Sarcopenia
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  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Nutrigenomics of Vitamin D. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 26, 2019   
    This review will discuss different aspects of how vitamin D interacts with the human genome, focusing on nutritional epigenomics in context of immune responses. This should lead to a better understanding of the clinical benefits of vitamin D.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Why intensity is not a bad word: Optimizing health status at any age. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 26, 2019   
    Despite claims to the contrary, high-intensity exercise is important for the prevention of obesity and sarcopenia with advancing age. Therefore, the purpose of this mini-review is to present literature supporting the contention that low volume, high-intensity aerobic and/or resistance training can slow sarcopenia, sustain ease of movement, stimulate NEAT, and attenuate the accretion of fat mass.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Where do satellite cells orbit? An endomysium space odyssey. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 26, 2019   
    The regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle following injury is dependent on myogenic specific precursor cells, referred to as satellite cells. Under homeostatic conditions in adult muscle, satellite cells lie quiescent between the sarcolemma and basal lamina of myofibres.
  • ||||||||||  Biomarker, Journal:  Muscle Mass, Quality, and Composition Changes During Atrophy and Sarcopenia. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 26, 2019   
    The intracellular water (ICW) and ECW estimated by segmental bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy or multifrequency BIA are good biomarkers of the ratio of MCM against SMM in limbs. The BIS and other state-of-the-art technology for assessment of muscle mass, quality, and composition are useful to fully understand the muscle atrophy in a living organism.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  NF-kB and Inflammatory Cytokine Signalling: Role in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 26, 2019   
    The significance of NF-κB as a key regulator of muscle atrophy has been emphasised by several in vivo studies, which have demonstrated that NF-κB-targeted therapies can abrogate muscle atrophy. In this chapter, we will summarise current knowledge on the role of cytokines (TNF-α) and NF-κB in the loss of muscle mass and function and highlight perspectives towards future research and potential therapies to combat muscle atrophy.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Redox Homeostasis in Age-Related Muscle Atrophy. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 26, 2019   
    Altered redox homeostasis and modulation of intracellular signal transduction processes have been proposed as an underlying mechanism of sarcopenia. This chapter summarizes the current evidence that has associated disrupted redox homeostasis and muscle atrophy as a result of skeletal muscle inactivity and aging.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Muscular Atrophy in Cardiovascular Disease. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 26, 2019   
    In this way, the importance of prevention of muscular atrophy, but also of treatment for those patients with progressive muscle decline, is proven. We also emphasize the importance of a multi-professional team, because therapeutic strategies are needed that are capable of delaying the onset or minimizing the consequences of skeletal muscle loss, from pharmacological management and nutrition to physical exercise.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Sarcopenia in Liver Disease: Current Evidence and Issues to Be sResolved. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 26, 2019   
    In this chapter, we will summarize the emerging evidence of the predictive role of sarcopenia in NAFLD and review the diagnosis value, feasible mechanism, and therapy strategies of sarcopenia in NAFLD. Sarcopenia is a potential risk factor for NAFLD, and targeting sarcopenia can benefit NAFLD to some extent.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Drugs of Muscle Wasting and Their Therapeutic Targets. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 26, 2019   
    Supplementation with ghrelin is also an important candidate to combat sarcopenia as well as cachexia. Treatment with soy isoflavone, trichostatin A (TSA), and cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox2) inhibitors seems to be effective modulators attenuating muscle wasting, although further systematic research is needed on this treatment in particular concerning side effects.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Nutritional Considerations in Preventing Muscle Atrophy. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 26, 2019   
    This study will provide an up-to-date review regarding nutritional considerations and resistance exercise countermeasures in the prevention of muscle mass loss and recovery of muscle mass in muscle atrophy secondary to immobilization or in sarcopenic obesity. We do not address muscle atrophy in disease states associated with inflammation (rheumatoid arthritis, COPD, cancer cachexia, AIDS, burns, sepsis, and uremia) which are governed by particular mechanisms of muscle loss.
