Sarcopenia
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  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Changes in the Paradigm of Traditional Exercise in Obesity Therapy and Application of a New Exercise Modality: A Narrative Review Article. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 16, 2020   
    Hypoxic therapy has been reported to improve obesity and obesity-related diseases through appetite loss, reduced dietary intake, increased energy consumption, improved glycogen storage and fatty acid oxidation, angiogenesis and left ventricle remodeling, decreased mechanical load, and reduced sarcopenia progression due to aging. The new therapeutic exercise modalities, namely, high-intensity interval training, whole-body vibration training, and hypoxic therapy, are practical, useful, and effective for improving obesity and various metabolic and cardiovascular diseases induced by obesity.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Clinical data, Journal:  An interdisciplinary approach to the older transplant patient: strategies for improving clinical outcomes. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 15, 2020   
    Prospective studies should confirm whether PMA or other body composition parameters should be extracted automatically from CT-scans to include in clinical decision making and outcome prediction for TAVI. As trends in the aging of the population continue to impact transplant and MCSD candidates and recipients, it is increasingly important for providers to be cognizant of the methods for assessment of aging-associated dysfunction including frailty and sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Weight Cycling as a Risk Factor for Low Muscle Mass and Strength in a Population of Males and Females with Obesity. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 15, 2020   
    As trends in the aging of the population continue to impact transplant and MCSD candidates and recipients, it is increasingly important for providers to be cognizant of the methods for assessment of aging-associated dysfunction including frailty and sarcopenia. In adults with obesity, weight cycling is associated with lower muscle mass and strength and a greater likelihood of developing sarcopenic obesity.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Sarcopenia Definitions and Their Associations With Mortality in Older Australian Women. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 15, 2020   
    Unlike FNIH, the EWGSOP sarcopenia definition incorporating weak muscle strength and/or poor physical function was related to prognosis, as was the regionally adapted version of EWGSOP. Although sarcopenia definitions were not developed based on prognosis, this is an important consideration for globally standardizing the sarcopenia framework.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Prevalance of sarcopenia according to decade. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 14, 2020   
    Although sarcopenia definitions were not developed based on prognosis, this is an important consideration for globally standardizing the sarcopenia framework. Identification of sarcopenia prevalence in our population is important due to limitations of treatment administered after diagnosis is made.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Decline in tongue pressure during perioperative period in cancer patients without oral feeding. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 14, 2020   
    MTP, but not HGS, diminishes significantly during the perioperative period without oral feeding. As tongue muscle disuse after surgery may adversely impact postoperative oropharyngeal muscle decline, perioperative tongue muscle strengthening exercises may assist in maintaining muscle strength and good oral feeding.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Lipotoxicity, aging, and muscle contractility: does fiber type matter? (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 14, 2020   
    In this perspective, we briefly review the age-related physiological changes in cellularity, secretory profiles, and inflammatory status of adipose tissue which drive lipotoxicity (spillover) of skeletal muscle and then provide evidence of how this may affect specific fiber type contractility. We focus on biological contributors (cellular machinery) to contractility for which there is some evidence of vulnerability to lipid stress distinguishing between fiber types.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Software for the Diagnosis of Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Design and Validation Study. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 14, 2020   
    We developed and validated a software for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in older Chilean adults that can be used on a mobile device or a computer with good sensitivity and specificity, thus allowing for the development of programs for the prevention, delay, or reversal of this disease. To our knowledge, HTSMayor is the first software to diagnose sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  'Maintaining Muscle Function Across the Lifespan: The State of Science'. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 14, 2020   
    Great strides have been made to improve screening procedures and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, but continued optimization of diagnostic and screening strategies is needed to better identify individuals with sarcopenia or at risk of developing sarcopenia. Understanding and addressing the major drivers of sarcopenia pathogenesis will help develop therapeutics that can reduce the impact of sarcopenia on affected individuals and society.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Roles of myokines in exercise-induced improvement of neuropsychiatric function. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 12, 2020   
