Sarcopenia
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  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] COUPLED AMMONIA TRANSPORT AND SIGNALING VIA RHBG IN SKELETAL MUSCLE DURING HYPERAMMONEMIA () -  Oct 21, 2021 - Abstract #AASLD2021AASLD_682;    
    Hyperammonemia activates the skeletal muscle innate immune response molecule, MYD88, via a novel, TLR independent direct interaction with RhBG. The binding domains on RhBG are potential molecular therapeutic targets to restore muscle mass in cirrhosis and suggest ammonia induced conformational changes in RhBG mediates ammonia transport and signaling responses .
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] Practice Guidelines Debrief for Patients () -  Oct 21, 2021 - Abstract #AASLD2021AASLD_428;    
    Testing and Nutrition for Sarcopenia (muscle wasting or loss) and Frailty will be reviewed for their negative effects on liver disease and how they may impair response to therapy or limit options Participants will learn about when palliative care should be considered for End-Stage Liver Disease Wilson's Disease, a rare genetic disease, will be discussed, including early clues to diagnosis, current treatment, and future directions in research Participants will learn about the opportunities available for patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Cholangiocarcinoma, two slowly progressive diseases of the liver bile ducts which can result in liver cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer. Progress in early diagnosis, new treatments, and future research directions will be explored.
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] Nutrition 101 for Patients with Chronic Liver Disease () -  Oct 21, 2021 - Abstract #AASLD2021AASLD_377;    
    This format aims to achieve the dual objectives of making the information easily digestible for patients while simultaneously providing a patient-friendly approach for clinicians to engage with their patients on this topic. Learning Objectives: Provide real world dietary recommendations for patients with liver disease (various etiologies) Provide information on how nutrition recommendations may change as liver disease progresses to cirrhosis and decompensation
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] Mitochondrial Replisome Protein Changes in Aging Mice () -  Oct 21, 2021 - Abstract #ANA2021ANA_449;    
    West ern blot analysis of tissue again demonstrated that there was a reduction of POLG1 protein levels in aged mice when com pared to TFAM levels (POLG1/TFAM ratio), particularly in gastrocnemius muscle. Mitochodnrial bioenergetics analysis using Seahorse machine showed a decrease in baseline oxygen consumption rate in fibroblasts harvested from aged mice.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Bioengineered skeletal muscle as a model of muscle aging and regeneration. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 20, 2021   
    Furthermore, in contrast to young SkM tissues, senescent tissues failed to regenerate in response to injury, possibly as a result of persistent apoptosis and failure to initiate a proliferation program. Our findings suggest that 3D senescent SkM may provide a powerful model for studying aging and a platform for drug testing and discovery of therapeutic compounds to improve the function of sarcopenic muscle.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  ACTN3 R577X polymorphism related to sarcopenia and physical fitness in active older women. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 20, 2021   
    Furthermore, statistically significant differences were found in the chair stand test (p = 0.04), as well as in the sit and reach test (p = 0.01), with better results for women below 75 years old with the ACTN3 XX genotype. Sarcopenia and physical fitness show differences based on the ACTN3 R577X genotype in active older women.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Importance of "muscle" and "intestine" training before major HPB surgery: A review. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 20, 2021   
    A recent study also indicated that there are correlations between muscle mass and the intestinal microenvironment. Further investigation is required to determine the best "muscle" and "intestine" training protocol to improve the outcomes of major HPB surgeries.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Involvements of long noncoding RNAs in obesity-associated inflammatory diseases. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 20, 2021   
    We highlight the evidence for their differential expression in the obese state and in age-related conditions including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D), sarcopenia, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, where obesity plays a significant role. Determining the expression and functional role of lncRNAs in mediating obesity-associated chronic inflammation will advance our understanding of the epigenetic regulatory pathways that underlie age-related inflammatory diseases and may also ultimately identify new targets for therapeutic intervention.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Skeletal Muscle Index's Impact on Discharge Disposition After Head and Neck Cancer Free Flap Reconstruction. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 20, 2021   
    Determining the expression and functional role of lncRNAs in mediating obesity-associated chronic inflammation will advance our understanding of the epigenetic regulatory pathways that underlie age-related inflammatory diseases and may also ultimately identify new targets for therapeutic intervention. SMI and 5-mFI are independently associated with discharge to PACF after HNCFFR and should be considered in preoperative planning and assessment of frailty.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Polyunsaturated fatty acids as modulators of fat mass and lean mass in human body composition regulation and cardiometabolic health. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 20, 2021   
    The purpose of this review is to highlight the emerging evidence, from both epidemiological prospective studies and clinical intervention trials, of a role for PUFA, in particular ePUFA, in the long-term regulation of body weight and body composition, and their impact on cardiometabolic health. It also discusses current notions about the mechanisms by which PUFAs modulate fat mass and lean mass through altered control of energy intake, thermogenesis, or lean-fat partitioning.
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    Clinical, Journal:  Abnormal body composition in patients with adrenal adenomas. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 20, 2021   
    Patients with adrenal adenomas demonstrate a lower muscle mass and a higher proportion of visceral fat when compared to referent subjects, including patients with NFAT. Even a subtle abnormality in cortisol secretion may impact health of patients with adenomas.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Healthy Eating Is Associated with Sarcopenia Risk in Physically Active Older Adults. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 20, 2021   
    The present study supports guidelines emphasizing diet quality beyond amounts of macro- and micronutrients in the prevention of age-related deterioration of muscle health. Importantly, the benefits from healthy dietary patterns are evident in older adults who already adhere to guidelines for health-enhancing physical activity.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  The Role of Osteokines in Sarcopenia: Therapeutic Directions and Application Prospects. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 20, 2021   
    Both muscle-derived factors and osteokines can play a role in regulating muscle and bone metabolism via autocrine, paracrine and endocrine mechanisms. Herein, we comprehensively summarize the latest research progress on the effects of the osteokines FGF-23, IGF-1, RANKL and osteocalcin on muscle to explore whether these cytokines can be utilized to treat and prevent sarcopenia.
  • ||||||||||  Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date:  MIDAS: Muscle Multi-parametric NMR Imaging Development in Aged People With Sarcopenia or Frailty Syndrome; CLINical Study (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Oct 19, 2021   
    P=N/A,  N=60, Recruiting, 
    Herein, we comprehensively summarize the latest research progress on the effects of the osteokines FGF-23, IGF-1, RANKL and osteocalcin on muscle to explore whether these cytokines can be utilized to treat and prevent sarcopenia. Trial completion date: Mar 2021 --> May 2022 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2021 --> May 2022