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17 Mechanisms of Action |
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- || Review, Journal: Improper Remodeling of Organelles Deputed to Ca Handling and Aerobic ATP Production Underlies Muscle Dysfunction in Ageing. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 28, 2021
All these structural changes were accompanied by related functional changes, i.e., loss/decay in function caused by denervation and ageing, and improved function following FES or exercise. These data suggest that the integrity and proper disposition of intracellular organelles deputed to Ca handling and aerobic generation of ATP is challenged by inactivity (or reduced activity); modifications in the architecture of these intracellular membrane systems may contribute to muscle dysfunction in ageing and sarcopenia.
- || Clinical, Journal: Effects of Functional Training on Sarcopenia in Elderly Women in the Presence or Absence of ACE Inhibitors. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 28, 2021
Our results indicated that functional training may improve body composition and muscle strength in patients diagnosed with sarcopenia. Furthermore, ACEi may be a helpful additional therapy in older adult patients suffering from severe sarcopenia.
- || Clinical, Journal: Handgrip strength as a predictor of incident hypertension in the middle-aged and older population: The TCLSIH cohort study. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 28, 2021
Furthermore, ACEi may be a helpful additional therapy in older adult patients suffering from severe sarcopenia. The present cohort study is the first to find that high weight-adjusted handgrip strength, but not absolute handgrip strength, is significantly and independently related to low risk of incident hypertension among the middle-aged and older population.
- ||| Clinical: I think the SDOC “functional” definition of sarcopenia will help a primary care provider to identify those in need for treatment. I have no way to measure muscle mass accurately. (Twitter) - Jul 28, 2021
- || Clinical, Journal: Impact of Comorbidities, Sarcopenia, and Nutritional Status on the Long-Term Outcomes after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Gastric Cancer in Elderly Patients Aged ≥ 80 Years. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 28, 2021
ESD was a feasible and safe therapeutic method to use in elderly patients, whose long-term survival was significantly associated with nutritional status and comorbidities. These results suggest the need for a possible extension of the curative criteria for ESD in elderly patients with EGC.
- || Clinical, Journal: Ultrasound Evaluation of the Rectus Femoris for Sarcopenia in Patients with Early Subacute Stroke. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 27, 2021
The EI and SRE were not significant between the two groups. In the early subacute stroke phase, TRF on the non-paretic side is a key factor for quantitative evaluation of sarcopenia, and the EI to TRF ratio on the paretic side is also a meaningful qualitative evaluation of sarcopenia.
- || Retrospective data, Review, Journal: The Prognostic Value of Low Muscle Mass in Pancreatic Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 27, 2021
Our analysis confirms the role of low muscle mass in influencing oncologic outcomes in pancreatic cancer. Its role on surgical outcomes remains to be established.
- || Clinical, Journal: The 30-s chair stand test can be a useful tool for screening sarcopenia in elderly Japanese participants. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 27, 2021
Its role on surgical outcomes remains to be established. The CS-30 was found to be a reliable test for sarcopenia screening in the elderly Japanese population.
- || Clinical, Journal: Association of Sarcopenia With Toxicity and Survival in Postoperative Recurrent Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Receiving Chemoradiotherapy. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 27, 2021
Sarcopenia is an independent indicator of poor survival in postoperative locoregional recurrent ESCC patients treated with CRT. Early nutritional interventions before treatment may improve the prognosis.
- || Biomarker, Clinical, Clinical data, Journal, Checkpoint inhibition, IO biomarker: Body Composition Variables as Radiographic Biomarkers of Clinical Outcomes in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 27, 2021
Risk stratification using the body composition variables IFI, SM mean, SFI, and TFI may be prognostic and predictive of clinical outcomes in mRCC patients treated with ICI. Larger, prospective studies are warranted to validate this hypothesis-generating data.
- | Observational data, Journal: Body Mass Index and Disease Activity Are Associated With Moderate to Severe Disability in Crohn's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in Shanghai. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 27, 2021
Our study showed that moderate to severe disability is not directly associated with muscle mass or muscle quantity but is mostly correlated with disease activity as well as BMI. Thus, close monitoring and follow-up should be conducted on patients who are at high risk of disability, and effective measures should be taken, which may be the best way to prevent disability.
- || Clinical, Observational data, Journal: Sarcopenia in geriatric patients from the plateau region of Qinghai-Tibet: A cross-sectional study. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 27, 2021
Specific cultural features of the region, including ethnicity, brewed tea and ghee consumption, were not significantly associated with sarcopenia. Higher body mass index and consumption of beef and mutton were protective, while patients who were widowed or with a history of falling were at increased risk.
