Sarcopenia
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  • ||||||||||  Abraxane (albumin-bound paclitaxel) / BMS, Otsuka
    Clinical, Retrospective data, Journal:  The impact of cachexia and sarcopenia in elderly pancreatic cancer patients receiving palliative chemotherapy. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 23, 2021   
    The findings are important not only for lean mass but also for other complex diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, as ALM is shown to be a protective factor for type 2 diabetes. In our experience, cachexia was considered an effective tool in the management of elderly PC patients receiving palliative chemotherapy.
  • ||||||||||  Retrospective data, Review, Journal:  Association between sarcopenia and hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    We found a significantly higher risk of both mild and overt hepatic encephalopathy among cirrhotic patients with sarcopenia when compared with cirrhotic patients without sarcopenia with the pooled OR of 3.34 (95% CI: 1.68-6.67; I=37%) and 2.05 (95% CI: 1.28-3.29; I=61%), respectively. This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated a significant association between sarcopenia and hepatic encephalopathy among patients with cirrhosis.
  • ||||||||||  Biomarker, Review, Journal:  Oxidative stress and exceptional human longevity: Systematic review. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    Based on studies of medium-low quality, available evidence suggests that long-lived individuals display less oxidative damage, particularly lower plasma lipid peroxidation biomarkers, than controls. More studies with better experimental designs are needed.
  • ||||||||||  Biomarker, Journal:  Sarcopenia is a prognostic factor for TKIs in metastatic thyroid carcinomas. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    Sarcopenia could be a predictive factor of TKI treatment outcomes in patients with metastatic thyroid cancer as well as intervention target to improve prognosis. Further prospective investigations are needed to confirm these preliminary data.
  • ||||||||||  Preclinical, Journal:  In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico Methods for assessment of Muscle Size and Muscle Growth Regulation. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    In this invited review, we summarize techniques and methods to assess and manipulate muscle size and muscle mass in experimental systems, including cell culture and rodent models. These approaches have utility for studies of myopenia, sarcopenia, cachexia, and acute muscle growth or atrophy in the setting of health or injury.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Mechanistic models to guide redox investigations and interventions in musculoskeletal ageing. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    Studies of tissue specific models lacking SOD1 have highlighted the potential role that disrupted redox pathways can play in muscle loss and weakness and have demonstrated the need to study both motor neurons and muscle to understand age-related loss of skeletal muscle. The complex interplay that has been identified between changes in redox homeostasis in the motor neuron and skeletal muscle and their role in premature loss of muscle mass and function illustrates the utility of modifiable models to establish key pathways that may contribute to age-related changes and identify potential logical approaches to intervention.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Preoperative sarcopenia is associated with late mortality after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    The complex interplay that has been identified between changes in redox homeostasis in the motor neuron and skeletal muscle and their role in premature loss of muscle mass and function illustrates the utility of modifiable models to establish key pathways that may contribute to age-related changes and identify potential logical approaches to intervention. Preoperative sarcopenia (assessed by psoas muscle area index) was associated with late mortality after CABG and effectively predicts postoperative prognosis.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Physical activity and exercise: Strategies to manage frailty. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    Each type improves different aspects of physical functioning, though they could be combined according to need and prescribed as a multicomponent intervention. Therefore, exercise intervention programs should be prescribed based on an individual's physical functioning and adapted to the ensuing response.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Utility of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index in patients with lung cancer undergoing surgery. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    Therefore, exercise intervention programs should be prescribed based on an individual's physical functioning and adapted to the ensuing response. GNRI could help in predicting survival after lung cancer surgery, especially in older patients, and perioperative active nutritional support might improve the survival.
  • ||||||||||  Preclinical, Journal:  Longitudinal partially ordered data analysis for preclinical sarcopenia. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    The new poset model postulates random effects conceptualized as latent variables that represent an underlying construct of interest, that is, susceptibility to sarcopenia over time. We demonstrate how information can be gleaned from nominal sarcopenic states for strengthening statistical inference on a person's susceptibility to sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Association between sarcopenia and fall characteristics in older adults with fragility hip fracture. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    Sarcopenia was correlated with fragile falls; moreover, it was a risk factor for all of these fall types in older adults with fragility hip fracture. Based on these associations, targeted fall-prevention programs for older adults with sarcopenia, a high risk factor of falls and fractures, could help reduce the incidence rates of falls and fragility hip fracture.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Quantitative Imaging of Body Composition. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    Multiple imaging methods have allowed precise estimates of tissue types and provided insights showing the relationship of body composition to varied pathologic conditions. In this review article, we discuss different imaging methods used to quantify body composition and describe important anatomical locations where target tissues can be measured.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Establishing Reference Values for Lean Muscle Mass in the Pediatric Patient. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    We created gender-specific reference charts for total and height-normalized psoas muscle area in healthy children based on age. These results can be used in future studies to establish the effects of sarcopenia in pediatric patients.