Sarcopenia
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  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Sarcopenia and Ageing. (Pubmed Central) -  May 4, 2023   
    With the new definitions, there are many studies emerging to investigate the pathogenesis of sarcopenia, exploring new interventions to treat sarcopenia and evaluating the efficacy of combination treatments for sarcopenia. The scope of this chapter is to summarize and appraise the evidence in terms of (1) clinical signs, symptoms, screening, and diagnosis, (2) pathogenesis of sarcopenia with emphasis on mitochondrial dysfunction, intramuscular fat infiltration and neuromuscular junction deterioration, and (3) current treatments with regard to physical exercises and nutritional supplement.
  • ||||||||||  AAV9-Mediated Expression of Secreted Klotho Reduced Several Aging-Associated Phenotypes and Increased Longevity (Petree Hall D) -  May 3, 2023 - Abstract #ASGCT2023ASGCT_2357;    
    These results show for the first time, the potential of exogenous increase in s-KL protein to treat several age-associated deficits, increasing both health and life span of wild type animals. Due to the safer pharmacological profile of s-KL compared to other KL isoforms, and being a naturally secreted protein, gene therapies increasing s-KL levels represent a promising approach to reduce the impact of the age-associated degeneration in multiple organs.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Sphingolipids accumulate in aged muscle, and their reduction counteracts sarcopenia. (Pubmed Central) -  May 3, 2023   
    The relevance of sphingolipid pathways in human aging is demonstrated in two cohorts, the UK Biobank and Helsinki Birth Cohort Study in which gene expression-reducing variants of SPTLC1 and DEGS1 are associated with improved and reduced fitness of older individuals, respectively. These findings identify sphingolipid synthesis inhibition as an attractive therapeutic strategy for age-related sarcopenia and co-occurring pathologies.
  • ||||||||||  Retrospective data, Journal, Surgery:  Impact of Nutritional Status on Postoperative Outcomes in Cancer Patients following Elective Pancreatic Surgery. (Pubmed Central) -  May 2, 2023   
    Assessment of nutritional status should be part of routine preoperative procedures in order to achieve early and appropriate nutritional support in pancreatic cancer patients. Further studies are needed to better understand the effect of preoperative nutritional therapy on short-term clinical outcomes in patients undergoing pancreatic elective surgery.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Rehabilitation Nutrition in Older People. (Pubmed Central) -  May 2, 2023   
    Further studies are needed to better understand the effect of preoperative nutritional therapy on short-term clinical outcomes in patients undergoing pancreatic elective surgery. Rehabilitation nutrition is expected to help treat frailty, undernutrition, and sarcopenia [...].
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Sarcopenia and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: Targeting the Muscle-Brain Axis. (Pubmed Central) -  May 2, 2023   
    Herein, we discuss the main molecular mechanisms and factors involved in the muscle-brain axis and their possible implication in cognitive decline in older adults. An overview of current behavioral strategies that allegedly act on the muscle-brain axis is also provided.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  An Integrated Approach to Skeletal Muscle Health in Aging. (Pubmed Central) -  May 2, 2023   
    Supplementing the diet with antioxidants, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, probiotics, prebiotics, proteins, kefir, and short-chain fatty acids could be potential nutritional therapies against sarcopenia. Finally, a personalized integrated strategy to counteract sarcopenia and maintain the health of skeletal muscles is suggested in this review.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Osteosarcopenia in NAFLD/MAFLD: An Underappreciated Clinical Problem in Chronic Liver Disease. (Pubmed Central) -  May 2, 2023   
    The reductions in muscle and bone mass share several common pathophysiological pathways; insulin resistance and chronic systemic inflammation are the most crucial predisposing factors and are related to the presence and gravity of NAFLD and to the worsening of the outcome of liver disease. This article explores the relationship between osteosarcopenia and NAFLD/MAFLD, focusing on the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of this condition in patients with CLD.
