Sarcopenia
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  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Bench stepping with incremental heights improves muscle volume, strength and functional performance in older women. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 16, 2020   
    Our present results demonstrated that continuous brain exposure of Pg-LPS started sarcopenia and cardiac injury without enhancing cognitive impairment in AD model mice. Our results indicate that bench step training with incremental step heights simultaneously improves functional ability, thigh muscle volume and force-velocity characteristics of the knee extensors in older women.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Counteracting sarcopenia: the role of IGF-1 isoforms. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 16, 2020   
    These results relate neuromuscular electrophysiological characteristics to the complex frailty syndrome and identify motor unit remodelling as a possible contributing factor. No abstract available
  • ||||||||||  Biomarker, Review, Journal:  If my muscle could talk: Myokines as a biomarker of frailty. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 16, 2020   
    Myokines may act in autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine manner and regulate several processes associated with physical frailty, including muscle wasting, dynapenia, and slowness. This review discusses the rationale to support the use of myokines as biomarkers of frailty in older adults.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Muscle strength is increased in mice that are colonized with microbiota from high-functioning older adults. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 16, 2020   
    In contrast, despite significant differences for the percentage of whole body lean mass and physical functioning when comparing the human fecal donors, the percentage of whole body lean mass and treadmill endurance capacity were not different when comparing human microbiome-containing mice. In sum, these data suggest a role for gut bacteria on the maintenance of muscle strength, but argue against a role for gut bacteria on the maintenance of the percentage of whole body lean mass or endurance capacity, findings that collectively add to elucidation of the gut-muscle axis in older adults.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  The difference in referencing in Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 16, 2020   
    Decreased BMI might serve as an indicator for sarcopenia in this population, in which the presence of sarcopenic obesity is rare. Scopus and Google Scholar on average have a higher citation count than WoS, whereas the difference is much larger between Google Scholar and WoS.
  • ||||||||||  Trial initiation date:  Sarcopenia in Older Patients in the Acute Hospital Setting (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Jul 16, 2020   
    P=N/A,  N=50, Not yet recruiting, 
    However, the lack of an association between SMI and clinical response suggests that sarcopenia may be generally prognostic in this setting rather than specifically predictive of response to immunotherapy. Initiation date: Mar 2020 --> Aug 2020
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Emerging applications of clinical ultrasonography. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 15, 2020   
    In the current document, we introduce the numerous emerging areas and frontiers in the use of point-of-care clinical ultrasonography. Of these, we review the following 3: 1) the use of clinical ultrasonography in infectious and tropical diseases (we address it's usefulness in the diagnosis and follow-up of the main syndromes, tropical diseases and in areas with scarce resources); 2) the usefulness of clinical ultrasonography in the assessment of response to volume infusion in severely ill patients (we review basic concepts and the main static and dynamic variables employed for this evaluation); and 3) the use of clinical ultrasonography in the assessment of muscle mass in elderly patients with primary sarcopenia (we review the main muscles and measurements employed for them it.
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] Machine Learning-Based Physical Activity Tracking with a View to Frailty Analysis (524c (133)) -  Jul 15, 2020 - Abstract #EMBC2020EMBC_321;    
    The first one is based on deep learning, where feature extraction is done manually, by constructing activity images from raw signals and applying convolutional neural networks to learn optimal features from these images. The second one is based on shallow learning, where hundreds of handcrafted features are extracted manually, followed by a novel feature selection approach to retain the most discriminant subset.
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] Involvement of Parkin-mediated mitophagy in COPD-related sarcopenia pathogenesis (Pre-congress content) -  Jul 15, 2020 - Abstract #ERS2020ERS_3626;    
    A larger study is ongoing to confirm the prognostic significance and biological associations of this. These results suggest that reduction of Parkin can be involved in sarcopenia formation through impaired myogenic differentiation and reduced mitophagy during COPD pathogenesis.
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] SERUM ?-2-MICROGLOBULIN CORRELATES WITH COPD OUTCOMES AND PREDICTS FUTURE HOSPITALIZATION. (Pre-congress content) -  Jul 15, 2020 - Abstract #ERS2020ERS_3466;    
    Cox regresion multivariate analysis including Age, Sex, FEV1, mMRC Dyspnoea score and exacerbator phenotype estimates a relative risk of 15, 89 (CI 95% 3,9-63,5) (p<0,001) for patients with β2M levels in the highest quartile. Conclusion β2-Microglobulin is a promising biomarker in COPD patients that can be used as a prognostic factor for COPD hospitalization.
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] Useful malnutrition diagnostic criteria for stable COPD in Japanese patients (Pre-congress content) -  Jul 15, 2020 - Abstract #ERS2020ERS_3084;    
    Conclusion β2-Microglobulin is a promising biomarker in COPD patients that can be used as a prognostic factor for COPD hospitalization. The GLIM criteria are useful for early detection of malnutrition, because fewer patients were judged to have good nutrition despite low FFMI or sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] The main predictors and consequences of osteosarcopenia in COPD patients (Pre-congress content) -  Jul 15, 2020 - Abstract #ERS2020ERS_2808;    
    Osteosarcopenia is a frequent pathology in COPD patients and it is associated with the severity of the underlying disease, the use of systemic glucocorticoids, low BMI and extremely severe bronchial obstruction. The patients with high risk of osteosarcopenia should be examined for VF during routine DXA.
