- |||||||||| Retrospective data, Review, Journal: Exercise Programs for Muscle Mass, Muscle Strength and Physical Performance in Older Adults with Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 9, 2020
Muscle strength (grip strength [SMD 0.57, 95 % CI 0.42 to 0.73, P <0.00001] and timed five chair stands [SMD -0.56, 95 % CI -0.85 to -0.28, P < 0.0001]) and physical performance (gait speed [SMD 0.44, 95 % CI 0.26 to 0.61, P < 0.00001] and the timed up and go test [SMD -0.97, 95 % CI -1.22 to -0.72, P < 0.00001]) showed significant improvement following exercise treatment, while no differences in muscle mass (ASM [SMD 0.15, 95 % CI -0.05 to 0.36, P = 0.15] and ASM/height [SMD 0.21, 95 % CI -0.05 to 0.48, P = 0.12]) were detected. Exercise programs showed overall significant positive effects on muscle strength and physical performance but not on muscle mass in sarcopenic older adults.
- |||||||||| NN1213 / Novo Nordisk
Trial completion, Trial completion date: Role of the Gut Microbiome on Lean Mass and Physical Function in Older Adults (clinicaltrials.gov) - Aug 8, 2020
P=N/A, N=29, Completed,
Exercise programs showed overall significant positive effects on muscle strength and physical performance but not on muscle mass in sarcopenic older adults. Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Apr 2020 --> Nov 2019
- |||||||||| NN1213 / Novo Nordisk
Trial completion: A Physical Activity Program in End-state Liver Disease (clinicaltrials.gov) - Aug 8, 2020
P=N/A, N=20, Completed,
Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Apr 2020 --> Nov 2019 Active, not recruiting --> Completed
- |||||||||| Journal: Impact of sarcopenia on diaphragm muscle fatigue. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 8, 2020
We conclude that ageing increases the relative contribution of type I and IIa fibres to DIAm force with decreased contributions of type IIx and/or IIb fibres. The residual force generated by the DIAm after repeated stimulation is sufficient to accomplish ventilatory behaviours, regardless of age.
- |||||||||| Enrollment change, Trial withdrawal: Improvement of Sarcopenia in Patients Following Two Different Diets (clinicaltrials.gov) - Aug 8, 2020
P=N/A, N=0, Withdrawn,
Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Mar 2017 --> Jul 2020 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2010 --> Jul 2020 N=40 --> 0 | Not yet recruiting --> Withdrawn
- |||||||||| Preclinical, Journal: An Overview of Neuromuscular Junction Aging Findings in Human and Animal Studies. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 7, 2020
It is vital that neurologists clearly understand the pathophysiology of NMJ aging and differentiate between physiological and pathological effects of aging. With the current knowledge of science, the changes in NMJ aging can be better prevented rather than cured.
- |||||||||| Clinical, Journal: HoSAGE: Sarcopenia in Older Patients before and after Treatment with Androgen Deprivation Therapy and Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 7, 2020
This preliminary study showed a high prevalence of muscle disorders before initiation of ADT in a population of elderly cancer prostate patients with intermediate frailty status, and an increased risk of falls at the end of ADT. This highlighted the importance of screening for sarcopenia before treatment initiation, to prevent the occurrence or aggravation of sarcopenia by possible adjustment of treatment, and implementation of appropriate exercise and nutrition interventions.
- |||||||||| Clinical, Journal: The prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia among community living elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary care clinics in Malaysia. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 7, 2020
Those aged ≥70 years (β = 0.73;OR = 2.07; 95%CI = 1.24, 3.48; p = 0.006), men (β = 0.61; OR = 1.84; 95%CI = 1.12, 3.02; p = 0.017), with ≥10 years duration of diabetes (β = 0.62; OR = 1.85; 95%CI = 1.11, 3.09; p = 0.018), not using insulin sensitizers (β = -1.44; OR = 0.24; 95%CI = 0.08, 0.71; p = 0.010), using less than 5 medications (β = 0.68; OR = 1.98; 95%CI = 1.17, 3.36; p = 0.011), low body mass index (BMI) (β = -2.43; OR = 0.09; 95%CI = 0.05, 0.17; p<0.001), and engaging in low (β = 0.77; OR = 2.15; 95%CI = 1.07, 4.35; p = 0.032) and moderate physical activities (β = 0.80; OR = 2.23; 95%CI = 1.07, 4.66; p = 0.033) were associated with sarcopenia. Factors that predicts sarcopenia such as level of physical activity and body mass index were among the modifiable factors that could be used in developing future strategies to prevent or delay the progression of sarcopenia among elderly with T2DM to improve their health status.
- |||||||||| Journal: Sarcopenia: hand grip dynamometers, the latest addition to the doctor's bag. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 7, 2020
Factors that predicts sarcopenia such as level of physical activity and body mass index were among the modifiable factors that could be used in developing future strategies to prevent or delay the progression of sarcopenia among elderly with T2DM to improve their health status. No abstract available
- |||||||||| Lenvima (lenvatinib) / Eisai, Merck (MSD)
Clinical, Journal: Impact of Grip Strength in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Lenvatinib. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 7, 2020
A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed that modified albumin-bilirubin-grade (mALBI) 2b (hazard ratio (HR) 4.39) and a decreased GS (HR 3.55) were independently associated with an increased risk of poor prognosis. In addition to the hepatic functional reserve, a decreased GS was a poor prognostic factor in lenvatinib-treated u-HCC patients.
- |||||||||| Biomarker, Journal: The Role of Imaging Biomarkers in the Assessment of Sarcopenia. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 6, 2020
Knowing the correlation of clinical parameters and imaging-derived muscle quality indicators can help to identify older women at risk of developing sarcopenia at an early stage. This may allow taking preventive actions to decrease disability, morbidity, and mortality in sarcopenia patients.