    Therefore, more clinical evidences for the association of myokine release after exercise and their effect on the brain function are required. Finally, we discuss the effect size of the action of myokines on cognitive benefits of exercise, in addition to other contributors, such as improvement of the cardiovascular system or the effect of "exercise factors" released from non-muscle organs, particularly in patients with sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Parkin sarcopenia in its tracks by improving mitochondrial health. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 12, 2020   
    Finally, we discuss the effect size of the action of myokines on cognitive benefits of exercise, in addition to other contributors, such as improvement of the cardiovascular system or the effect of "exercise factors" released from non-muscle organs, particularly in patients with sarcopenia. No abstract available
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Clusterin silencing restores myoblasts viability and down modulates the inflammatory process in osteoporotic disease. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 12, 2020   
    Results obtained suggest a potential role of CLU in OP by influencing myoblasts terminal differentiation, epigenetic regulation of muscle cell differentiation and senescence. Moreover, CLU silencing points out its role in the modulation of tissue damage repair and inflammation, proposing it as a new diagnostic marker for muscle degeneration and a potential target for specific therapeutic intervention in OP related sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Review, Journal:  Predictors of poor functional outcomes and mortality in patients with hip fracture: a systematic review. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 12, 2020   
    This systematic review identified multiple significant predictors of poor functional outcomes and mortality, with the hand grip strength and frailty being important emerging predictors in the most recent literature. These predictors would further inform healthcare providers of their patients' health status and allow for early intervention for modifiable predictors.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Multidimensional Approach to Frailty. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 11, 2020   
    Many of the determinants of the FS have already been known: reduction in physical activity, malnutrition, sarcopenia, polypharmacy, depressive symptom, cognitive disorders, and lack of social support. This review shows that insight into FS determinants is the starting point for building both the comprehensive definition of FS and the adoption of the assessment method of FS, and then successful clinical management.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Improved strength prediction combining clinically available measures of skeletal muscle mass and quality. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 10, 2020   
    The hypothesis of the current study was confirmed, strongly supporting and extending earlier reports by quantifying the combined independent effects of skeletal muscle mass and quality on lower-body and upper-body measures of strength. These observations provide a clinically available method for future research aimed at optimizing sarcopenia and frailty risk prediction models.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Muscle mass measures and incident osteoporosis in a large cohort of postmenopausal women. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 10, 2020   
    However, when systemic inflammation coincides with sarcopenia and/or low VAT, prognosis is adversely affected, independent of the Fong clinical prognostic score. Muscle mass measures adjusted for height only (SMM/ht , aSMM/ht ) appear to be better muscle-relevant risk factors for incident osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, including when stratified into lean participants and participants with increased adiposity.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  D -Creatine dilution and the importance of accuracy in the assessment of skeletal muscle mass. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 10, 2020   
    Inaccurate measurements of muscle mass by DXA and other methods have led to inconsistent results and potentially erroneous conclusions about the importance of skeletal muscle mass in health and disease. The assessment of skeletal muscle mass using the D -Cr dilution method in prospective cohort studies may reveal sarcopenia as a powerful risk factor for late life disability and chronic disease.
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    Journal:  Exercise-induced AMPK activation is involved in delay of skeletal muscle senescence. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 10, 2020   
    In this study, we provide new evidence that prior activation of AMPK can reduce doxorubicin induced cell senescence phenotypes. The evidence in this paper suggest that aerobic exercise-activated catabolism in the skeletal muscle may prevent cellular senescence, partially through the cell cycle regulation.
  • ||||||||||  Ocuvia (elamipretide) / Stealth BioTherapeutics, Sarconeos (BIO101) / Biophytis
    Journal:  Recent developments in the field of cachexia, sarcopenia, and muscle wasting: highlights from the 11th Cachexia Conference. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 10, 2020   
    Clinical studies that investigated novel approaches, including urolithin A, the role of gut microbiota, metal ion transporter ZIP14, lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine, and BIO101, were described. It remains a fact, however, that effective treatments of cachexia and wasting disorders are urgently needed in order to improve patients' quality of life and their survival.