- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Reimbursement, US reimbursement, Journal, Medicare: Clinical Risk and Outpatient Therapy Utilization for COVID-19 in the Medicare Population. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 30, 2024
A simulation of reallocating COVID-19 treatment, particularly with nirmatrelvir, to those at high risk of severe disease was performed, and the potential COVID-19 hospitalizations and mortality outcomes were assessed...In this cross-sectional study, outpatient COVID-19 treatment was disproportionately accessed by beneficiaries at lower risk for severe infection, undermining its potential public health benefit. Undertreatment was not driven by lack of clinical access or treatment contraindications.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Review, Journal: Antivirals for Broader Coverage against Human Coronaviruses. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 30, 2024
Antivirals that have been approved by the FDA for use against COVID-19 such as Paxlovid can target and successfully inhibit the main protease (MPro) activity of multiple human CoVs; however, alternative proteomes encoded by CoV genomes have a closer genetic similarity to each other, suggesting that antivirals could be developed now that target future CoVs...Here, we discuss antiviral research, contributing to the control of common and severe CoV replication and transmission, including the current SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. The aim was to identify common features of CoVs for antivirals, biologics and vaccines that could reduce the scientific, political, economic and public health strain caused by CoV outbreaks now and in the future.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Review, Journal: Treatments for COVID-19. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 30, 2024
Immunomodulatory therapies, such as dexamethasone and interleukin-6 or Janus kinase inhibitors, are most useful in severe disease or critical illness...Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Medicine, Volume 75 is January 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Trial completion, Enrollment change: Pharmacist Management of Paxlovid eVisits (clinicaltrials.gov) - Jan 29, 2024
P=N/A, N=2478, Completed,
Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates. Recruiting --> Completed | N=1560 --> 2478
- |||||||||| Review, Journal: On the origins of SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 29, 2024
Since many series of covalent SARS-CoV-2-M inhibitors owe some of their origins to previous work on other proteases, we first provided a description of various inhibitors of cysteine-bearing human caspase-1 or cathepsin K, as well as inhibitors of serine proteases such as human dipeptidyl peptidase-4 or the hepatitis C protein complex NS3/4A. This is then followed by a description of the results of the approaches adopted (repurposing, structure-based and high throughput screening) to discover coronavirus main protease inhibitors.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Review, Journal: COVID-19: On the threshold of the fifth year. The situation in Spain. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 29, 2024
In the therapeutic aspect, there is little to expect right now from antisera, but the already known antiviral drugs are still available and indicated, although their efficacy will have to be reevaluated due to their impact on populations that are mostly immunized and with a better prognosis than in the past. In our opinion, it is necessary to continue to make a reasonable and timely use of masks and other non-pharmacological means of protection.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Journal: Exploring Paxlovid Efficacy in COVID-19 Patients with MAFLD: Insights from a Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 27, 2024
Notably, outcomes from phase II/III trials exhibit an 88% relative risk reduction in COVID-19-associated hospitalization or mortality among high-risk patients. Despite conflicting data on the association between MAFLD and COVID-19 severity, this research strives to bridge the gap by evaluating the effectiveness of Paxlovid in MAFLD patients with COVID-19, addressing the scarcity of relevant studies.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Review, Journal: Clinical Effectiveness of Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir-A Literature Review. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 26, 2024
However, when it comes to the dependency of potential on age and comorbidities, further studies are necessary. From the available data, one can conclude that Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir cannot substitute vaccinations; however, its low manufacturing cost and easy administration make it a valuable tool in fighting COVID-19, especially for countries with low vaccination rates.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Journal: Public Health Impact of Paxlovid as Treatment for COVID-19, United States. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 26, 2024
In a higher transmission scenario (effective reproduction number of 3), the benefits increase, potentially preventing 0.85 million (95% CI 0.36-1.38 million) hospitalizations and saving US $170.17 billion (95% CI US $60.49-$286.14 billion). Our findings suggest that timely and widespread use of Paxlovid could be an effective and economical approach to mitigate the effects of COVID-19.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer, Xocova (ensitrelvir) / Shionogi
Journal: Generation and evaluation of protease inhibitor-resistant SARS-CoV-2 strains. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 25, 2024
NMV-r in non-hospitalized vaccinated patients with pre-existing CVD with Covid-19 was associated with a reduction in the development of PASC-associated symptoms and healthcare utilization. To date, the 3CLpro inhibitor nirmatrelvir (Paxlovid
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer, Xevudy (sotrovimab) / GSK, National Institutes of Health, Vir Biotech, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Review, Journal: Early post-exposure and curative therapeutic strategies against COVID-19 (Pubmed Central) - Jan 22, 2024
Specific studies should be undertaken to test new treatments and preventive interventions in HM patients. Despite the evolution of variants, antivirals still appear to have activity and remain the first-line treatment for patients, in addition to vaccination.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Journal: Discovery of pyrimidoindol and benzylpyrrolyl inhibitors targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M) through pharmacophore modelling, covalent docking, and biological evaluation. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 22, 2024
Despite the evolution of variants, antivirals still appear to have activity and remain the first-line treatment for patients, in addition to vaccination. Although the orally active drug nirmatrelvir (co-administered with ritonavir as paxlovid) has been approved for emergency use as the frontline antiviral agent, there are a number of limitations that necessitate the discovery of new drug scaffolds, such as poor pharmacokinetics and susceptibility to proteolytic degradation due to its peptidomimetic nature...Interestingly, our approach also identified another hit, DR07, a pyrimidoindol with a non-peptide character, and a molecular weight of 438.9
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
PK/PD data, Review, Journal: A Comprehensive Review of the Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Drug Interactions of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 15, 2024
Population pharmacokinetics and quantitative systems pharmacology modeling support twice daily dosing of 300 mg/100 mg nirmatrelvir/ritonavir for 5 days, with a reduced 150 mg/100 mg dose for patients with moderate renal impairment. Rapid clinical development of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in response to the emerging COVID-19 pandemic was enabled by innovations in clinical pharmacology research, including an adaptive phase 1 trial design allowing direct to pivotal phase 3 development, fluorine nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to delineate absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion profiles, and innovative applications of model-informed drug development to accelerate development.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Review, Journal: Drug-drug interactions between COVID-19 drug therapies and antidepressants. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 15, 2024
The most serious drug-drug interactions (serotonin syndrome and QTc prolongation) require close monitoring, however DDI toward reducing the efficacy of antidepressants may be difficult to recognize. As COVID-19 treatment protocols take precedence, psychiatrists should exert flexibility in antidepressant use and proactively monitor treatment progress.
