Sarcopenia
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  • ||||||||||  Preclinical, Journal:  Effects of hindlimb suspension and reloading on gastrocnemius and soleus muscle mass and function in geriatric mice. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 20, 2019   
    It is possible that fluid shifts, reduced blood flow, or shortened muscle fibers which failed to regain control lengths contributed to the attenuation of muscle wet weight after HLS and reloading and this affected force production. Further work is needed to determine if altered/loss of neural activity contributed to the inability of geriatric mice to regain gastrocnemius muscle weight and function after HLS and reloading.
  • ||||||||||  Observational data, Journal:  Sarcopenia in diabetic nephropathy: a cross-sectional study. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 18, 2019   
    Future research should explore targeted combined interventions, taking into account physical and nutritional patient requirements. In the present study, the prevalence of sarcopenia was higher in patients with diabetic nephropathy compared to healthy controls.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  "Diabesity"-Obesity and type 2 diabetes (Update 2019) (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 18, 2019   
    The significance of anti-obesity medications in the treatment of type 2 diabetes will have to be clarified by future studies with body weight as the primary endpoint. Bariatric surgery is at present indicated with a BMI >35 kg/m with concomitant risk factors, such as diabetes and can lead at least to partial diabetes remission but has to be incorporated into an appropriate lifelong care concept.
  • ||||||||||  EFFECTS OF RESISTANCE TRAINING ON N3 SLEEP AND MUSCULAR FUNCTION IN OLDER ADULTS WITH SARCOPENIA: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (Board #024t - Exhibition) -  Sep 17, 2019 - Abstract #WSS2019WSS_2357;    
    Twelve weeks of progressive load resistance training improved objective parameters of sleep, including stage N3, in combination with benefits observed in muscle function among older adults with sarcopenia. Sleep-related mechanisms promoted by resistance training may in part be involved in the muscle recovery, particularly in individuals with sarcopenia Acknowledgements: FAPESP (2016/00521-9 - Research grant); AFIP, CAPES, CNPq (Scholarship to HSS).
  • ||||||||||  Enrollment open:  Association of Uremic Sarcopenia and Mitochondrial Copy Number and Its Clinical Correlates (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Sep 16, 2019   
    P=N/A,  N=250, Recruiting, 
    Sleep-related mechanisms promoted by resistance training may in part be involved in the muscle recovery, particularly in individuals with sarcopenia Acknowledgements: FAPESP (2016/00521-9 - Research grant); AFIP, CAPES, CNPq (Scholarship to HSS). Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal, HEOR:  Sarcopenia Is Associated with Quality of Life and Depression in Patients with Advanced Cancer. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 16, 2019   
    These findings highlight the importance of addressing muscle loss early in the course of illness among patients with incurable cancer. In the future, investigators should expand upon these findings to develop strategies for assessing and treating sarcopenia while striving to enhance the quality of life and mood outcomes of patients with advanced cancer.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Malnutrition and chronic inflammation as risk factors for sarcopenia in elderly patients with hip fracture. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 16, 2019   
    In the future, investigators should expand upon these findings to develop strategies for assessing and treating sarcopenia while striving to enhance the quality of life and mood outcomes of patients with advanced cancer. The present study revealed a strong relationship between sarcopenia and malnutrition and chronic inflammatory factors in elderly patients with hip fractures.
  • ||||||||||  Biomarker, Clinical, Journal:  Dysregulated homeostatic pathways in sarcopenia among frail older adults. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 16, 2019   
    There was additionally secondary mediatory involvement of myocyte- and adipocyte-derived cytokines, hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) stress hormones (cortisol, DHEAS), glomerular function, and immune cell regulatory and inflammatory cytokines and glycoproteins. We conclude that within a hierarchical network of multisystem physiological dysregulations in sarcopenia, dysregulated anabolic and catabolic pathways via sex steroids and insulin-leptin dual signaling and tissue hypoxemia are primary physiological dysregulations responsible for sarcopenia and frailty.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Type 2 diabetes mellitus and bone. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 14, 2019   
    Dietary and surgical strategies to reduce weight have beneficial effects on diabetes but may have adverse effects on skeletal health. Future research priorities include better definition of the mechanisms underlying increased fracture risk in T2DM and optimal strategies for identifying and treating those at high risk.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Frailty: mind the gap. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 14, 2019   
    The label of 'frail', being linked to mental or moral weakness, has pejorative implications and care should be taken to avoid the adverse functional effects of negative priming.Here, we suggest pathways for future studies to provide a stronger evidence base to apply this important concept. This research is essential to avoid frailty becoming the new cloak of ageism, a tool for discrimination and disempowerment applied to the most vulnerable.
