Sarcopenia
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  • ||||||||||  sirolimus / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Glutamine-stimulated in vitro hypertrophy is preserved in muscle cells from older women. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 7, 2021   
    Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the anabolic response [cell size, protein synthesis and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway] to the AA glutamine (a strong anabolic AA highly present in skeletal muscle) in myotubes obtained from 8 young (YW; 21-35 yrs) and 8 older (OW; 65-70 yrs) healthy women...Apart from a lower glutamine-induced increase in P70S6 kinase phosphorylation in OW, no significant differences in other components of the mTOR pathway were observed between groups. Altogether, our data support the idea that the intrinsic capacity of muscle cells to respond to glutamine stimulation is preserved in healthy older women.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Non-Coding RNAs in the Transcriptional Network That Differentiates Skeletal Muscles of Sedentary from Long-Term Endurance- and Resistance-Trained Elderly. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 7, 2021   
    Validated targets of differentially expressed miRNA were grouped by KEGG analysis, which pointed to functional areas involved in cell cycle, cytoskeletal control, longevity, and many signaling pathways, including AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which had been shown to be pivotal in the modulation of the effects of high-intensity, life-long exercise training. The analysis of differentially expressed long-non-coding RNAs identified transcriptional networks, involving lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs, affecting processes in line with the beneficial role of exercise training.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Review, Journal:  Nutritional Deficiencies in Radiotherapy-Treated Head and Neck Cancer Patients. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 7, 2021   
    However, the number of studies investigating potential predictive markers for the mentioned purposes is still significantly limited. This literature review summarizes the incidence of nutritional deficiencies in HNC patients prior to therapy and after the commencement of RT, and presents recent perspectives for the prediction of unfavorable nutritional changes developing as a result of applied RT.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Functional Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Supercomplex Assembly Factors and Their Involvement in Muscle Quality. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 5, 2021   
    In this article, we review the distinct mechanisms underlying the promotion or stabilization of mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplex assembly by supercomplex assembly factors. Further, we introduce regulatory pathways of mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplex assembly and discuss the roles of supercomplex assembly factors and regulatory pathways in skeletal muscles and adipose tissues, believing that this will lead to discovery of potential targets for prevention and treatment of muscle disorders such as sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal, Adverse events:  The association of body composition parameters and adverse events in women receiving chemotherapy for early breast cancer. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 5, 2021   
    Further, we introduce regulatory pathways of mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplex assembly and discuss the roles of supercomplex assembly factors and regulatory pathways in skeletal muscles and adipose tissues, believing that this will lead to discovery of potential targets for prevention and treatment of muscle disorders such as sarcopenia. Among CT-derived measures of body composition, myosteatosis determined at any of three SMD cut points was associated with total and individual adverse events during chemotherapy for early breast cancer.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  INSL3: a marker of Leydig cell function and testis-bone-skeletal muscle network. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 5, 2021   
    The evidence provided, suggested that the measurement of INSL3 levels should be considered in the clinical management of male hypogonadism and in the evaluation of testicular endocrine function. The monitoring of INSL3 levels could allow an early detection of Leydig cell damage, even when testosterone levels are still in the normal range.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Contribution of uremic dysbiosis to insulin resistance and sarcopenia. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 4, 2021   
    HB-PAP maintained physical performance and improved aerobic fitness according to 6MWT but not CPET, supporting the use of personal activity trackers to monitor/guide home-based prehabilitation programs in cirrhosis. Uremic dysbiosis induces IR and sarcopenia, leaky gut and lipodystrophy.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Three pleiotropic loci associated with bone mineral density and lean body mass. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 4, 2021   
    Combining the results from discovery meta-analysis and replication sample, we identified three genomic loci at the genome-wide significance level (p < 5.0 × 10): 2p23.2 (lead SNP rs4477866, discovery p = 3.47 × 10, replication p = 1.03 × 10), 16q12.2 (rs1421085, discovery p = 2.04 × 10, replication p = 6.47 × 10) and 18q21.32 (rs11152213, discovery p = 3.47 × 10, replication p = 6.69 × 10). Our findings not only provide useful insights into lean mass and bone mass development, but also enhance our understanding of the potential genetic correlation between BMD and LBM.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Clinical Trial,Phase I, Clinical Trial,Phase II, Journal:  Sarcopenia: Tilting the Balance of Protein Homeostasis. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 3, 2021   
    Here, we review recent findings on the implications of disrupting protein homeostasis, especially in the context of mTOR/AKT signaling, on muscle physiology and its influence on sarcopenia. Understanding the role of these molecular mechanisms during the aging process will contribute towards the development of physical and chemical therapies that will improve protein metabolism and reduce sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Re-Setting the Circadian Clock Using Exercise against Sarcopenia. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 3, 2021   
    In this review, we provide the evidence of the impact of circadian disruption on skeletal muscle loss resulting in sarcopenia. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of exercise timing (i.e., scheduled physical activity) as a novel therapeutic strategy to target circadian disruption in skeletal muscle.
