Sarcopenia
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  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment of Sarcopenia in Liver Disease: A Review of Current Knowledge. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 8, 2021   
    Therefore, sarcopenia is also an important feature of liver cirrhosis, representing a negative prognostic factor and influencing mortality. An increased understanding of sarcopenia could lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches that could help improve the cognitive impairment of cirrhotic patients; therefore, we present a review of the mechanisms and diagnosis of sarcopenia in liver disease and existing therapeutic approaches.
  • ||||||||||  Preclinical, Journal:  Ultrastructural immunocytochemistry shows impairment of RNA pathways in skeletal muscle nuclei of old mice: A link to sarcopenia? (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 8, 2021   
    In all nuclear compartments, an age-related decrease of nuclear actin suggested altered chromatin structuring and impaired nucleus-to-cytoplasm transport of both mRNA and ribosomal subunits, while a decrease of 5-methyl cytosine and ribonuclease A in the nucleoli of old mice indicated an age-dependent loss of rRNA genes. These findings provide novel experimental evidence that, in the aging skeletal muscle, nuclear RNA pathways undergo impairment, likely hindering protein synthesis and contributing to the onset and progression of sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Mitochondrial Dynamics and Mitophagy in Skeletal Muscle Health and Aging. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 8, 2021   
    This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the role played by mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy in skeletal muscle health and in the development of sarcopenia. We also highlight recent studies showing that enhancing mitophagy in skeletal muscle is a promising therapeutic target to prevent or even treat skeletal muscle dysfunction in the elderly.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Pharmacological Treatment of Sarcopenia. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 7, 2021   
    As the population ages, it becomes increasingly essential to know, prevent, and treat this clinical condition. The purpose of the present review is to bring up the current evidence on the diagnosis of this pathology, in a practical way, as well as the main current treatment options.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Sarcopenia and anthracycline cardiotoxicity in patients with cancer. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 5, 2021   
    This is the first study demonstrating a significant association between CT-diagnosed sarcopenia and anthracycline-related cardiotoxicity. Routine CT scans performed for cancer staging may help clinicians identify high-risk patients in whom closer follow-up or cardioprotective measures should be considered.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  11βHSD1 inhibition with AZD4017 improves lipid profiles and lean muscle mass in Idiopathic intracranial hypertension. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 5, 2021   
    These beneficial metabolic changes, represent a reduction in risk factors associated with raised intra-cranial pressure and represent further beneficial therapeutic outcomes of 11β-HSD1 inhibition by AZD4017 in this overweight IIH cohort. In particular, beneficial changes in lean muscle mass associated with AZD4017 may reflect new applications for this nature of inhibitor in the management of conditions such as sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Review, Journal:  Role of Cachexia and Fragility in the Patient Candidate for Cardiac Surgery. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 5, 2021   
    We searched on Medline (PubMed) and Scopus for relevant literature published over the last 10 years and analyzed the strong correlation between frailty, sarcopenia and cardiovascular diseases in elderly patient. In our opinion, a right food intake and moderate intensity resistance exercise are mandatory in order to better prepare patients undergoing cardiac operation.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Use of artificial intelligence in the imaging of sarcopenia: A narrative review of current status and perspectives. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 5, 2021   
    We searched the PubMed database to find articles concerning the use of artificial intelligence in diagnostic imaging and especially in body-composition analysis in the context of sarcopenia. We found that artificial-intelligence systems could potentially help with evaluating sarcopenia and better predicting outcomes in a vast range of clinical situations, which could get us closer to the true era of precision medicine.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  MAS: Standalone Microwave Resonator to Assess Muscle Quality. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 5, 2021   
    The second-generation sensors offer higher penetration depth which will improve clinical data collection and validation. The bandstop filter is fabricated and studied in a group of volunteers, showing more reliable data that warrants further continuation of this development.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Predictive value of sarcopenic findings in the psoas muscle on CT imaging among patients with sepsis. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 4, 2021   
    Appendicular skeletal muscle mass significantly decreased during antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B patients. The results suggested an association of the sarcopenic findings of the psoas muscle on CT imaging with 90-day mortality; however, the modified SOFA had few additional clinical values to that of SOFA in predicting 90-day mortality.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Associations of sarcopenic obesity versus sarcopenia alone with functionality. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 4, 2021   