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] Skeletal muscle dysfunction among COPD patients in Eastern Europe (Pre-congress content) -  Jul 15, 2020 - Abstract #ERS2020ERS_1495;    
    Isolated low muscle strength was present in every twelfth COPD patient that had more severe symptoms. SMD affected half of the COPD patients had worse lung function, exercise capacity, symptoms, life quality and the lowest containing of body fat.
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] Alterations in cardiovascular function in COPD and heart failure patients with sarcopenia (Pre-congress content) -  Jul 15, 2020 - Abstract #ERS2020ERS_1287;    
    SMD affected half of the COPD patients had worse lung function, exercise capacity, symptoms, life quality and the lowest containing of body fat. Sarcopenia is the most common complication in COPD and HF, having a major functional and mechanical alterations of the left ventricle that results in a depressed systolic function more important than in the subjects without sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] Frailty and Sarcopenia () -  Jul 14, 2020 - Abstract #ACRM2020ACRM_200;    
    Similar interventions were also used to improve physical performance in frail older adults, such as physical training programs (18-20), nutritional (21-23), physical training and nutritional (24-26), multicomponent (27-29), pharmacologic (30-32), and whole body vibration (33, 34). During the symposium, the most recent frailty network meta-analysis (Negm et al) (35) and the most recent frailty and sarcopenia guideline will be discussed (36, 37).
  • ||||||||||  Enrollment closed, Enrollment change:  The Role of Physical Activity for Acute Exacerbations of COPD (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Jul 14, 2020   
    P=N/A,  N=40, Active, not recruiting, 
    During the symposium, the most recent frailty network meta-analysis (Negm et al) (35) and the most recent frailty and sarcopenia guideline will be discussed (36, 37). Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=85 --> 40
  • ||||||||||  Invokana (canagliflozin) / J&J, Daiichi Sankyo, Mitsubishi Tanabe
    Clinical, Review, Journal:  Why Do Falls and Lower Limb Fractures Occur More Frequently in the Diabetic Patient and How Can They Be Prevented? (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 12, 2020   
    Utilization of insulin, hypotensive drugs, analgesics and perhaps canagliflozin further increases the risk...Following a hip fracture, mortality in the diabetic patient is increased largely because of cardiovascular events and pneumonia. Prevention of sarcopenia includes dietary therapy, vitamin D and testosterone replacement when appropriate.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Oncostatin M induces C2C12 myotube atrophy by modulating muscle differentiation and degradation. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 10, 2020   
    Finally, the OSM-induced changes in the expression levels of MyoD, myogenin, and atrogin-1 were reversed by pretreatment with an inhibitor of STAT3 or by Stat3 knockdown in C2C12 myotubes. In conclusion, OSM induces C2C12 myotube atrophy by inhibiting myogenic differentiation and activating muscle degradation in a STAT3-dependent manner.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Feed-forward Loop between Body Composition, Strength and Performance in Older Adults. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 10, 2020   
    The results also suggest that adverse changes in body composition would not only reduce the physical performance and grip strength, but the changes would further result in adverse changes in body composition. Our findings support the hypothesis that feed-forward loops are present between the components of the frailty syndrome at the time of development of frailty, which itself may be a manifestation of dysregulated energetics.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Review, Journal:  Tailoring Assessments and Prescription in Cardiac Rehabilitation for Older Adults: The Relevance of Geriatric Domains. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 10, 2020   
    Cardiac rehabilitation in older adults provides opportunity to assess sarcopenia, obesity, osteoporosis, frailty, falls risk, arthritis, cognition, special senses, self-efficacy, depression, social support, polypharmacy, and nutritional adequacy. Therefore, broadening standard assessments to include these domains can help detect modifiable vulnerabilities and inform therapeutic priorities.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Evaluating and Treating Frailty in Cardiac Rehabilitation. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 10, 2020   
    After a cardiovascular hospitalization, older patients are at increased risk for deconditioning and functional decline and thus should be evaluated for frailty and targeted for early CR referral. At the initial CR visit, frail older patients should undergo a 6-minute walk test and short physical performance battery to tailor their aerobic and resistance exercise plan, and they should be screened for geriatric impairments and environmental barriers to facilitate their participation in centre-based or home-based CR.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Review, Journal:  Cardiac Rehabilitation in Older Adults with Heart Failure: Fitting a Square Peg in a Round Hole. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 10, 2020   
    This review summarizes the state of the science and specific knowledge gaps regarding older adults with HF. The authors discuss the importance of geriatric complexities in the design and implementation of CR, summarize promising future research in this area, and provide a clinical framework for current CR clinicians to follow when considering the specific needs of older adults with HF.