  • ||||||||||  Enrollment closed:  Assessment of Nutritional Status of Patients With Crohn's Disease (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Feb 3, 2021   
    P=N/A,  N=250, Active, not recruiting, 
    Moreover, there is a need to determine the effect of resistance exercise training and protein intake associated with SARMs in the treatment of patients with muscle wasting. Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] S38. Assessing and Optimizing Musculoskeletal Health in the Elderly (On-Demand) -  Feb 2, 2021 - Abstract #ENDO2021ENDO_2305;    
    Sarcopenia and frailty further complicate the risk of fall and fracture. Nutrition also becomes an important factor in such patients, especially in the setting of weight loss and nutritional deficiencies such as hypovitaminosis D.
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] Irisin Precursor FNDC5 and Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (On-Demand) -  Feb 2, 2021 - Abstract #ENDO2021ENDO_1183;    
    Mean FNDC5/irisin was 18.69±3.67 ng/mL. Although there were no differences in DXA and BIA analyses according to first and top quartiles of serum FNDC5, we identified a negative correlation of serum FNDC5 with fasting plasma glucose (−0.479; P=0.001) and a positive correlation with age (0.422; P=0.004).
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] The Association Between Time in Range %, and Physical & Functional Indices Amongst Older People With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross Sectional Study (On-Demand) -  Feb 2, 2021 - Abstract #ENDO2021ENDO_1169;    
    After adjustment for age and gender, we found that 1% increase in TIR was associated with a 0.341 higher score on the 30 second Sit to Stand score (a measure of lower extremity strength) (P-value=0.02), a 0.351 higher score on the BERG scale (a measure of balance) (P-value=0.01), a 0.271 lower score on the timed up and go score (a measure of fall risk and balance) (P-value=0.008), a 0.289 higher score on the 6-minute walk score (a measure of aerobic capacity and endurance) (P-value=0.02) and a 0.261 lower score on the 360 turn test (a measure of dynamic balance) (P-value=0.0004).The same was not observed for the relationship between HGA1C & physical indices. Unless otherwise noted, all poster abstracts presented at ENDO 2021 are embargoed until 11 AM Eastern on Saturday, March 20.
  • ||||||||||  colchicine / Generic mfg.
    [VIRTUAL] Identifying a New Mechanism of Sarcopenia by Autophagy (On-Demand) -  Feb 2, 2021 - Abstract #ENDO2021ENDO_544;    
    Autophagy activity, examined by intraperitoneal administration of colchicine, was decreased.These results strongly suggest that Fyn is involved not only in the metabolic syndrome but also in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia, and may lead to a better understanding of the pathology of sarcopenia obesity and the development of therapeutic methods...For oral presentations, the abstracts are embargoed until the session begins. The Endocrine Society reserves the right to lift the embargo on specific abstracts that are selected for promotion prior to or during ENDO 2021.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Novel Insights into the Pathogenesis of Spinal Sarcopenia and Related Therapeutic Approaches: A Narrative Review. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 2, 2021   
    For treating spinal sarcopenia, nutrition, physical therapy, and medication have been proven to be effective; regenerative therapeutic options seem to be promising owing to their repair and regeneration potential. Therefore, in this narrative review, we summarize the characteristics, detection methodologies, and treatment options for spinal sarcopenia, as well as its role in spinal disorders.