Sarcopenia
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  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Ultrasound imaging, a stethoscope for body composition assessment. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 4, 2020   
    Ultrasonography (US), a fast, non-invasive, low-cost and widely available technique, holds great potential in the study of BC, as it can directly measure muscles, organs, visceral and subcutaneous fat tissue in different sections of the abdomen and body, overcoming some limits of anthropometric evaluation and other imaging techniques. Purpose of this review article is to explore the technical aspects and the applied methods of US examination to assess the potential clinical role of this technique in the context of BC characterization, investigating four pivotal topics [abdominal fat compartments, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), skeletal muscle, liver].
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Review, Journal:  Diabetes and Muscle Dysfunction in Older Adults. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 4, 2020   
    Assessments of functional status and geriatric syndrome including sarcopenia or frailty should be mandatory in older adults with diabetes to promote early interventions based on physical exercise and nutrition education. This brief review discussed age-associated and diabetes-associated muscle changes and their association with functional decline.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy as a Risk Factor for Sarcopenia. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 4, 2020   
    In this population with type 2 diabetes, patients with sarcopenia had higher neuropathy questionnaire scores than those without sarcopenia. Therefore, active screening for sarcopenia should be performed in subjects with DPN.
  • ||||||||||  Opdivo (nivolumab) / Ono Pharma, BMS
    Journal:  The impact of body composition parameters on severe toxicity of nivolumab. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 2, 2020   
    SO at T1 was the most impactful risk factor for mortality. Our results highlight the importance of assessing body composition and suggest that sarcopenia could predict severe immune-related toxicity of nivolumab in real life.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Impact of Sarcopenia on Degenerative Lumbar Spondylosis. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 1, 2020   
    The presence of sarcopenia in patients preoperatively may lead to worse postoperative outcomes. Research in the treatment options for sarcopenia presurgery is still in its infancy but exercise (both aerobic and resistance exercise have been found to slow down the rate of decline in muscle mass and strength with aging) and nutrition have been utilized to varying success and show great promise in the future.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Advance in Drug Delivery for Ageing Skeletal Muscle. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 1, 2020   
    Herein, we briefly recapitulate the potential therapeutic targets of aged skeletal muscle and provide a concise advance in the drug delivery systems, mainly focus on the use of nano-carriers. Furthermore, we elaborately discuss the prospect of aged skeletal muscle treatment by nanotechnology approaches.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Specificity of anemic syndrome in geriatric patients with chronic kidney disease. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 30, 2020   
    Progressive deterioration of kidney function in old age is associated with an increased risk of fractures, sarcopenia, and the development of cognitive impairment. Also, nephrogenic anemia aggravates the prognosis in patients with cardiovascular diseases, which is associated with an increase in myocardial ischemia, an increase in tissue hypoxia, a progression of left ventricular hypertrophy, and a decrease in left ventricular systolic function.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Relationship between Osteosarcopenia and Frailty in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 30, 2020   
    On multivariate analysis, frailty was an independent factor associated with osteosarcopenia (odds ratio (OR), 9.837; p < 0.001), and vice versa (OR, 10.069; p < 0.001). Osteosarcopenia and frailty were prevalent, closely interrelated, and increased the risk of vertebral fracture in patients with CLD.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Association of muscle and visceral adipose tissues with the probability of Alzheimer's disease in healthy subjects. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 29, 2020   
    Muscle area (β: -0.640; P = 0.043) and skeletal muscle index (β: -0.557; P = 0.043) were independently associated with the PALZ score in elderly subjects after adjustments for sex, duration of education, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking and drinking status. Increased muscle tissue was associated with a lower probability of AD in elderly subjects, but VAT was not associated with a lower probability of AD in middle-or older-aged adults.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Clinical and biological characterization of skeletal muscle tissue biopsies of surgical cancer patients. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 29, 2020   
    Continued collaboration between researchers and cancer surgeons enables a more complete understanding of mechanisms of cancer-associated muscle atrophy. Standardization of biobanking practices, tissue manipulation, patient characterization, and classification will enhance the consistency, reliability, and comparability of future studies.
  • ||||||||||  Retrospective data, Review, Journal:  Sarcopenia and ovarian cancer survival: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 29, 2020   
    In addition, our findings lead to additional questions of the underlying mechanisms by which some muscles are maintained with age while others are not. Whereas our meta-analysis indicated that a low SMI and low SMRA are associated with survival in ovarian cancer patients, the low quality of the source data precludes drawing definitive conclusions.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  The Copenhagen Sarcopenia Study: lean mass, strength, power, and physical function in a Danish cohort aged 20-93 years. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 29, 2020   
    Regardless of sex, 30 s STS was reduced from the age of ≥50 years compared with the young reference group (P < 0.001) While the power-based measurements (LEP and 30 s STS) started to decline already at age +50 years, less power-based parameters (GS and HGS) and lean mass characteristics (TLM, ALM, and ALM/h ) remained unaltered until after the age of +70 years. Notably, the cut-off thresholds derived in the present study differed from earlier reference data, which underlines the importance of obtaining updated and local reference materials.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Differentially methylated gene patterns between age-matched sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic women. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 29, 2020   
    Our results improve understanding of epigenetic mechanisms of sarcopenia by identifying sarcopenia-related DNA methylation differences in blood samples of older women. These methylation differences suggest underlying alterations of gene expression and pathway function, which can partially explain sarcopenia-related muscular changes.
  • ||||||||||  Journal, Heterogeneity:  BubR1 allelic effects drive phenotypic heterogeneity in mosaic-variegated aneuploidy progeria syndrome. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 29, 2020   
    Additionally, mice carrying monoallelic BubR1 mutations were prone to select MVA-related pathologies later in life, with predisposition to sarcopenia correlating with mTORC1 hyperactivity. Together, these data demonstrate that BUBR1 allelic effects beyond protein level and aneuploidy contribute to disease heterogeneity in both MVA patients and heterozygous carriers of MVA mutations.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Ultrasound Imaging and Rehabilitation of Muscle Disorders Part 2. Non-Traumatic Conditions. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 29, 2020   
    While trying to summarize the whole spectrum (e.g. myofascial pain syndrome, inflammatory diseases, neuromuscular disorders), special emphasis will be given to sarcopenia which is, by far, the most challenging clinical condition in the era of 'aging world'. Of note, rehabilitation as regards the exemplified problems will also be briefed throughout.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Malnutrition in the elderly. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 29, 2020   
    Changes that occur naturally throughout the ageing process place the elderly population at greater risk of malnourishment. This review discusses the significance, causes, consequences and assessment of malnutrition in the elderly.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Systematic rapid "living" review on rehabilitation needs due to covid-19: update to march 31st 2020. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 29, 2020   
    Main messages included: 1) early rehabilitation should be granted to inpatients with COVID-19; 2) people with restricted mobility due to quarantine or lockdown should receive exercise programs to reduce the risk of frailty, sarcopenia, cognitive decline and depression; 3) telerehabilitation may represent the first option for people at home. Further updates are warranted in order to characterize the emerging disability in COVID-19 survivors and the adverse effects on the health of chronically disabled people.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Selecting Appropriate Sarcopenia Screening Methods for Asian Populations. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 28, 2020   
    A significant age-dependent increase in fat mass in women showed that the most appropriate adjustment method is wSMI for women and hSMI for men. Nevertheless, a primary HS survey is recommended for both sexes in Asian populations.