  • ||||||||||  Preclinical, Journal, Tumor Mutational Burden:  Clonal expansion of mitochondrial DNA deletions is a private mechanism of aging in long-lived animals. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 14, 2019   
    elegans is likely too short to allow for significant clonal expansion of mtDNA deletions. Together, these findings suggest that clonal expansion of mtDNA deletions is likely a private mechanism of aging predominantly relevant in long-lived animals such as humans and rhesus monkey and possibly in rodents.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Screening for low muscularity in colorectal cancer patients: a valid, clinic-friendly approach that predicts mortality. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 14, 2019   
    Clinic-friendly methods that assess linear area from CT scans are an accurate screening tool to identify low skeletal muscle among non-metastatic colorectal cancer patients. These linear measures are associated with mortality after colorectal cancer, suggesting they could be clinically useful both to improve prognostication and to provide a practical screening tool to identify cancer patients who require nutrition or exercise intervention.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Oxidative stress-induced dysregulation of excitation-contraction coupling contributes to muscle weakness. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 14, 2019   
    Our data suggest that the muscle weakness in Sod1 and old WT mice is in part driven by reactive oxygen species-mediated EC uncoupling and supports a role for reduced SERCA pump activity in compromised muscle function. The novel quantitative mechanistic data provided here can lead to potential therapeutic interventions of SERCA dysfunction for sarcopenia and muscle diseases.
  • ||||||||||  Retrospective data, Review, Journal:  Prevalence of rheumatoid cachexia in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 14, 2019   
    Meta-analysis showed a prevalence of rheumatoid cachexia of 15-32%, according to different criteria, demonstrating that this condition is a frequent comorbidity of rheumatoid arthritis. To better understand its clinical impact, more studies using standardized definitions and prospective evaluations are urgently needed.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Review, Journal:  Get a grip: individual variations in grip strength are a marker of brain health. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 14, 2019   
    The close and pervasive relationships between age-related declines in maximum grip strength and expressions of cognitive dysfunction can therefore be understood in terms of the convergent functional and structural mediation of cognitive and motor processes by the human brain. In the context of aging, maximum grip strength is a discriminating measure of neurological function and brain health.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Time to jump on the bandwagon: the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle in 2018. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 14, 2019   
    Against this backdrop, the "working group on anemia" of the German Geriatric Society has devised a second position paper:"Multicausality and the significant association between anemia and assessment-based quantifiable impairments suggest the consideration of anemia in the aged to be a geriatric syndrome." No abstract available
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Cellular and molecular mechanisms of sarcopenia: the S100B perspective. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 12, 2019   
    Herein, we review the essentials of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of skeletal mass maintenance; the alterations of myofiber metabolism and deranged properties of muscle satellite cells (the adult stem cells of skeletal muscles) that underpin the pathophysiology of primary sarcopenia; the role of the Ca -sensor protein, S100B, as an intracellular factor and an extracellular signal regulating cell functions; and the functional role of S100B in muscle tissue. Lastly, building on recent results pointing to S100B as to a molecular determinant of myoblast-brown adipocyte transition, we propose S100B as a transducer of the deleterious effects of accumulation of reactive oxygen species in myoblasts and, potentially, myofibers concurring to the pathophysiology of sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  A sarcopenia screening test predicts mortality in hospitalized older adults. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 11, 2019   
    Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis identified sarcopenia as a significant predictor of 3-year all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 2.06; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-4.15). In conclusion, sarcopenia, estimated by Ishii's formula, can predict 3-year all-cause mortality in a study population of hospitalized older adults.