    Our results suggest that the SO definition confirmed, LMM adjusted by height has an ignorable prevalence in populations in which underweight or malnutrition is uncommon. Among sarcopenic older individuals, obesity may have a protective effect against the limitations of some functional measures, providing evidence of the possible protective effect of obesity in sarcopenic individuals.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Review, Journal:  Sarcopenia measurement in research and clinical practice. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 4, 2021   
    Case-finding tools include the SARC-F questionnaire, Ishii's formula and Goodman's screening grid. Additionally, this review discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each diagnostic and case-finding tool, and examines their ability to reliably predict adverse clinical outcomes and patient responses to potential therapies.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Muscular abnormalities in liver cirrhosis. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 4, 2021   
    Finally, a critical overview is given, in an attempt to discern study lines of importance from those that could pose further ambiguity for the theme. The author also poses relevant questions that remain unanswered but are of clinical importance in the field.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  The Relationship between Diet and Frailty in Aging. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 3, 2021   
    Through these measures we can reduce the prevalence of comorbidity and thereby increase health span. Therefore, both physical and nutritional interventions, including functional foods and nutraceuticals, should be taken into account.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Are body fat and inflammatory markers independently associated with age-related muscle changes? (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 3, 2021   
    Therefore, both physical and nutritional interventions, including functional foods and nutraceuticals, should be taken into account. These findings highlight the importance of physical activity and healthy diet as effective interventions to prevent muscle mass/strength decline, and points to IL-10/TNF-α ratio and body fat as independently associated factors for dynapenia and sarcopenia, respectively.
  • ||||||||||  Preclinical, Journal:  Beneficial Effects of a Mixture of Algae and Extra Virgin Olive Oils on the Age-Induced Alterations of Rodent Skeletal Muscle: Role of HDAC-4. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 3, 2021   
    However, the OM prevented decreased autophagy activity (ratio protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3b) II/I) induced by aging and increased expression of factors related with muscle senescence such as histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC-4), myogenin, and IGF-I binding protein 5 (IGFBP-5). These data suggest that the beneficial effects of the OM on muscle can be secondary to its anti-inflammatory effect and to the normalization of HDAC-4 and myogenin levels, making this treatment an alternative therapeutic tool for sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Clinical Oncology Society of Australia: Position statement on cancer-related malnutrition and sarcopenia. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 2, 2021   
    Health services should ensure a broad range of health care professionals across the MDT have the skills and confidence to recognise malnutrition and sarcopenia to facilitate timely referrals and treatment. The position statement is expected to provide guidance at a national level to improve the multidisciplinary management of cancer-related malnutrition and sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  oxaliplatin / Generic mfg., capecitabine / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Hyperammonemic encephalopathy during XELOX regimen. Is it capecitabine or oxaliplatin responsible? (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 2, 2021   
    We hypothesize that the combination of a platinum-derivative and a fluoropyrimidine multiplies the risk of hyperammonemic encephalopathy, even in the absence of predisposing factors nor impaired liver function. We therefore suggest to always consider the risk of hyperammonemia when starting fluoropyrimidines-based chemotherapy, especially combined with platinum-derivatives, and to timely investigate neurologic symptoms monitoring ammonia serum levels.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Sarcopenic dysphagia following COVID-19 infection: A new danger. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 2, 2021   
    Clinicians caring for patients with COVID-19 should be aware that dysphagia, which is associated with increased mortality in older adults, may occur even in the absence of intubation. We recommend that the evaluation of dysphagia be part of the clinical assessment in older COVID-19 patients with malnutrition or sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Amino Acid Profile in 18 Patients with Rheumatic Diseases Treated with Glucocorticoids and BCAAs. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 2, 2021   
    Plasma amino acid concentrations in patients with rheumatic diseases treated with glucocorticoids decreased despite tapering the dose of glucocorticoids, with a smaller decrease in the BCAA-treated group. Plasma BCAA, aspartic acid, and glutamate concentrations correlated positively with the rate of improvement in biceps femoris muscle atrophy, suggesting that these amino acids are associated with the BCAA-induced increase in muscle mass.