NRF2 activator 
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  • ||||||||||  deferoxamine / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Protective effects of Salvianolic acid B on rat ferroptosis in myocardial infarction through upregulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 21, 2022   
    Importantly, treatment of ferroptosis inhibitors ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) or deferoxamine (DFO) reversed typical changes of ferroptosis, including iron overload, lipid peroxide accumulation, mitochondrial damage, and specific expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins, thereby alleviating myocardial injury in rats...Furthermore, Sal B administration was unable to significantly reverse expression levels of target genes of Nrf2 that were associated with iron homeostasis and oxidative stress (e.g., HO-1, xCT, Gpx4, Fth1, and Fpn1) in MI rats after knockdown of Nrf2. Taken together, Sal B contributed to protecting MI by inhibiting ferroptosis via activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
  • ||||||||||  bardoxolone methyl (RTA 402) / Kyowa Kirin, Reata
    Preclinical, Journal:  Gastrodin Ameliorates Cognitive Dysfunction in Vascular Dementia Rats by Suppressing Ferroptosis via the Regulation of the Nrf2/Keap1-GPx4 Signaling Pathway. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 21, 2022   
    Furthermore, compared with GAS alone, GAS combined with Bardoxolone (an agonist of Nrf2) did not further affect the increase in GPx4 levels and decrease in COX2 levels, nor did it further affect the regulation of GAS on the biochemical parameters of ferroptosis in HT22 hypoxia injury. These findings revealed that GAS inhibited ferroptosis in hippocampal neurons by activating the Nrf2/Keap1-GPx4 signaling pathway, suggesting its possible application as a functional food for improving vascular dementia by inhibiting ferroptosis.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Protective Role of Corticosterone against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Neuronal Cell Death in SH-SY5Y Cells. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 20, 2022   
    Furthermore, pretreatment of CORT attenuated HO-mediated oxidative damages by upregulation of antioxidant enzymes via activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). These findings suggest that low concentration of CORT with eustressed condition enhances intracellular self-defense against HO-mediated oxidative cell death, suggesting a role of low concentration of CORT as one of key molecules for resilience and neuronal cell survival.
  • ||||||||||  Preclinical, Journal:  Melatonin protects porcine oocyte from copper exposure potentially by reducing oxidative stress potentially through the Nrf2 pathway. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 19, 2022   
    Notably, Nrf2 protein expression was significantly increased by copper exposure, meanwhile, Nrf2 signaling pathway inhibitor ML385 significantly attenuated the protective role of melatonin on oxidative stress induced by copper exposure. In summary, our study demonstrates that copper activates the Nrf2 pathway and impairs oocyte maturation by inducing oxidative stress, leading to poor quality of porcine oocytes, and the changes can be reversed by melatonin.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  The KEAP1-NRF2 System and Esophageal Cancer. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 15, 2022   
    In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge of the KEAP1-NRF2 system and the treatment of ESCC. We propose three main strategies for the treatment of NRF2-addicted cancer: (1) NRF2 inhibitors, (2) synthetic lethal drugs for NRF2-addicted cancers, and (3) NRF2 inducers of the host defense system.
  • ||||||||||  dimethyl fumarate / Generic mfg., paclitaxel / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Dimethyl Fumarate Ameliorates Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathic Pain in Rats. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 14, 2022   
    DMF treatment significantly upregulated the gene expression of Nrf2 in the sciatic nerve. Conclusion These findings suggest that DMF prevented the development of PIPN in rats through the activation of Nrf2 and the inhibition of p38 MAPK and BDNF.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Jia-ga-song-tang protection against alcoholic liver and intestinal damage. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 14, 2022   
    repaired the intestinal barrier, and inhibited Nrf2 in IEC-6, but protect the HepG2 by activating Nrf2 to balance cellular homeostasis. Our results reinforce that JGST provides an effective protective method for alcoholic liver disease (ALD) by regulating Gut-liver axis and cellular homeostasis.
