Sarcopenia
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  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Circulating MicroRNAs in Plasma Decrease in Response to Sarcopenia in the Elderly. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 21, 2020   
    In conclusion, plasma miR-208b, miR-499, miR-155, miR-222, miR-328, and miR-210 decrease in response to sarcopenia in the elderly. Although further studies are needed to clarify the potential use of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of sarcopenia, present findings set the stage for defining circulating miRNAs as biomarkers and suggesting their physiological roles in elderly with sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Platelets and cancer-associated thrombosis: focusing on the platelet activation receptor CLEC-2 and podoplanin. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 19, 2020   
    CLEC-2 depletion in cancer-bearing mice resulted in not only reduced cancer-associated thrombosis but also reduced levels of plasma inflammatory cytokines, anemia, and sarcopenia, suggesting that cancer-associated thrombosis may cause thromboinflammation and cancer cachexia. Blocking CLEC-2-podoplanin interaction may be a novel therapeutic strategy in patients with podoplanin-expressing cancer.
  • ||||||||||  Biomarker, Journal:  ICFSR Task Force Perspective on Biomarkers for Sarcopenia and Frailty. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 19, 2020   
    Proposed biomarkers of frailty include markers of inflammation, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response to stress, altered glucose insulin dynamics, endocrine dysregulation, aging, and others, acknowledging the complex multisystem etiology that contributes to frailty. Lack of clarity regarding a regulatory pathway for biomarker development has hindered progress; however, there are currently several international efforts to develop such biomarkers as tools to improve the treatment of individuals presenting these conditions.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Clinically Meaningful Change for Physical Performance: Perspectives of the ICFSR Task Force. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 19, 2020   
    They concluded that clinical meaningful change is contextually dependent, and that both anchor- based and distribution-based methods of quantifying physical function are informative and should be evaluated relative to patient-reported outcomes. In addition, they identified additional research needed to enable setting criteria for clinical meaningful change in trials.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Cystatin C: A Primer for Pharmacists. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 19, 2020   
    Use of eGFR equations incorporating cysC should be reserved for drug management in scenarios with demonstrated outcomes, including to improve pharmacodynamic target attainment for antibiotics or reduce drug toxicity. This article provides an overview of cysC, discusses evidence around its use in medication dosing and in special populations, and describes practical considerations for application and implementation.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Central and Peripheral Neuromuscular Adaptations to Ageing. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 19, 2020   
    Nevertheless, there is no clear insight on how such structural reorganisation contributes to the age-related functional decline and whether it is a result of a neural malfunction or serves as a compensatory mechanism to preserve motor control and performance in the elderly population. Combining leading-edge techniques such as high-density surface electromyography (EMG) and improved diagnostic procedures such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or high-resolution electroencephalography (EEG) could be essential to address the unresolved controversies and achieve an extensive understanding of the relationship between neural adaptations and muscle decline.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Role of endothelial NAD+ deficiency in age-related vascular dysfunction. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 18, 2020   
    The preventive and therapeutic potential of NAD intermediates as effective, clinically relevant interventions in older adults at risk for ischemic heart disease, vascular cognitive impairment and other common geriatric conditions and diseases that involve vascular pathologies (e.g. sarcopenia, frailty) is critically discussed. We propose that NAD precursors (e.g., nicotinamide riboside, nicotinamide mononucleotide, niacin) should be considered as a critical component of combination therapies to slow the vascular aging process and increase cardiovascular health span.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  The impact of muscle function, muscle mass and sarcopenia on independent ageing in very old Swedish men. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 18, 2020   
    We propose that NAD precursors (e.g., nicotinamide riboside, nicotinamide mononucleotide, niacin) should be considered as a critical component of combination therapies to slow the vascular aging process and increase cardiovascular health span. For very old men, especially a higher gait speed, but also a higher hand grip strength and a faster chair stand test, were associated with independent ageing, while skeletal muscle index alone, and the composite sarcopenia phenotype measured with two different definitions, were not.
  • ||||||||||  Retrospective data, Review, Journal:  The impact of computed tomography-assessed sarcopenia on outcomes for trauma patients - a systematic review and meta-analysis. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 18, 2020   
    For very old men, especially a higher gait speed, but also a higher hand grip strength and a faster chair stand test, were associated with independent ageing, while skeletal muscle index alone, and the composite sarcopenia phenotype measured with two different definitions, were not. Sarcopenia identified by CT is associated with increased risk of inpatient, 30-day, and 1-year mortality in trauma patients.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Sarcopenia in systemic sclerosis: the impact of nutritional, clinical, and laboratory features. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 18, 2020   
    Age, disease duration, malnutrition, FM, mRSS, capillaroscopy score, esophageal involvement, ESR, and ENA positivity are higher in the sarcopenic group, while DLCO is lower. By using both RSMI and HGS to assess sarcopenia in SSc, the results of this study demonstrated that this condition correlates with different nutritional, clinical, and biochemical parameters associated with the worsening of the disease.
  • ||||||||||  Increased Myostatin as a Negative Regulator of Muscle Regeneration Potential in Sarcopenic COPD Patients: Clinical Implications (PENNSYLVANIA CONVENTION CENTER, Hall D-E (200 Level), Area C) -  Mar 15, 2020 - Abstract #ATS2020ATS_10236;    
    The rise in myostatin levels seen in the sarcopenic muscles would lead to the conclusion that this pathway may have interfered with the process of muscle cell proliferation early on during the regeneration process, thus leading to poor muscle growth and development following injury in COPD patients with sarcopenia. Hence, this may be another relevant mechanism of muscle mass loss in COPD with clinical implications.
  • ||||||||||  Sarcopenia in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Prevalence and Clinical Correlates (PENNSYLVANIA CONVENTION CENTER, Hall D-E (200 Level), Area D) -  Mar 15, 2020 - Abstract #ATS2020ATS_10044;    
    Future strategies may need to be considered to aid with early detection and management. In patients with COPD, the prevalence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia is 17% and is associated with low exercise capacity, worse respiratory disability and impaired health status.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Beneficial Effects of Leucine Supplementation on Criteria for Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 14, 2020   
    For sarcopenia-associated with specific disorders, the most promising effects of leucine supplementation are reported for the rehabilitation of post-stroke patients and in those with liver cirrhosis. Further placebo-controlled trials will be necessary to determine the effects of leucine and to evaluate sarcopenia with the criteria recommended by official Working Groups, thereby limiting the variability of methodological issues for sarcopenia measurement across studies.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  What are the association patterns between handgrip strength and adverse health conditions? A topical review. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 14, 2020   
    From this perusal of the literature, we posit that stand-alone handgrip strength be considered an umbrella assessment of the body systems that contribute to strength capacity, and a panoptic measurement of muscle strength that is representative of overall health status, not a specific health condition. Recommendations for future strength capacity-related research are also provided.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Impact of edema on length of calf circumference in older adults. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 13, 2020   
    When using calf circumference to assess muscle mass in patients with edema, the increase in circumference should be subtracted from the baseline circumference for an accurate assessment. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 993-998.