- | Journal: A Novel Liver-targeted Testosterone Therapy for Sarcopenia in Androgen Deprived Men With Prostate Cancer. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 27, 2021
Further studies are required to optimize LTTT dose in ADT. LTTT has potential application in other catabolic states in men and women.
- ||| Biomarker: Hand grip is a powerful biomarker Here it was associated with future risk of hepatic encephalopathy, even more-so than sarcopenia #cirrhosis #livertwitter https://t.co/tFcE2DTYGE (Twitter) - Jul 27, 2021
- |||| Sarconeos (BIO101) / Biophytis
Trial completion: A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Randomized INTerventional Clinical Trial (SARA-INT) (clinicaltrials.gov) - Jul 27, 2021
P2, N=233, Completed, Sponsor: Biophytis
LTTT has potential application in other catabolic states in men and women. Active, not recruiting --> Completed
- BILIARY COMPLICATIONS AFTER LIVING DONOR LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS AND OUTCOMES IN 820 RECIPIENTS () - Jul 25, 2021 - Abstract #AHPBA2021AHPBA_514;
BCs remains an important cause of pa- tient and graft loss. Management strategies for BCs need to be tailored based on clinical presentation and available expertise at the centre.
- || Clinical, Review, Journal: Nutrition risk and assessment process in patients with bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2021
In this essay, we discuss validated nutrition screening and assessment tools such as the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment; however, each healthcare team must decide on the one which will work best for their clinic. Patients with bladder cancer may be at risk for specific nutrient deficiencies which should be monitored and corrected to improve outcomes and overall health.
- || Review, Journal: Impact of body size and body composition on bladder cancer outcomes: Risk stratification and opportunity for novel interventions. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2021
Importantly, skeletal muscle can potentially be modified through resistance training and/or nutritional interventions. Large scale studies that evaluate the prognostic impact of not only body composition features at baseline but also describe changes in body composition post-treatment are needed to move the field forward to ultimately improve clinical outcomes for bladder cancer patients.
- || Review, Journal: Assessments of frailty in bladder cancer. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2021
There is no universally agreed upon frailty assessment, but the most studied in radical cystectomy is the modified Frailty Index, providing valuable data with which to counsel patients preoperatively. Alterations in immune phenotypes provide potential future diagnostic biomarkers for frailty.
- || Review, Journal: Obesity paradox and heart failure. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2021
BMI does not distinguish between the metabolically healthy and metabolically unhealthy obesity. The obesity impact on morbidity and premature mortality can be underestimated and, therefore, may lead to incorrect clinical courses.
- || Clinical, Journal: Simplified morphological evaluation of skeletal muscle mass and maximum muscle strength in healthy young women: Comparison between thigh and calf. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2021
In both skeletal muscle index and handgrip strength, calf girth was adopted as a Step 1, respectively. Our results indicated that skeletal muscle index and handgrip strength could be evaluated by the simplified morphology methods, especially that for the calf girth measurement, which may be a good indicator of screening/preventing for sarcopenia in healthy Japanese young women.
- || Clinical, Journal: Omega-3 supplementation improves isometric strength but not muscle anabolic and catabolic signaling in response to resistance exercise in healthy older adults. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2021
However, ω-3 did not improve RE-induced beneficial catabolic or inflammatory adaptations. Irrespective of muscle volume, gains in strength (primary criterion for sarcopenia) might be explained by changes in muscle quality due to muscle inflammatory or catabolic signaling.
- || Clinical, Journal: Sarcopenia and back muscle degeneration as risk factors for degenerative adult spinal deformity with sagittal imbalance and degenerative spinal disease: A comparative study. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2021
Irrespective of muscle volume, gains in strength (primary criterion for sarcopenia) might be explained by changes in muscle quality due to muscle inflammatory or catabolic signaling. No abstract available
- | Journal: MiR-141-3p promotes mitochondrial dysfunction in ovariectomy-induced sarcopenia via targeting Fkbp5 and Fibin. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2021
In conclusion, miR-141-3p is upregulated in OVX mice, and this is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction through inhibition of Fkbp5 and Fibin. These findings suggest that inhibiting miR-141-3p could be a therapeutic target for alleviating obesogenic sarcopenia.
- || Clinical, Journal: Estimation of sarcopenia prevalence in individuals at different ages from Zheijang province in China. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2021
These findings shows that the prevalence of sarcopenia increased gradually with age and varied significantly based on the diagnostic criteria used for this analysis. The mean SMI of young women was lower than in middle-aged women, making them an unsuitable reference population for determining cut-off values for sarcopenia diagnosis.
