Sarcopenia
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  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Review, Journal:  Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Increase Frailty Syndrome in the Elderly. (Pubmed Central) -  May 10, 2019   
    Moreover, the reduction of muscle mass, associated with altered muscle composition, fat and fibrous infiltration and alterations in innervations, and the increase in fat mass, have a synergistic effect on the increase in cardiovascular risk. The aim of this review is to analyze the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the frailty syndrome and its association with sarcopenia and osteoporosis, and investigate possible intervention measures.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Polypharmacy and sarcopenia in hospitalized older patients: results of the GLISTEN study. (Pubmed Central) -  May 9, 2019   
    Our analysis indicates that HP intakes do not adversely influence kidney function on GFR in healthy adults. Present findings demonstrate that the association of polypharmacy with sarcopenia, observed in the BASE-II study, is not evident in the GLISTEN sample, being our patients significantly older, more multi-morbid, with high prevalence of sarcopenia and polypharmacy, suggesting that this association might vary according to the heterogeneous health, functional, and nutritional characteristics of older people.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  FNIH-defined Sarcopenia Predicts Adverse Outcomes Among Community-Dwelling Older People in Taiwan: Results From I-Lan Longitudinal Aging Study. (Pubmed Central) -  May 8, 2019   
    Moreover, sarcopenia defined by grip strength-BMI ratio (WeakBMI) showed stronger association with composite adverse outcomes than traditional handgrip strength (hazard ratio = 1.99; 95% confidence interval = 1.01-3.93; p = .047 vs hazard ratio = 1.80; 95% confidence interval = 0.89-3.62; p = .102 in fully-adjusted model). Among community-dwelling older people in Taiwan, participants with FNIH-defined sarcopenia had a significantly greater risk of all-cause mortality and composite falls, emergency department visits, institutionalization, and hospitalization.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Comment to "Preoperative sarcopenia determinants in pancreatic cancer patients". (Pubmed Central) -  May 8, 2019   
    Among community-dwelling older people in Taiwan, participants with FNIH-defined sarcopenia had a significantly greater risk of all-cause mortality and composite falls, emergency department visits, institutionalization, and hospitalization. No abstract available
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Secondary osteoporosis. Late-onset hypogonadisim in the aging male. (Pubmed Central) -  May 8, 2019   
    And recent findings suggest that it is also associated with sarcopenia and frailty. Diagnosis and therapeutic approaches against LOH in aging male might be crucial not only for improving clinical symptoms of LOH but also for maintaining bone mineral density and prevention from male osteoporosis.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Secondary osteoporosis. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:COPD. (Pubmed Central) -  May 8, 2019   
    COPD patients are exposed to various disease-specific risk factors such as systemic inflammation, glucocorticoid use and vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency, accumulation of which leads to development of COPD-associated osteoporosis. Vitamin D repletion and timely intervention with anti-osteoporotics would be important to protect COPD patients from fracture.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Sarcopenia in liver transplantation: A review. (Pubmed Central) -  May 7, 2019   
    Sarcopenia is associated with poor liver transplantation outcomes. Future research should consider utilizing the recent working definition of sarcopenia and generating diagnostic reference values.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Sarcopenia associated with chemotherapy and targeted agents for cancer therapy. (Pubmed Central) -  May 7, 2019   
    Finally, it is not known if intervening to prevent or reverse sarcopenia will have a clinical benefit in terms of better tolerance to cancer therapy, physical function, well-being, tumor response and survival. Reversing sarcopenia and improving objective outcomes should be the goal of therapy.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Measuring cachexia-diagnostic criteria. (Pubmed Central) -  May 7, 2019   
    Clinicians should assess all cancer patients regardless of history of weight loss for risk for malnutrition at presentation and periodically throughout the trajectory of illness-pre-cachectic, cachexia, and refractory cachexia stage. For cancer patients with weight loss, assessments of BMI and percentage weight loss, symptoms which impact nutritional intake, quality of life, physical function, biological markers, energy expenditure, and body composition are ideally needed in order to measure cachexia and implement therapeutic interventions.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Cancer cachexia is defined by an ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass. (Pubmed Central) -  May 7, 2019   
    Intake of intake of high-quality proteins and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids support retention or gain of muscle mass. While there is no approved drug therapy for the indication of cancer-associated muscle wasting, there is preliminary evidence for robust gain of skeletal muscle mass in research studies of new therapeutics including inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases and ghrelin receptor agonists.
  • ||||||||||  Isorem (isosorbide dinitrate) / Remedica
    Preclinical, Journal:  Nitric oxide treatment attenuates muscle atrophy during hind limb suspension in mice. (Pubmed Central) -  May 7, 2019   
    ...Since nitric oxide (NO) mediates muscle satellite cell activation and induces hypertrophy with exercise in old mice, we tested whether treatment with the NO donor, isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), during hind limb suspension would reduce atrophy...NO-donor treatment has potential to attenuate atrophy and metabolic changes, and prevent regulatory changes during disuse and offset/prevent wasting in age-related sarcopenia or space travel. Increases in precursor proliferation resulting from NO treatment would also amplify benefits of physical therapy and exercise.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Troponin T3 associates with DNA consensus sequence that overlaps with p53 binding motifs. (Pubmed Central) -  May 7, 2019   
    This work suggests that reduced TNNT3 gene expression is another mechanism leading to reduced TnT3 and excitation-contraction coupling with aging. Consequently, TnT3 appears to contribute to age-related sarcopenia and possibly other age-related deficiencies such as muscle insulin resistance and β cell dysfunction by interacting with TnT3-binding sequences in the promoter area of p53-related genes, among others, and consequently modulating the transcriptional regulation of these target genes.
  • ||||||||||  NN1213 / Novo Nordisk
    Trial completion date:  Effect of Creatine Supplementation and Exercise on Bone Health (clinicaltrials.gov) -  May 7, 2019   
    P=N/A,  N=240, Active, not recruiting, 
    Sarcopenic obesity does not appear to confer greater risk for incident MetS or insulin resistance than obesity alone in community-dwelling older men. Trial completion date: Jan 2019 --> Jul 2019
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Review, Journal:  Effects of aging and insulin resistant states on protein anabolic responses in older adults. (Pubmed Central) -  May 7, 2019   
    More investigation is needed to determine the exact role of insulin in promoting anabolism with aging. The findings from our group are relevant for the field of sarcopenia research as they provide a rationale to offer low cost nutritional interventions for overcoming this detrimental condition associated with aging and diabetes.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Sarcopenia is an independent risk factor for advanced colorectal neoplasia. (Pubmed Central) -  May 7, 2019   
    Our findings indicate that sarcopenia is significantly and progressively associated with the risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia. This association might be explained by metabolic factors that could be potential mediators of the effect of sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Aging effects on the Achilles tendon moment arm during walking. (Pubmed Central) -  May 5, 2019   
    Age-associated reductions in triceps surae volume or activation, and thus muscle bulging during force generation, may compromise the mechanical advantage of the AT during the critical push-off phase of walking in older adults. Thus, strategies to restore and/or improve locomotor performance in our aging population should consider these functionally important changes in musculoskeletal behavior.