- |||||||||| Review: Understanding Muscle Protein Dynamics: Technical Considerations for Advancing Sarcopenia Research. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 6, 2020
Despite research efforts, no practical therapeutics have been successfully discovered possibly because of a lack of understanding of the dynamic nature of muscle protein, and the use of indirect assessments of muscle mass. Herein, we briefly discuss the regulation of protein turnover in response to the abovementioned anabolic stimuli with respect to anabolic resistance and optimal protein intake, followed by methodological considerations for advancing sarcopenia research, including assessments of muscle mass and dynamics.
- |||||||||| Biomarker, Clinical, Journal: Total Psoas Area Index is Valuable to Assess Sarcopenia, Sarcopenic Overweight/Obesity and Predict Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Open Pancreatoduodenectomy. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 6, 2020
In multivariate logistic regression, rate of major complications was associated with TPAI [OR=0.605, 95% CI (0.414, 0.883), P=0.009], TPAI-defined sarcopenia [OR=8.256, 95% CI (2.890, 23.583), P=0.000] and sarcopenic overweight/obesity [OR=7.462, 95% CI (2.084, 26.724), P=0.002]; meanwhile, NRS2002-defined nutritional risk and GLIM-defined malnutrition did not show relationship with major complications. Both sarcopenia and sarcopenic overweight/obesity determined by new TPAI cut-off values were associated with a higher rate of major complications and adverse outcomes in Chinese patients undergoing open PD whereas usual nutritional assessment was not.
- |||||||||| Journal: Increased resting metabolism in neurofibromatosis type 1. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 5, 2020
These findings were associated with lower ALM and Smax, possibly indicating premature sarcopenia in this population. Further investigation concerning energy metabolism in NF1 and gender differences may be helpful in explaining underlying mechanisms of these changes.
- |||||||||| Journal: Phase angle as a marker for sarcopenia in cirrhosis. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 5, 2020
Further investigation concerning energy metabolism in NF1 and gender differences may be helpful in explaining underlying mechanisms of these changes. In male patients with cirrhosis, low PA values may reflect disease prognosis by correlating to sarcopenia among other clinical/nutritional changes and performed as a good marker for this main nutritional complication when ≤5.05°.
- |||||||||| Biomarker, Clinical, Journal: Effect of whey protein supplementation combined with resistance training on body composition, muscular strength, functional capacity, and plasma-metabolism biomarkers in older women with sarcopenic obesity: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 5, 2020
P=N/A
Whey protein combined with RT increased ALST, and decreased total and trunk fat mass, improving sarcopenia and decreasing SO in older women, with a limited impact on inflammation. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier n° NCT03752359.
- |||||||||| Nexavar (sorafenib) / Bayer, Amgen
Clinical, Review, Journal: Clinical impact of sarcopenia assessment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing treatments. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 5, 2020
Further studies are needed to clarify the predictive value of sarcopenia in other HCC treatment settings and to evaluate its role as an additional staging tool for identifying the most appropriate treatment. Besides, interventional studies aiming at increasing the skeletal muscle mass for reducing complications and increasing the survival in patients with HCC are needed.
- |||||||||| Preclinical, Journal: Murine models of accelerated aging and musculoskeletal disease. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 4, 2020
Here, we provide a review of some of the most relevant murine models of accelerated aging that mimic many aspects of natural musculoskeletal aging, highlighting their relative strengths and weaknesses. Importantly, these murine models of accelerated aging recapitulate phenotypes of musculoskeletal age-related decline observed in humans.
- |||||||||| Journal: Mitochondrial adaptations to high intensity interval training in older females and males. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 4, 2020
Mitochondrial respiratory capacity normalised to CS activity (intrinsic mitochondrial respiratory capacity) did not change following HIIT. HIIT induces favourable adaptions in skeletal muscle in older subjects by increasing mitochondrial content, which may help to maintain muscle oxidative capacity and slow down the process of sarcopenia associated with ageing.
- |||||||||| Journal: Strength Abilities in Men 50+ as an Effect of Long-Distance Run Training. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 4, 2020
These studies indirectly confirm the effect of strengthening slow-twitch motor units in men aged 50 (Doherty & Brown 1993; Kanda & Hashizume 1989). In addition, stimulating the body through physical effort helps it also to maintain a high level of strength symmetry, which is a preventive factor in reducing the number of injuries.
- |||||||||| Retrospective data, Review, Journal: Differences in the Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling, Nursing Home and Hospitalized Individuals. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 4, 2020
Despite the differences encountered between the studies, regarding diagnostic tools used to measure of muscle mass, different regions around the world and different populations and clinical settings, this systematic review revealed that a significant proportion of old people has sarcopenia (major in nursing homes), even in populations healthy in general. However, sarcopenia is caused by the aging progress, early diagnosis and individualized care, including physical activity and nutrition, can prevent some adverse outcomes in all populations.
- |||||||||| Review, Journal: Established paths and new avenues: a review of the main radiological techniques for investigating sarcopenia. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 4, 2020
In particular, regarding MRI, the use of sequences like diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and mapping that could provide further insights into the physiopathological features of sarcopenia, should be fostered. In an era pointing to the quantification and automatic evaluation of diseases, we call for future research extending the application of organ tailored protocols, taking advantage of the most recent technical developments.
- |||||||||| Review, Journal: Body composition with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry: from basics to new tools. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 4, 2020
The possible use of adipose indices will be considered, such as the fat mass index (FMI) or the android/gynoid ratio, as well as lipodystrophy indices and the evaluation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Whenever available, we will provide possible cut-off diagnostic values for each of these LM and FM indices, according to current literature and guidelines.
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