic and immunotherapeutic strategies, aimed at detecting and inhibiting MDSCs in patients with BC.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Leukemic cell kinetics of APL with a novel complex variant t (12;17;15)(p13;q21;q22) (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 14, 2020   
    Quantitative evaluation of the differentiated leukemic cells of APL and recovered cells from normal hematopoiesis in PB can provide useful information for a safer induction therapy. No significant difference was noted in the kinetics of the leukemic cells under ATRA treatment as well as in the clinical features between our patient without RARA-PML and those with t (15;17), which is a cytogenetic evidence for the critical role of PML-RARA in the pathogenesis of APL.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Is Alzheimer disease a failure of mobilizing immune defense? Lessons from cognitively fit oldest-old. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 13, 2020   
    iii) Does central nervous system (CNS) repair in aging depend on recruitment of the elements of cellular adaptive immune response such as effector T cells, and can the recruitment of systemic immune cells ameliorate AD neuropathology? iv) How effective are the immune-system-based therapeutic approaches currently employed for the treatment of AD?
  • ||||||||||  azacitidine / Generic mfg., decitabine / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal, IO Biomarker:  New drugs creating new challenges in acute myeloid leukemia. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 10, 2020   
    This flurry of new drug approvals has markedly altered the treatment landscape in AML and provided new opportunities, as well as new challenges for treating clinicians. This review will focus on how these drugs might shape clinical practice and the hurdles likely to be faced by new therapies seeking entry into this dynamic and rapidly changing therapeutic landscape.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Hematological malignancies and molecular targeting therapy. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 8, 2020   
    The first memorable success in this field was imatinib, a first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), which has been applied in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) since 2001...Recently, the second generation TKIs, dasatinib, nilotinib, and ponatinib, have also been available for CML patients...Notably, chemotherapy plus midostaurin improved survival compared with chemotherapy alone...Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, a selective anti-CD33 antibody-calicheamicin conjugate, is approved for clinical practice. Many molecular targeting agents are now being used for hematological malignancies.
  • ||||||||||  nedisertib (M3814) / EMD Serono, Mylotarg (gemtuzumab ozogamicin) / UCB, PDL, Pfizer
    Journal:  DNA-PK Inhibitor, M3814, as a New Combination Partner of Mylotarg in the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 3, 2020   
    Combination of M3814 with Mylotarg in two AML xenograft models, MV4-11 and HL-60, demonstrated increased efficacy and significantly improved survival benefit without elevated body weight loss. Our results support a new application for pharmacological DNA-PK inhibitors as enhancers of Mylotarg and a potential new combination treatment option for AML patients.
  • ||||||||||  Inflammatory and genetic signatures for recurrent oropharynx cancer (The Westin Kierland Resort and Spa) -  Feb 27, 2020 - Abstract #MHNCS2020MHNCS_228;    
    Expression of intracellular iNOS by CD33+ monocytes is maintained and not significantly altered after frozen storage of PBMC from IgE- and IgE+ adults. While overall inflammation may be increased in HPV+ patients with recurrent disease, based on the current study, the tumor associated inflammation may be contributing to an enhanced immunosuppressive environment.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  CD33 recruitment inhibits IgE-mediated anaphylaxis and desensitizes mast cells to allergen. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 25, 2020   
    We showed that high levels of CD33 were consistently expressed on human skin mast cells, and that the antigenic-liposomes with CD33 ligand prevented IgE-mediated bronchoconstriction in slices of human lung. The results demonstrated the potential of exploiting CD33 to desensitize mast cells to provide a therapeutic window for administering allergen immunotherapy without triggering anaphylaxis.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Review, Journal, IO biomarker:  Harnessing T Cells to Target Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia: CARs, BiTEs, and Beyond. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 23, 2020   
    In this review we focus on AML-specific T cell engaging bispecific antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. We review antigens being explored for T cell-based immunotherapy in AML, describe the landscape of clinical trials upcoming for bispecific antibodies and CAR T cells, and highlight strategies to overcome additional challenges facing translation of T cell-based immunotherapy for AML.
  • ||||||||||  Teysuno (gimeracil/oteracil/tegafur) / Nordic Group, Otsuka
    Journal:  CD33+ Immature Myeloid Cells Critically Predict Recurrence in Advanced Gastric Cancer. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 15, 2020   
    Recruitment of CD33+ immature myeloid cells critically predict hematogenous recurrences in curatively resected advanced GC. These results give rational to focusing on CD33+ myeloid-derived cells as a novel approach to tackle advanced GC.