  • ||||||||||  bardoxolone methyl (RTA 402) / Kyowa Kirin, Reata
    ND-13, a DJ-1 Derived Peptide, as a Novel Pharmacological Approach to Activated Nrf2 in the Prevention of Inflammasome Activation in Diabetic Nephropathy (Exhibit Hall, Orange County Convention Center, West Building) -  Oct 13, 2022 - Abstract #KIDNEYWEEK2022KIDNEY_WEEK_3644;    
    Methods Mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMM) were treated with Bardoxolone, an Nrf2 inducer, and ND-13...PBMCs isolated from the blood of patients were plate and stimulated with LPS/ATP, and patients with diabetic nephropathy presented a trend to increase IL-1β release compared to controls and diabetic individuals and ND-13 could have a role in the prevention of inflammasome activation. Conclusion All these data point out that DJ-1/Nrf2 pathway stimulation is a promising approach to decreasing immune cells inflammasome activation, and ND-13 could be a new approach to attenuate inflammation in renal diseases.
  • ||||||||||  cisplatin / Generic mfg.
    Keap1 Inhibition Ameliorates Cisplatin-Induced Mitochondrial Injury and Oxidative Stress in Renal Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells Through a Glutathione-Dependent Mechanism (Exhibit Hall, Orange County Convention Center, West Building) -  Oct 13, 2022 - Abstract #KIDNEYWEEK2022KIDNEY_WEEK_1954;    
    Notably, BSO treatment negated the protective effects of the Keap1−Nrf2 PPI inhibitor against cisplatin-induced mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis, while not affecting its ability to induce the transcriptional activation of NRF2 target genes. Conclusion Together, our results show that inhibition of the Keap1–Nrf2 PPI activates the antioxidant machinery for ROS scavenging in RPTECs, and that increased levels of intracellular GSH plays an important protective role against cisplatin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular death.
  • ||||||||||  sublingual immunotherapy / UNC School of Medicine
    Oxidative Stress Is a Mediator of Slit Diaphragm Defects Initiated by Disruption of Endocytosis (Exhibit Hall, Orange County Convention Center, West Building) -  Oct 13, 2022 - Abstract #KIDNEYWEEK2022KIDNEY_WEEK_1586;    
    Conclusion Our data indicate that disruption of endocytosis leads to increased ROS levels, which disrupt slit diaphragm integrity. Thus, in addition to its direct role in the trafficking of slit diaphragm proteins, endocytosis also affects slit diaphragm integrity by promoting redox balance.
  • ||||||||||  Single Cell Chromatin Accessibility Atlas During Murine Kidney Injury and Repair (Exhibit Hall, Orange County Convention Center, West Building) -  Oct 13, 2022 - Abstract #KIDNEYWEEK2022KIDNEY_WEEK_1005;    
    Conclusion The first comprehensive snATAC-seq atlas of mouse IRI kidneys catalogued phase-specific and cell-specific activation of regulatory genomic regions and transcription factors that shape cell-specific responses to ischemic injury. Epigenetic mechanisms driving FR-PTC revealed in this study implicate potential novel therapeutic targets in AKI and its transition to chronic kidney disease.
  • ||||||||||  Preclinical, Journal:  The effect of curcumin on NRF2/Keap1 signalling pathway in the epididymis of mouse experimental cryptorchidism. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 13, 2022   
    The expression of HO1, NQO1, and Nrf2 genes, which had decreased in the cryptorchidism group, showed a significant increase after administration of Cur in a dose-dependent manner. Cur, by inducing the expression of genes involved in the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway, could reduce the adverse effects of cryptorchidism and might be used as adjuvant therapy for decreasing cryptorchidism complications before surgery.
  • ||||||||||  Preclinical, Journal:  Avenanthramide-C Activates Nrf2/ARE Pathway and Inhibiting Ferroptosis Pathway to Improve Cognitive Dysfunction in Aging Rats. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 13, 2022   
    AVC pretreatment has a preventive effect on cognitive dysfunction induced by repeated propofol anesthesia in aging rats, and the preventive effect of AVC may be realized by activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway activity. Our results demonstrate that AVC preconditioning reduces postoperative neuronal loss and neuroinflammation, activates the Nrf2/ARE pathway, reduces oxidative stress injury, and improves POCD in aged rats.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Pharmacological characterization of a novel peptide inhibitor of the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 12, 2022   
    Moreover, in cells exposed to cigarette smoke, LAS200813 shows an antioxidant effect by increasing the production of glutathione and prevents cellular apoptosis. In conclusion, the results described herein demonstrate that LAS200813 is a potent non-electrophilic Nrf2-activating peptide designed to be administered by inhaled route which may be a potential therapeutic strategy for respiratory diseases driven by oxidative stress.