Sarcopenia
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  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Can Leucine Supplementation Improve Frailty Index Scores? (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 27, 2023   
    P1
    There were also no significant differences between the leucine and placebo groups in the mean FI difference between baseline and follow-up (p = 0.316, Cohen's d: 0.04). This pilot study showed that a nutritional supplementation with leucine did not significantly modify the frailty index in older nursing home residents.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis: perspectives from epigenetics and microbiota. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 26, 2023   
    Furthermore, the alterations in cirrhosis patients with sarcopenia, such as inflammatory response and oxidative stress, are found to present synergistic effects in the pathways of epigenetics and dysbiosis leading to sarcopenia. This review proposes that microbiome-based therapies are promising to break the vicious cycle between epigenetic modification and dysbiosis, providing strong support for the use of intestinal microecological interventions to prevent sarcopenia in cirrhotic patients.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  The Persistent Inflammation, Immunosuppression, and Catabolism Syndrome (PICS) Ten Years Later. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 26, 2023   
    Although CCI is less frequent (20%) after major trauma, PICS appears to be a valid concept. This review will specifically detail the epidemiology of CCI, PICS biomarkers, effect of site of infection, acute kidney injury, effect on older patients, dysfunctional high-density lipoproteins, sarcopenia/cachexia, emergency myelopoiesis, dysregulated erythropoiesis, and potential therapeutic interventions.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal, Surgery:  Frailty as a predictor of postoperative outcomes in neurosurgery: a systematic review. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 25, 2023   
    Frailty literature has grown exponentially over the years and has been incorporated into neurosurgical decision making. Although a wide range of frailty indices exist, their utility may vary according to their ability to be incorporated in the outpatient clinical setting.
  • ||||||||||  Preclinical, Journal:  Skeletal Muscle Transcriptome Alterations Related to Declining Physical Function in Older Mice. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 25, 2023   
    Gene ontology results indicate highly enriched axon guidance and acetyl choline receptor gene sets, suggesting that denervation/reinnervation flux might potentially play a critical role in functional decline. We conclude that specific age-related DEG patterns are associated with declines in physical function, and the data suggest accelerated aging occurring between 24 and 28 months.
  • ||||||||||  Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date, Adverse events:  Adverse Outcomes and Mortality in Liver Transplant (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Oct 23, 2023   
    P=N/A,  N=100, Recruiting, 
    Particularly, low hand grip strength and usual walking pace emerged as noteworthy contributors to mortality risk. Trial completion date: Jul 2023 --> Jul 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2023 --> Jul 2024
  • ||||||||||  albumin-bound paclitaxel / Generic mfg., gemcitabine / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Implication of Skeletal Muscle Loss in the Prognosis of Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Receiving Chemotherapy. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 23, 2023   
    Both the progression-free and overall survival were significantly shorter in the skeletal muscle index loss group than in the non-skeletal muscle index loss group (p=0.026 and 0.045, respectively). Conclusions Skeletal muscle index loss during the initial treatment phase may be an early marker for the long-term prognosis of patients receiving nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel plus gemcitabine as first-line treatment for unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
  • ||||||||||  Enrollment change, Trial initiation date:  The Effectiveness of Vitamin D Supplementation in Patients With End-stage Knee Osteoarthritis (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Oct 23, 2023   
    P=N/A,  N=56, Active, not recruiting, 
    Conclusions Skeletal muscle index loss during the initial treatment phase may be an early marker for the long-term prognosis of patients receiving nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel plus gemcitabine as first-line treatment for unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. N=96 --> 56 | Initiation date: Jul 2023 --> Apr 2023
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Pre-existing sarcopenia and swallowing outcomes in acute stroke patients. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 22, 2023   
    Patients who have a net loss of muscle over time may be at high risk for early disease recurrence. Acute stroke patients with sarcopenia may have weakness of the swallowing-related muscles which may lead to impaired oral intake and aspiration pneumonia.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Unexplained hypercapnia? What a chest X-ray tells us. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 22, 2023   
    Our results suggest that prosthodontic treatment could contribute to maintaining protein intake in older adults with severe tooth loss. No abstract available
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool for sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis: Examining the pros and cons. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 22, 2023   
    Therefore, the use of ultrasound techniques has garnered attention as a promising alternative for detecting sarcopenia and muscle abnormalities. This narrative review aims to provide an overview of the current literature on the use of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for sarcopenia, with particular focus on patients with cirrhosis, emphasizing its potential limitations and future prospects.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Malnutrition, sarcopenia, and cancer cachexia in gynecologic cancer. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 22, 2023   
    Pharmacologic interventions and potential immune targets for combating cachexia related to malignancy are discussed in this review and may provide opportunities to target disease and cachexia. This article reviews currently available data regarding the implications, diagnostics, physiology, and intervention strategies for gynecologic oncology patients with malnutrition and its associated conditions.