  • ||||||||||  calcifediol / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Relationship between Vitamin D and Immunity in Older People with COVID-19. (Pubmed Central) -  May 2, 2023   
    Promising results for the potential effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in reducing the severity of COVID-19 disease was demonstrated in a pilot clinical trial of 76 hospitalised patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection where oral calcifediol administration reduced the need for ICU treatment. These interesting results need to be confirmed in larger studies with available information on vitamin D serum levels.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Defining and diagnosing sarcopenia: Is the glass now half full? (Pubmed Central) -  May 2, 2023   
    Here, we will review existing algorithms to diagnose sarcopenia, and major open methodological issues to assess skeletal muscle mass and function under different clinical conditions, in order to highlight similarities and differences. Potential for consensus on sarcopenia diagnosis as well as emerging new challenges will be discussed.
  • ||||||||||  Erbitux (cetuximab) / Eli Lilly, EMD Serono
    Retrospective data, Journal:  The impact of sarcopenia on overall survival in patients with pan-RAS wild-type colorectal liver metastasis receiving hepatectomy. (Pubmed Central) -  May 2, 2023   
    In our study on community dwelling outpatient postmenopausal Hungarian women, the overall score of the Hungarian version of the SarQoL questionnaire had significant discriminative power to distinguish between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patients, had high internal consistency and no floor or ceiling effects. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic implications of sarcopenia and its change after perioperative cetuximab plus doublet chemotherapy and hepatectomy in patients with RAS wild-type colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM)...Improvement in sarcopenia ([SMI after intervention - initial SMI]/initial SMI?
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  The association between sarcopenia and cirrhosis: a Mendelian randomization analysis. (Pubmed Central) -  May 1, 2023   
    This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic implications of sarcopenia and its change after perioperative cetuximab plus doublet chemotherapy and hepatectomy in patients with RAS wild-type colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM)...Improvement in sarcopenia ([SMI after intervention - initial SMI]/initial SMI? No abstract available
  • ||||||||||  Biomarker, Review, Journal:  Future lines of research on phase angle: Strengths and limitations. (Pubmed Central) -  May 1, 2023   
    On the other hand, it is important to assess the clinical conditions and the phenotype of the patients, as well as to establish a disease-specific clinical profile. The appropriate selection of the most critical outcomes is another fundamental aspect of research.
  • ||||||||||  Retrospective data, Review, Journal:  Phase angle and COVID-19: A systematic review with meta-analysis. (Pubmed Central) -  May 1, 2023   
    We recommend using PhA as a prognostic marker for mortality and complications in this population. Although the results are promising, future studies must identify the PhA cut-off to guide therapeutic decisions more precisely.Registration code in PROSPERO: CRD42023391044.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Anthropometric equations to estimate appendicular muscle mass from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA): A scoping review. (Pubmed Central) -  May 1, 2023   
    The different proposed predictive anthropometric equations of ASM DXA were mapped, including validated pre-existing equations, offering an easy-to-use referential article for clinical and research applications. It is necessary to propose more equations for other continents (Africa and Antarctica) and specific health-related conditions (e.g., diseases), once the equations can only have sufficient validity and accuracy to predict ASM generally when applied to the same population.
  • ||||||||||  deoxyglucose / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Use of a novel technique to assess impact of age-related denervation on mouse soleus muscle function. (Pubmed Central) -  May 1, 2023   
    Anaesthetized mice were infused with the fluorescent deoxyglucose analog 2[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,2-diaxol-4-yl)amino]-2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG) and the tibial nerve was repeatedly stimulated to label active skeletal muscle fibers by activity-dependent uptake of 2-NBDG...Older muscles developed significantly more passive force and less specific force, but denervation only partly accounted for age-related deficits in specific force. Further investigations are required to definitively identify contributors to the decrease in force generation that remain unaccounted for.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  The use of phase angle in patients with digestive and liver diseases. (Pubmed Central) -  May 1, 2023   
    In patients with inflammatory bowel and liver diseases, PhA was consistently found to be related to nutritional status and body composition, particularly the depletion of lean body mass and sarcopenia. It has been associated with prognosis, disease stage and severity and found to be helpful in monitoring fluid shifts and response to interventions.