- | Journal: Cholecalciferol (vitamin D) has a direct protective activity against interleukin 6-induced atrophy in C2C12 myotubes. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2021
However, despite the formation of VDR-RXR heterodimers, VD3 effects do not depend on RXR activity. In conclusion, VD3, in addition to its best-known metabolites, may directly impact on skeletal muscle homeostasis.
- || Clinical, Journal: Fibroblasts from different body parts exhibit distinct phenotypes in adult progeria Werner syndrome. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2021
On the other hand, the osteogenic potential was mutually maintained and comparable in the foot and trunk fibroblasts. These distinct phenotypes in the foot and trunk fibroblasts are consistent with the clinical symptoms of WS and may partially explain the underlying mechanism of this disease phenotype.
- || Clinical, Journal: Consumption of chilies and sweet peppers is associated with lower risk of sarcopenia in older adults. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2021
These distinct phenotypes in the foot and trunk fibroblasts are consistent with the clinical symptoms of WS and may partially explain the underlying mechanism of this disease phenotype. The present study showed that higher consumption of chilies and sweet peppers was related to a lower risk of sarcopenia in older adults.
- || Clinical, Journal: The relationship between osteoporosis and sarcopenia, according to EWGSOP-2 criteria, in outpatient elderly. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2021
In this study, probable sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia were associated with osteoporosis in older adults. Furthermore, we found that low muscle strength, or dynapenia, which is the determining criterion of sarcopenia, was related to femoral neck osteopenia and osteoporosis.
- | Observational data, Journal: Dietary Intake of Vitamin E and Fats Associated with Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Japanese People: A Cross-Sectional Study from the Fifth Survey of the ROAD Study. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2021
Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratios of sarcopenia for the dietary intake of vitamin E (α-tocopherol, 0.14 (CI 0.04-0.49), β-tocopherol (0.24, CI 0.07-0.78), γ-tocopherol (0.28, CI 0.09-0.87), and fats (fat 0.27, CI 0.08-0.96; monounsaturated fatty acids, 0.22, CI 0.07-0.72, polyunsaturated fatty acids, 0.28, CI 0.09-0.89) at the highest quantile were significantly lower compared with those at the lowest quantile. Therefore, higher dietary intakes of vitamin E and fats would be associated with a lower prevalence of sarcopenia.
- || Review, Journal: Impact of Liver and Pancreas Diseases on Nutritional Status. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2021
In this review, we summarize the factors contributing to malnutrition, and the effects on nutritional status and clinical outcomes of liver and pancreatic diseases. We explain the current knowledge on how to assess malnutrition and the efficacy of nutritional interventions in these settings.
- || Clinical, Journal: Relationship Between Sarcopenia, Obesity, Osteoporosis, and Cardiometabolic Health Conditions and Physical Activity Levels in Korean Older Adults. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 23, 2021
Therefore, we verified a lower prevalence of sarcopenia, osteoporosis, obesity, and cardiac metabolic disease in Korean elderly with more active PA. This suggests that more active PA maybe reduce the prevalence of sarcopenia, osteoporosis, obesity, and cardiometabolic diseases in older adults.
- || cisplatin / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Impact of sarcopenia status of muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients on kidney function after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and post cystectomy complications. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 23, 2021
We observed significant changes in sarcopenic status during NAC. Sarcopenia, estimated by the lumbar SMI measurement, was an independent predictor associated with the risk of renal impairment during NAC and early postoperative complications after RC.
- ||| Journal, Adverse events: Body Composition, Natriuretic Peptides, and Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure With Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 23, 2021
Greater axial SM more closely associates with lower NT-proBNP rather than adiposity. Lower NT-proBNP levels in HFpEF compared with HFrEF relate more closely to muscle mass rather than obesity.
- || Clinical, Journal: COVID-19 quarantine in chronic kidney disease patients: A focus on sarcopenia traits. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 23, 2021
Lower NT-proBNP levels in HFpEF compared with HFrEF relate more closely to muscle mass rather than obesity. No abstract available
- || Clinical, Journal: Association of Water Intake with Hand Grip Strength in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 23, 2021
Similarly, the correlation between water intake and HGS, the difference in HGS depending on adequate water intake status, and the risk of low muscle strength depending on water intake quartile were significant only in the unadjusted model. These data indicate that factors such as age, body size, and resistance exercise contribute to improvements in HGS in older adults, whereas water intake may not.
- || Review, Journal: Perioperative Nutritional Aspects in Total Pancreatectomy: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 23, 2021
When it is possible, enteral nutrition is always preferable to parenteral nutrition, with the aim to prevent or reduce cachexia. Nowadays, the nutritional consequences of TP, including diabetes control, are improved and become more manageable.