  • ||||||||||  Biomarker, Review, Journal:  Sarcopenia. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 26, 2019   
    Designing effective preventive strategies that people can apply during their lifetime is of primary concern. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of sarcopenia is likely to become part of routine clinical practice.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Review, Journal:  Exercise-Induced Mitohormesis for the Maintenance of Skeletal Muscle and Healthspan Extension. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 25, 2019   
    We discussed the potential efficacy of targeting the Nrf2 signaling pathway, which partially mediates adaptation to aerobic exercise, to restore mitochondrial and skeletal muscle function. Finally, we highlight knowledge gaps related to improving redox signaling and make recommendations for future research.
  • ||||||||||  Enrollment closed, Trial completion date, Surgery:  A Prospective Study Frailty for Esophagectomy and Lung Resection in Thoracic Surgery (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Jul 24, 2019   
    P=N/A,  N=360, Active, not recruiting, 
    Finally, we highlight knowledge gaps related to improving redox signaling and make recommendations for future research. Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Dec 2019 --> Jul 2023
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Loop diuretics affect skeletal myoblast differentiation and exercise-induced muscle hypertrophy. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 24, 2019   
    ...We investigated this issue using the NKCC1 inhibitors bumetanide and furosemide, which are commonly used loop diuretics...Immunofluorescence analyses of myofiber cross-sections revealed more large myofibers after exercise, but this was impaired by daily intraperitoneal bumetanide injections (0.2 or 10 mg/kg/day). NKCC1 plays an essential role in myogenesis and exercise-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy, and sarcopenia in patients with renal or heart failure may be attributable to treatment with loop diuretics.
  • ||||||||||  Trial primary completion date:  VR-based Rehabilitation in the Treatment and Prevention of Sarcopenia of Older Residents (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Jul 24, 2019   
    P=N/A,  N=30, Recruiting, 
    Sarcopenic obesity is an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality in critically ill patients with intra-abdominal sepsis. Trial primary completion date: Jun 2019 --> Sep 2019
  • ||||||||||  Trial completion, Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date:  Effect of an EAA/Whey Composition on Protein Metabolism (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Jul 23, 2019   
    P=N/A,  N=24, Completed, 
    Trial primary completion date: Jun 2019 --> Sep 2019 Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: May 2020 --> Jul 2019 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2018 --> Apr 2019
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Sarcopenic obesity in cirrhosis - The confluence of two prognostic titans. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 19, 2019   
    Much work needs to be done to advance both clinical care and research in this area. Future directions require consensus definitions for sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenic obesity, an expansion of our understanding of the complex pathogenesis of the muscle-liver-adipose tissue axis in cirrhosis and evidence to support management recommendations for nutrition, exercise and pharmacological therapies.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Sarcopenia and swallowing disorders in older people. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 19, 2019   
    If these preliminary results (discussed in the present review article) will be confirmed, the systemic beneficial effects of physical exercise will be indirectly demonstrated. This will also support the need of promoting healthy lifestyle in all sarcopenic individuals (thus potentially at risk of dysphagia).
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  The role of omega-3 in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 19, 2019   
    We conclude that there is growing evidence for a beneficial effect of omega-3 PUFAs supplementation in sarcopenic older persons, which may add to the effect of exercise and/or protein supplementation. However, the exact dosage, frequency and use (alone or combined) in the treatment and prevention of sarcopenia still need further exploration.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Association between dietary nutrient intake and sarcopenia in the SarcoPhAge study. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 19, 2019   
    Sarcopenic subjects seem to consume significantly reduced amounts of many micronutrients and macronutrients compared to non-sarcopenic subjects. These results suggest that a poorly balanced diet may be associated with sarcopenia and poor musculoskeletal health, although prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Muscle endocrinology and its relation with nutrition. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 19, 2019   
    Adequate nutrition during ages plays a fundamental role in the health and function of the skeletal muscle and it can represents, alone or in combination with physical exercise, a possible preventive measure against sarcopenia. This review will overview the endocrinology of the skeletal muscle, making a focus on food intake as a strategy for preventing skeletal muscle decay.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Malnutrition and sarcopenia. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 19, 2019   
    Nutritional interventions with and without parallel physical activity programs can prevent and often also reverse sarcopenia. It is hoped that upcoming even more potent nutritional treatment options-including for sarcopenic obesity-will lower the burden of malnutrition and sarcopenia for many older adults.