  • ||||||||||  Mylotarg (gemtuzumab ozogamicin) / UCB, PDL, Pfizer
    Journal, Myeloid-derived suppressor cells, IO Biomarker:  MDSC targeting with Gemtuzumab ozogamicin restores T cell immunity and immunotherapy against cancers. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 14, 2020   
    In the rare conditions of HLH/MAS gemtuzumab ozogamicin provides a novel anti-myeloid strategy. FUND: This work was supported by Cancer Research UK, CCLG, Treating Children with Cancer, and the alumni and donors to the University of Birmingham.
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] ANTI-CD3/CD33 BISPECIFIC ANTIBODIES EFFICIENTLY REDIRECT DONOR T CELLS AGAINST HLA LOSS LEUKEMIA RELAPSES (ePoster Area) -  Feb 8, 2020 - Abstract #EBMT2020EBMT_2081;    
    Our results demonstrate that anti-CD3/CD33 BsAbs can effectively redirect donor T cells against HLA loss leukemia variants, resulting in their rapid and effective killing. Taken together, these promising findings strongly support translation of this approach to clinical trials, to provide a rational therapy for this increasingly recognized but still treatment-orphan modality of post-transplantation relapse.
  • ||||||||||  Mylotarg (gemtuzumab ozogamicin) / UCB, PDL, Pfizer
    [VIRTUAL] GO-FLAG REGIMEN AS A BRIDGE THERAPY TO ALLOGENEIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN REFRACTORY/RELAPSED AML PATIENTS (ePoster Area) -  Feb 8, 2020 - Abstract #EBMT2020EBMT_854;    
    Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) is a recombinant, humanized anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody covalently attached to the cytotoxic antitumor antibiotic calicheamicin, which effectiveness depends on more than 75% expression of CD33-glycoprotein on leukemic blasts... GO-FLAG demonstrated the efficacy and acceptable toxicity in pts with r/rAML and can be used as a bridge to alloHSCT.
  • ||||||||||  azacitidine / Generic mfg.
    Journal, PD(L)-1 Biomarker, IO Biomarker:  Targeting the arginine metabolic brake enhances immunotherapy for leukaemia. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 7, 2020   
    Inhibition of arginine metabolism enhanced the proliferation and cytotoxicity of anti-NYESO T cells against AZA/VOR treated AML blasts, and can boost anti-CD33 Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T cell cytotoxicity. Therefore measurement of plasma arginine concentrations in combination with therapeutic targeting of arginase activity in AML blasts could be a key adjunct to immunotherapy.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  CD33 in Alzheimer's Disease - Biology, Pathogenesis, and Therapeutics: A Mini-Review. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 7, 2020   
    This review summarizes the recently advanced biology of CD33 and its association with AD. It also provides insights from a drug discovery perspective into the druggability, therapeutic strategies, and challenges to target CD33 for treating this devastating disorder.
  • ||||||||||  Journal, IO biomarker:  Biology and prognostic impact of clonal plasmacytoid dendritic cells in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 7, 2020   
    Finally, an excess of pDCs correlates with regulatory T cell accumulation and an increased risk of acute leukemia transformation. These results demonstrate the FLT3L-independent accumulation of clonal pDCs in the bone marrow of CMML patients with mutations affecting the RAS pathway, which is associated with a higher risk of disease progression.
  • ||||||||||  Immune Cell Profiles Predicting Thyroid Cancer Prognosis (Room 3) -  Feb 7, 2020 - Abstract #ENDO2020ENDO_2767;    
    We have demonstrated that aggressive thyroid cancer at presentation or during follow-up is characterized by a circulating immunophenotype comprising of increased immune suppressor cells (regulatory T cells, MDSCs, effector memory T cells) but decreased immune activator cells (CD4+ T cells, gamma delta T cells, NK T-like cells, central memory T cells) as compared to less aggressive thyroid cancer. This circulating immunophenotype serves as a biomarker for cancer prognosis and could guide use of novel immunotherapies for advanced thyroid cancer.
  • ||||||||||  molibresib (GSK525762) / GSK
    Clinical, Journal, PD(L)-1 Biomarker, IO Biomarker:  Targeting monocyte-intrinsic enhancer reprogramming improves immunotherapy efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 30, 2020   
    This circulating immunophenotype serves as a biomarker for cancer prognosis and could guide use of novel immunotherapies for advanced thyroid cancer. Our results signify how non-tumour-intrinsic properties in the desmoplastic microenvironment can be exploited to reinstate immunosurveillance, providing readily translatable combination strategies to empower HCC immunotherapy.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Cellular therapy for acute myeloid Leukemia - Current status and future prospects. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 27, 2020   
    It is unknown whether such approaches targeting AML will spare normal hematopoiesis or would need to be used in combination with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Here we review the current state of cell therapy for patients with AML and consider future prospects.