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  • ||||||||||  Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma
    Clinical, Review, Journal:  An update on drugs with therapeutic potential for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) treatment. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 3, 2022   
    Hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir, and ribavirin are all examples of therapeutic agents, whose efficacy against COVID-19 was later disproved...We focus on currently recommended therapeutic agents, including steroids, various monoclonal antibodies, remdesivir, baricitinib, anticoagulants and PAXLOVIDâ„¢ summarizing the latest original studies and meta-analyses...The results of recent studies report that hydroxychloroquine and convalescent plasma demonstrate no efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Lastly, we summarize the studies on various drugs with incoherent or insufficient data concerning their effectiveness, such as amantadine, ivermectin, or niclosamide.
  • ||||||||||  Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) / Pfizer
    Clinical, Journal:  Pro108Ser mutation of SARS-CoV-2 3CL reduces the enzyme activity and ameliorates the clinical severity of COVID-19. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 3, 2022   
    Recently, an international randomized controlled clinical trial showed that patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection treated orally with the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CL) inhibitor PF-07321332 within three days of symptom onset showed an 89% lower risk of COVID-19-related hospital admission/ death from any cause as compared with the patients who received placebo...Hydrogen/deuterium-exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) revealed that the reduced activity was associated with structural perturbation surrounding the substrate-binding region of the enzyme, which is positioned behind and distant from the 108th amino acid residue. Our findings of the attenuated clinical course of COVID-19 in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 strains with reduced 3CL enzymatic activity greatly endorses the promising result of the aforementioned clinical trial of the 3CL inhibitor.