- |||||||||| Olumiant (baricitinib) / Incyte, Eli Lilly, Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma, Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Review, Journal: Drug-Drug Interactions Between COVID-19 Treatments and Psychotropic Medications: An Updated Study. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 15, 2024
NMV/r is associated with a significant reduction in 30-day hospitalization or death among individuals previously uninfected and nonhospitalized. We discuss the implications of our findings on appropriate treatment plan selection by healthcare providers for patients taking select antipsychotics, antidepressants, mood stabilizers, and benzodiazepines while receiving COVID-19 treatments.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Review, Journal: The Therapy of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 11, 2024
These address treatment during the early infectious period with antiviral agents, including remdesivir and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, as well as treatment in the later period of immune dysregulation with corticosteroids and immunomodulators. In addition, the therapeutic approach for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), also referred to as Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS), is also provided.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Journal: Studies Investigate Whether Antivirals Like Paxlovid May Prevent Long COVID. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 10, 2024
In addition, the therapeutic approach for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), also referred to as Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS), is also provided. No abstract available
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir Drug Interactions Lead to Multi-Organ Dysfunction in a Lung Transplant Recipient (Board #238; Poster Hall) - Jan 9, 2024 - Abstract #ISHLT2024ISHLT_1527;
The appropriate use of Paxlovid in this patient population is of paramount importance.Case Report An 81-year-old man with a history of bilateral lung transplant for pulmonary fibrosis presented to the emergency department with worsening fatigue, decreased oral intake, and dyspnea upon initiating Paxlovid and oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu) for presumed COVID-19, three days prior...A one-time dose of phenytoin was given to aid tacrolimus clearance...In this case, the patient was given Paxlovid with tacrolimus, resulting in supratherapeutic immunosuppression and toxicity. Although the precedent for preventing hospitalization in transplant recipients on immunosuppressive therapies is paramount to successful transplant practices, optimal care necessitates a better understanding drug interactions in this niche population.
- |||||||||| Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma, Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Efficacy of Convalescent Plasma for the Treatment of COVID-19 in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Multicenter French Study (Board #219; Poster Hall) - Jan 9, 2024 - Abstract #ISHLT2024ISHLT_1514;
Regarding immunosuppressive maintenance treatment, 20 patients were treated with tacrolimus, 22 with mycophenolate mofetil and 25 with steroids...21 patients received dexamethasone, 7 had Tocilizumab and 1 had Remdesivir...No patient was treated with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir...The average FEV1 loss was 0.138ml (-4.81%).Conclusion This study showed that CP use was limited and heterogenous between the French LT centers, including an important variability in the time from disease onset to CP administration. This is the first and largest multicenter study assessing the use of CP in LT patients, further studies will be required to drive future guidelines.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Journal: Repurposing and discovery of transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) inhibitors as prophylactic therapies for new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). (Pubmed Central) - Jan 9, 2024
Meanwhile, a series of vaccines and small-molecule drugs, including the mRNA vaccines and Paxlovid, have been approved, but their efficacy is decreased significantly due to the constant emergence of mutant viral strains...Transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) is belonging to a protein family with highly conserved serine protease domain whose crucial role in viral entry is to activate the spike protein of viruses to induce the fusion between host cells and viruses. In this review, we sketch the critical position of TMPRSS2 in the SARS-CoV-2 viral entry and summarize the advanced research and development of TMPRSS2 inhibitors, including repurposed drugs, as a new way to fight COVID-19.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer
Observational data, Journal: Association of nirmatrelvir for acute SARS-CoV-2 infection with subsequent Long COVID symptoms in an observational cohort study. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 8, 2024
Among 666 treated who answered rebound questions, rebound symptoms or test positivity were not associated with Long COVID symptoms (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 0.74-2.41; p?=?0.33). Within this cohort of vaccinated, nonhospitalized individuals, oral nirmatrelvir treatment during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and rebound after nirmatrelvir treatment were not associated with Long COVID symptoms more than 90 days after infection.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer, azvudine (FNC) / Granlen
Journal: Azvudine versus paxlovid for oral treatment of COVID-19 in Chinese patients. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 8, 2024
Within this cohort of vaccinated, nonhospitalized individuals, oral nirmatrelvir treatment during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and rebound after nirmatrelvir treatment were not associated with Long COVID symptoms more than 90 days after infection. Among adults who were hospitalised with SARS-CoV-2 infection, azvudine was noninferior to paxlovid in terms of time to sustained clinical recovery, death rates, hospitalization time and cost, with few safety concerns.
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