- | Journal: Subclinical vasculopathy and skeletal muscle metrics in the singapore longitudinal ageing study. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 23, 2021
The association of subclinical vasculopathy with skeletal muscle mass and function in asymptomatic adults ≥55 years is best reflected by cIMT. The roles of mediating pathways deserve further evaluation.
- || Clinical, Journal: Relationship between Oral Hypofunction and Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Otassha Study. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 23, 2021
A logistic regression showed oral hypofunction, age, body mass index, higher-level functional capacity, and serum albumin level were significantly associated with sarcopenia. Sarcopenia occurred at an increased frequency in patients diagnosed with oral hypofunction (odds ratio: 1.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.02-2.47); accordingly, oral hypofunction appears to be significantly associated with sarcopenia.
- || Clinical, Journal: Cut-off Values for Lower Limb Muscle Thickness to Detect Low Muscle Mass for Sarcopenia in Older Adults. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 23, 2021
Ultrasound measurement of lower leg muscles may be a simple, robust measure to detect low muscle mass for sarcopenia. Additionally, cut-off values for site-specific muscle mass loss may not always agree with those for whole-limb muscle mass loss.
- || Clinical, Journal: Impact of Severe Sarcopenia on Rehospitalization and Survival One Year After a TAVR Procedure in Patients Aged 75 and Older. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 23, 2021
Even though severe sarcopenia was not correlated with rehospitalization and mortality at one year after TAVR, our results emphasize the changes in the prevalence according to cutoff used. It highlights the need to define standardized methods and international threshold for sarcopenia diagnosis by CT-scan measurements, in general population and for patients with valvular heart disease.
- || Clinical, Journal: Increase in muscle mass associated with the prebiotic effects of 1-kestose in super-elderly patients with sarcopenia. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 22, 2021
In addition, in all six patients after 12 weeks of 1-kestose administration, the skeletal muscle mass index was greater, and the body fat percentage was lower. This is the first study to show that administration of a prebiotic increased the population of B. longum in the intestinal microbiota and caused recovery of muscle atrophy in super-elderly patients with sarcopenia.
- | Journal: Research into ageing and frailty. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 22, 2021
These issues can only be addressed with development of infrastructure, capacity and expertise in ageing research. Commonly used research methodologies must be adapted to take account of frailty, cognitive impairment and functional dependency.
- || Clinical, Journal: Feasibility of a Geriatric Assessment to Detect and Quantify Sarcopenia and Physical Functioning in German Nursing Home Residents-A Pilot Study. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 22, 2021
Moreover, inconsistencies in individual assessments became apparent, leading to inconclusive analyses. The recording of sarcopenia prevalence in German nursing homes should be the goal of further research.
- | Trial primary completion date: Protein Supplementation Intervention for Improving Muscle Mass and Physical Performance in Older People With Sarcopenia (clinicaltrials.gov) - Jul 22, 2021
P=N/A, N=80, Recruiting, Sponsor: Asia University
The recording of sarcopenia prevalence in German nursing homes should be the goal of further research. Trial primary completion date: Dec 2020 --> Jul 2021
- | Journal: Bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual X-ray absorptiometry agreement for skeletal muscle mass index evaluation in sarcopenia diagnosis. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 22, 2021
We concluded that, in this studied population, the methods were not interchangeable. Results may improve if a specific formula in a greater sample size is used.
- | Journal: Prognostic significance of nutritional markers in metastatic gastric and esophageal adenocarcinoma. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 22, 2021
In de novo metastatic GE adenocarcinoma patients, ECOG, pretreatment NRI and change in NRI were significant prognostic factors for OS while sarcopenia was not. Use of NRI at baseline and during treatment can provide useful prognostic information.
- || Clinical, Observational data, Journal: Impact of adiposity on muscle function and clinical events among elders with dynapenia, presarcopenia and sarcopenia: a community-based cross-sectional study. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 22, 2021
Dynapenia individual had higher risk of obese-related adverse events. Increased adiposity irrespective of muscle mass is relevant to reduced muscle function among elders.
- | metformin / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Long-term silk peptide intake promotes skeletal muscle mass, reduces inflammation, and modulates gut microbiota in middle-aged female rats. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 22, 2021
Forty 12-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet for 12 weeks including 0.5 g casein/kg body weight(BW)/day(Aged), 0.15 g SP plus 0.35 g casein/kg BW/day(Low-SP), 0.5 g SP/kg BW/day(High-SP), or 40 mg metformin plus 0.5 g casein/kg BW/day(Metformin)...In conclusion, SP intake protects against a decrease in lean body mass and grip strength in middle-aged female rats. The protection was partly related to maintaining higher serum concentrations of total amino acids after SP consumption and decreasing inflammation and insulin resistance through gut microbiota modulation.